Questões de Inglês

UK scientific advisor says coronavirus unlikely to be eradicated

    The coronavirus will be around for “evermore” as it is unlikely it will be eradicated, a British scientist on the
government’s advisory committee for the pandemic said on Wednesday, although a vaccine would help
improve the situation.
    Britain, like other countries in Europe, is currently in the grip of a resurgence in COVID-19 infections, with
[5] much of the country under local restrictions and more than 21,000 daily cases reported on Tuesday.
    “We are going to have to live with this virus for evermore. There is very little chance that it’s going to
become eradicated,” John Edmunds, a member of Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), told
lawmakers.
    Although the coronavirus will be around indefinitely, Edmunds said that the prospect of a vaccine towards
[10] the end of the winter should impact the government’s strategy now.
    “If vaccines are just around the corner then, in my view, we should try and keep the incidence as low as
we can now, because we will be able to use vaccines in the not too distant future,” he said.
    He said the UK had played a “clever game” in investing in different coronavirus vaccines. Britain has signed
supply deals for six different COVID-19 vaccines, with 340 million doses secured across different types of
[15] technologies.
    “I think we will be in a reasonable position in months,” he said. “I don’t think we’re going to be vaccinating
everybody, but to start, maybe the highest risk people, healthcare workers and so on."

(Adaptado de: SMOUT, Alistair. UK scientific advisor says coronavirus unlikely to be eradicated. In: Reuters. Data de publicação: 21 out. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-britain-sage/uk-scientific-advisor-says-coronavirus-unlikely-to-be-eradicatedidUSKBN276174. Acesso em: 21 out. 2020).

Masterpieces rejected by art critics

Shoe, by Andy Warhol

    Despite severe criticism, famous artists continued
to move forward and pursue their art with the same
passion.
    Art is a struggle – for everyone. Not just because
5 - the creative process involves rigorous mental and
physical effort but also because it is a very difficult
career path to take. With thousands of struggling
creative professionals across the globe trying to
“make it”, pursuing art-making can become very
10 - discouraging. However, the trick is to keep moving
forward despite all the obstacles you face. And when
that becomes hard, it can help to go back and look to the masters for inspiration, artistic and
otherwise.
    Most masters, as we know them now, did not have it as easy as we think. They struggled too,
15 - and more likely than not, a lot more than any of us ever will need to. However, they managed to
look past the rejections and the criticism and focused on their art alone because they believed in
themselves. Here are some of the obstacles that a greatest artist faced in his lifetime to inspire you
to keep moving forward and make you realize that rejection is just a part of the struggle that evolves
you as an artist, not the end of it.
20 -     Andy Warhol was undoubtedly the most unapologetically controversial artist of his time. Critics
thrashed his works as “aesthetic frauds” and criticized him for reducing art to a “hands-off business”.
In 1956, Andy Warhol donated a work of his (Shoe) to the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Soon after, Alfred H. Barr Jr., the Director of the Museum Collections at the time, wrote Warhol
a letter rejecting his (free gift!) work due to “limited gallery and storage space”. “We must turn
25 - down gifts offered since we feel it is not fair to accept as a gift a work which may be shown only
infrequently”, he explained.
    Today, the Museum of Modern Art has 168 of Warhol’s works in their private collection, including
the Shoe.
    We’ve all been there. The very moment you create something, you open yourself up to critique.
30 - Whether or not you ask for it, art criticism can be a hard pill to swallow. Training yourself to accept
and learn from your harshest critics is one of the most difficult – but most rewarding – skills to
develop as an artist. But if the masters could do it, so can you!

TANYA SINGH Adaptado de agora-gallery.com.

Masterpieces rejected by art critics

Shoe, by Andy Warhol

    Despite severe criticism, famous artists continued
to move forward and pursue their art with the same
passion.
    Art is a struggle – for everyone. Not just because
5 - the creative process involves rigorous mental and
physical effort but also because it is a very difficult
career path to take. With thousands of struggling
creative professionals across the globe trying to
“make it”, pursuing art-making can become very
10 - discouraging. However, the trick is to keep moving
forward despite all the obstacles you face. And when
that becomes hard, it can help to go back and look to the masters for inspiration, artistic and
otherwise.
    Most masters, as we know them now, did not have it as easy as we think. They struggled too,
15 - and more likely than not, a lot more than any of us ever will need to. However, they managed to
look past the rejections and the criticism and focused on their art alone because they believed in
themselves. Here are some of the obstacles that a greatest artist faced in his lifetime to inspire you
to keep moving forward and make you realize that rejection is just a part of the struggle that evolves
you as an artist, not the end of it.
20 -     Andy Warhol was undoubtedly the most unapologetically controversial artist of his time. Critics
thrashed his works as “aesthetic frauds” and criticized him for reducing art to a “hands-off business”.
In 1956, Andy Warhol donated a work of his (Shoe) to the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Soon after, Alfred H. Barr Jr., the Director of the Museum Collections at the time, wrote Warhol
a letter rejecting his (free gift!) work due to “limited gallery and storage space”. “We must turn
25 - down gifts offered since we feel it is not fair to accept as a gift a work which may be shown only
infrequently”, he explained.
    Today, the Museum of Modern Art has 168 of Warhol’s works in their private collection, including
the Shoe.
    We’ve all been there. The very moment you create something, you open yourself up to critique.
30 - Whether or not you ask for it, art criticism can be a hard pill to swallow. Training yourself to accept
and learn from your harshest critics is one of the most difficult – but most rewarding – skills to
develop as an artist. But if the masters could do it, so can you!

TANYA SINGH Adaptado de agora-gallery.com.

