Questão 18 - ACAFE Medicina Inverno 2026/2

Text 1

 

WHO validates Brazil for eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV

1    The World Health Organization (WHO) has validated Brazil for the elimination of mother-to-child
2 transmission (EMTCT) of HIV, making it the most populous country in the Americas to achieve this historic
3 milestone. This accomplishment reflects Brazil’s long-standing commitment to universal and free access to
4 health services through its Unified Health System (SUS), anchored in a strong primary health-care system and
5 respect for human rights. 

6    Brazil met all the criteria for EMTCT validation, including reducing vertical transmission of HIV to below 2%
7 and achieving over 95% coverage for prenatal care, routine HIV testing, and timely treatment for pregnant
8 women living with HIV. In addition to meeting the targets of the validation, Brazil demonstrated the delivery of
9 quality services for mothers and their infants, robust data and laboratory systems, and a strong commitment
10 to human rights, gender equality and community engagement.

11    The evaluation, supported by PAHO, was conducted by independent experts who reviewed data,
12 documentation, and health facility operations. Findings were then assessed by WHO’s Global Validation
13 Advisory Committee, which formally recommended Brazil’s validation for elimination. 

14    “This achievement shows that eliminating vertical transmission of HIV is possible when pregnant women
15 know their HIV status, receive timely treatment, and have access to maternal health services and safe delivery,”
16 said Dr Jarbas Barbosa, Director of PAHO. “It is also the result of the tireless dedication of thousands of health
17 professionals, community health workers, and civil society organizations. Every day, they sustain the continuity
18 of care, identify obstacles, and work to overcome them, ensuring that even the most vulnerable populations can
19 access essential health services." 

Wolld Health Organization. 18 Dec. 2025. Available at: https://www.who.int/news/item/18-12-2025-who-validatesbrazil-for-eliminating-mother-to-child-transmission-of-hiv (Adapted). Access: 6 Apr. 2026.

Analyze the statements that follow.

 

I. Brazil's achievement is attributed solely to its advanced laboratory technology.
II. Brazil is the first country in the Americas to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
III. The validation process involved independent experts and a global advisory committee.
IV. Brazil's success is partly due to its commitment to providing free and universal healthcare.
V. Eliminating vertical HIV transmission requires pregnant women to have access to testing, treatment, and maternal health services. 

 

Select the alternative in which all statements above are fully and CORRECTLY supported by Text 1.