Questão 40 - UFSM PSS Prova 3 - Tarde 2025

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão

 

9 ways AI is helping tackle climate change

 

[01]    The use of artificial intelligence (AI) can
contribute to the fight against climate change.

    Almost 4 billion people already live in areas
highly vulnerable to climate change, according to

[05] the World Health Organization.

    Here are nine ways AI is already helping to
tackle climate change.

 

1. Icebergs are melting – AI knows where and
how fast

[10]    AI has been trained to measure changes in
icebergs 10,000 times faster than a human could
do it

    This will help scientists understand how much
meltwater icebergs release into the ocean – a 

[15] process accelerating as climate change warms
the atmosphere.

     Scientists at the University of Leeds in the United
Kingdom say their AI can map large Antarctic
icebergs in satellite images in just one-hundredth 

[20] of a second, reports the European Space Agency.

 

2. Mapping deforestation with AI

    AI, satellite images and ecology expertise are
also being used to map the impact of deforestation
on the climate crisis.

[25]    Space Intelligence, a company based in
Edinburgh, Scotland, says it is working in more than
30 countries and has mapped more than 1 million
hectares of land from space using satellite data.
    The company’s technology remotely measures

[30] metrics, such as deforestation rates and how much
carbon is stored in a forest.

 

3. AI is helping communities facing climate risks in Africa 

    In Africa, AI is being used in a United Nations

[35] project to help communities vulnerable to climate
change in Burundi, Chad and Sudan.
    The IKI Project uses AI technology to help predict
weather patterns, so communities and authorities
can better plan how to adapt to climate change and

[40] mitigate its impact. 

    This includes improving access to clean energy,
implementing proper waste management systems
and encouraging reforestation. 

 

4. Using AI to recycle more waste

[45]    Another AI system is helping to tackle climate
change by making waste management more efficient.
    Waste is a big producer of methane and is
responsible for 16% of global greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions, according to the United States 

[50] Environmental Protection Agency.

    Greyparrot, a software startup based in London,
United Kingdom, has developed an AI system that
analyzes waste processing and recycling facilities to
help them recover and recycle more waste material.
[55]    The company tracked 32 billion waste items
across 67 waste categories in 2022, and says it
identifies 86 tonnes of material on average that
could be recovered but is being sent to landfill.

 

5. AI is cleaning up the ocean

[60]    In the Netherlands, an environmental
organization called The Ocean Cleanup is using AI
and other technologies to help clear plastic pollution
from the ocean.
    AI that detects objects is helping the organization
[65] create detailed maps of ocean litter in remote
locations. The ocean waste can then be gathered
and removed, which is more efficient than previous
cleanup methods using trawlers and aeroplanes.
    Plastic pollution contributes to climate change by
[70] emitting GHGs and harming nature.

 

6. AI helps predict climate disasters

    In São Paulo, Brazil, a company called Sipremo is
using AI to predict where and when climate disasters
will occur, and what type of climate disasters they
[75] will be.

    The aim is to help businesses and governments
better prepare for climate change and the growing
challenges for communities that come with it.
    The company works in industries including
[80] insurance, energy, logistics and sport, where its
analysis of disaster conditions and factors such as
air quality can inform decisions on whether to delay
or suspend events.

 

7. A wish list of AI climate tools

[85]    Google DeepMind, Google’s AI research laboratory,
says it is applying AI to help fight climate change in
a number of areas.

    This includes building a complete wish list of
datasets that would advance global AI solutions for
[90] climate change. Google DeepMind is working on this
with Climate Change AI, a non-profit organization
set up by volunteers from academia and industry
who see a key role for machine learning in
combating climate change.
[95]    Other Google AI tools are focused on improving
weather forecasting and increasing the value of
wind energy by better predicting the output from
a wind farm.

 

8. How AI can help industry decarbonize

[100]    AI is being used to help companies in the metal
and mining, oil, and gas industries to decarbonize
their operations.
    Eugenie.ai, based in California, United States,
has developed an emissions-tracking platform that
[105] combines satellite imagery with data from machines
and processes.
    AI then analyzes this data to help companies
track, trace and reduce their emissions by 20-30%.
Industrial sectors generate around 30% of
[110] greenhouse gas emissions globally.

 

9. Reforesting hills in Brazil using drones

    AI-powered computers are pairing up with
drones in Brazil to reforest the hills around the
coastal city of Rio de Janeiro, Reuters reports. The
[115] computers define the targets and number of seeds
to be dropped.
    The initiative, which launched in January 2024, is a
partnership between Rio’s city hall and start-up Morfo,
and aims to grow seeds in hard-to-reach areas.
[120]    A single drone can disperse 180 seed capsules
per minute, which is 100 times faster than using
human hands for traditional reforestation, according
to the local government.

 

The potential of AI in the future

[125]    In the future, generative AI could be used in
contexts such as drug design, architecture and
engineering, the Forum says.
    AI can also be used to improve agriculture and
reduce its environmental impact by processing data
[130] from sensors placed on crops.
    The technologies listed in the report can be used
to help tackle global challenges like the climate
crisis – but more innovation is needed, the authors
point out.

Fonte: MASTERSON, V. 9 ways AI is helping tackle climate change. World Economic Forum, Emerging Technologies. 12 fev., 2024. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 20 ago. 2024. (Adaptado).

Com base nos recursos linguísticos usados para estabelecer relações entre partes do texto, considere as seguintes afirmativas:

 

I  →  “according to” (ℓ. 04) está sendo usado para atribuir autoria.

II  →  “such as” (ℓ. 30) é empregado para introduzir exemplos.

III  →  “so” (ℓ. 38) está sendo empregado para indicar uma finalidade.

IV  →  “more efficient than” (ℓ. 67) tem por objetivo indicar comparação.

 

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