Questões de Inglês

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    You may want to skip the toppings on your next hot dog, or skip it altogether: Health researchers at the University of Michigan have found that eating a single hot dog could take 36 minutes off your life. In their study, researchers looked at 5,853 foods in the US diet and measured their effects in minutes of healthy life gained or lost. “We wanted to make a health-based evaluation of the beneficial and detrimental impacts of the food in the entire diet,” Olivier Jolliet, professor of environmental health sciences at the university and senior author of the paper, told CNN.

     The team came up with an index that calculates the net beneficial or detrimental health burden in minutes of healthy life associated with a serving of food. It’s based on a study called the Global Burden of Disease, which measures morbidity associated with a person’s food choices. “For example, 0.45 minutes are lost per gram of processed meat, or 0.1 minutes are gained per gram of fruit. We then look at the composition of each food and then multiplied this number by the corresponding food profiles that we previously developed,” said the professor.

     One of the foods researchers measured was a standard beef hot dog on a bun. Its 61 grams of processed meat resulted in the loss of 27 minutes of healthy life, Jolliet said — but when ingredients like sodium and trans fatty acids were factored in, the final value was 36 minutes lost. Consumption of foods such as nuts, legumes, seafood, fruits and nonstarchy vegetables, on the other hand, have positive effects on health, the study found. “The index is primarily there to help aid in selecting and using calories consumed on a daily basis to tweak a minimum of habits and make the minimum of change to obtain a maximum benefit for health and the environment from our food experience,” Jolliet said.

(Lauren M. Johnson. https://edition.cnn.com, 27.08.2021. Adaptado.)

Peter and David were on a train. Peter said, “See that Indian standing on the corner? If you ask him what he had for breakfast ten years ago hell remember.” “O.K.," said David, “Pl ask him.” He walked up to the Indian and said, “What did you have for breakfast ten years ago?” The Indian said, “Eggs." David did not believe the Indian. He thought that anybody could have said that. Ten years later David saw the same Indian he had talked to 10 years before. He walked up to the Indian and said, “How?” The Indian replied, “Scrambled..

Peter and David were on a train. Peter said, “See that Indian standing on the corner? If you ask him what he had for breakfast ten years ago hell remember.” “O.K.," said David, “Pl ask him.” He walked up to the Indian and said, “What did you have for breakfast ten years ago?” The Indian said, “Eggs." David did not believe the Indian. He thought that anybody could have said that. Ten years later David saw the same Indian he had talked to 10 years before. He walked up to the Indian and said, “How?” The Indian replied, “Scrambled..

Peter and David were on a train. Peter said, “See that Indian standing on the corner? If you ask him what he had for breakfast ten years ago hell remember.” “O.K.," said David, “Pl ask him.” He walked up to the Indian and said, “What did you have for breakfast ten years ago?” The Indian said, “Eggs." David did not believe the Indian. He thought that anybody could have said that. Ten years later David saw the same Indian he had talked to 10 years before. He walked up to the Indian and said, “How?” The Indian replied, “Scrambled..

Text for question

    In 1645, a bloody war raged between Dutch settlers and the Portuguese empire over the sugar plantations of north-east Brazil. Trapped on either side of the conflict were the Potiguara, a powerful indigenous nation. They formed two different groups, each with its own leader, and each sided with one of the two European nations. At the
time, their leaders wrote a series of letters in the Tupi language, enticing their relatives to desert their lot and join enemy lines.

    Now, a painstaking new translation of the correspondence has been hailed as a “huge achievement in casting new light on these unique sources written by a native people. The forthcoming publication is the fruit of 30 years of work by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, a specialist in classical indigenous languages at the University of São Paulo.

    The letters were first uncovered in the Dutch archives in 1885, but the texts were blotted and jumbled. Many words were not in existing glossaries of Tupi. avarro spent decades compiling a comprehensive ancient
Tupi dictionary, which helped him fully translate the letters, revealing the desperate efforts of the Potiguara chiefs to save their people from destruction.
 

    “Its hugely exciting to be able to make this contribution to the history of my country,” said Navarro.

Internet: theguardian.com (adapted).

Text for question

    In 1645, a bloody war raged between Dutch settlers and the Portuguese empire over the sugar plantations of north-east Brazil. Trapped on either side of the conflict were the Potiguara, a powerful indigenous nation. They formed two different groups, each with its own leader, and each sided with one of the two European nations. At the
time, their leaders wrote a series of letters in the Tupi language, enticing their relatives to desert their lot and join enemy lines.

    Now, a painstaking new translation of the correspondence has been hailed as a “huge achievement in casting new light on these unique sources written by a native people. The forthcoming publication is the fruit of 30 years of work by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, a specialist in classical indigenous languages at the University of São Paulo.

    The letters were first uncovered in the Dutch archives in 1885, but the texts were blotted and jumbled. Many words were not in existing glossaries of Tupi. avarro spent decades compiling a comprehensive ancient
Tupi dictionary, which helped him fully translate the letters, revealing the desperate efforts of the Potiguara chiefs to save their people from destruction.
 

    “Its hugely exciting to be able to make this contribution to the history of my country,” said Navarro.

Internet: theguardian.com (adapted).