Masterpieces rejected by art critics

Shoe, by Andy Warhol

    Despite severe criticism, famous artists continued
to move forward and pursue their art with the same
passion.
    Art is a struggle – for everyone. Not just because
5 - the creative process involves rigorous mental and
physical effort but also because it is a very difficult
career path to take. With thousands of struggling
creative professionals across the globe trying to
“make it”, pursuing art-making can become very
10 - discouraging. However, the trick is to keep moving
forward despite all the obstacles you face. And when
that becomes hard, it can help to go back and look to the masters for inspiration, artistic and
otherwise.
    Most masters, as we know them now, did not have it as easy as we think. They struggled too,
15 - and more likely than not, a lot more than any of us ever will need to. However, they managed to
look past the rejections and the criticism and focused on their art alone because they believed in
themselves. Here are some of the obstacles that a greatest artist faced in his lifetime to inspire you
to keep moving forward and make you realize that rejection is just a part of the struggle that evolves
you as an artist, not the end of it.
20 -     Andy Warhol was undoubtedly the most unapologetically controversial artist of his time. Critics
thrashed his works as “aesthetic frauds” and criticized him for reducing art to a “hands-off business”.
In 1956, Andy Warhol donated a work of his (Shoe) to the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Soon after, Alfred H. Barr Jr., the Director of the Museum Collections at the time, wrote Warhol
a letter rejecting his (free gift!) work due to “limited gallery and storage space”. “We must turn
25 - down gifts offered since we feel it is not fair to accept as a gift a work which may be shown only
infrequently”, he explained.
    Today, the Museum of Modern Art has 168 of Warhol’s works in their private collection, including
the Shoe.
    We’ve all been there. The very moment you create something, you open yourself up to critique.
30 - Whether or not you ask for it, art criticism can be a hard pill to swallow. Training yourself to accept
and learn from your harshest critics is one of the most difficult – but most rewarding – skills to
develop as an artist. But if the masters could do it, so can you!

TANYA SINGH Adaptado de agora-gallery.com.

Masterpieces rejected by art critics

Shoe, by Andy Warhol

    Despite severe criticism, famous artists continued
to move forward and pursue their art with the same
passion.
    Art is a struggle – for everyone. Not just because
5 - the creative process involves rigorous mental and
physical effort but also because it is a very difficult
career path to take. With thousands of struggling
creative professionals across the globe trying to
“make it”, pursuing art-making can become very
10 - discouraging. However, the trick is to keep moving
forward despite all the obstacles you face. And when
that becomes hard, it can help to go back and look to the masters for inspiration, artistic and
otherwise.
    Most masters, as we know them now, did not have it as easy as we think. They struggled too,
15 - and more likely than not, a lot more than any of us ever will need to. However, they managed to
look past the rejections and the criticism and focused on their art alone because they believed in
themselves. Here are some of the obstacles that a greatest artist faced in his lifetime to inspire you
to keep moving forward and make you realize that rejection is just a part of the struggle that evolves
you as an artist, not the end of it.
20 -     Andy Warhol was undoubtedly the most unapologetically controversial artist of his time. Critics
thrashed his works as “aesthetic frauds” and criticized him for reducing art to a “hands-off business”.
In 1956, Andy Warhol donated a work of his (Shoe) to the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Soon after, Alfred H. Barr Jr., the Director of the Museum Collections at the time, wrote Warhol
a letter rejecting his (free gift!) work due to “limited gallery and storage space”. “We must turn
25 - down gifts offered since we feel it is not fair to accept as a gift a work which may be shown only
infrequently”, he explained.
    Today, the Museum of Modern Art has 168 of Warhol’s works in their private collection, including
the Shoe.
    We’ve all been there. The very moment you create something, you open yourself up to critique.
30 - Whether or not you ask for it, art criticism can be a hard pill to swallow. Training yourself to accept
and learn from your harshest critics is one of the most difficult – but most rewarding – skills to
develop as an artist. But if the masters could do it, so can you!

TANYA SINGH Adaptado de agora-gallery.com.

TEXT FOR QUESTION

Pain in upper back and neck: how to get relief

    Neck pain is extremely common. In fact, 70% of the population will experience neck pain. In order to better understand neck pain, we must understand the difference between actual neck pain and arm or upper extremity pain. Neck pain is generally considered to be pain which stays in the neck while arm or upper extremity pain is pain which travels down the shoulder, arm, and hand. Pain down the arm also referred to as radicular pain, is generally caused by compression upon the nerve usually as it courses through the spinal canal or as it leaves the spine. This pressure may be caused by a ruptured or herniated disc, or by thickened ligament known as spinal stenosis, or by bone spurs known as osteophytes. When one vertebral body slips upon another, a condition known as spondylolisthesis, the nerve roots leaving the spine may be compressed by the slipped bone.

    Mechanical neck pain may be caused by strain or sprain of the muscles and ligaments connected to the spine. It may also be caused by inflammation of the joints in the spine or by degeneration of the disc spaces located between the vertebral bodies. Fractures of the spine due to trauma result in neck pain as well. Also, tumors and infection of the spine may cause neck pain. Mechanical instability as ____________ in spondylolisthesis may result in neck pain as well.

    It is important for the neurosurgeon to find out the cause of pain in order to treat it accordingly. This ______________ by taking the patient’s history to identify when the pain began, where the pain travels to, the nature of the pain (shooting, stabbing, burning) and what makes the pain better or worse. The neurosurgeon then performs a physical examination and confirms with detailed MRI or CT scans of the spine, as well as x-rays.

(Disponível em https://medium.com/@cdrrahul/neck-pain-causes- -dr-rahul-chaudhari-84d61a802366. Acesso em 19 fev. 2021.)