Questões de Inglês

Prescription opioids are powerful pain-reducing medications and have both benefits as well as potentially serious risks. However, too many Americans have been impacted by the serious harms associated with these medications, and despite ongoing efforts, the scope of the opioid crisis continues to grow.

 

The FDA is advancing efforts to address the crisis of misuse and abuse of opioid drugs harming families.

 

Reducing the number of Americans who are addicted to opioids and cutting the rate of new addiction is one of the FDA’s highest priorities.

 

We must do everything possible to address the human toll caused by opioid use disorder and help those suffering from addiction by expanding access to lifesaving treatment.

Adaptado de: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/information-drugclass/opioid-medications Acessado em 15 de abril de 2022.

 

According to the text, one can assert that

Scientists have developed a new technique for rejuvenating skin cells. This technique has allowed researchers to rewind the cellular biological clock by around 30 years according to molecular measures, significantly longer than previous reprogramming methods. The partially rejuvenated cells showed signs of behaving more like youthful cells in experiments simulating a skin wound. This research, although in early stages, could eventually have implications for regenerative medicine, especially if it can be replicated in other cell types.

Adaptado de: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220408083901.ht m Acessado em 15 de abril de 2022.

 

O sonho do rejuvenescimento é antigo, mas agora

The chart bellow

TEXTO

 

Man’s severe migraines ‘completely eliminated’ on plant-based diet

 

Health experts are calling for more research into diet and migraines after doctors revealed a patient who had suffered severe and debilitating headaches for more than a decade completely eliminated them after adopting a plant-based diet.

He had tried prescribed medication, yoga and meditation, and cut out potential trigger foods in an effort to reduce the severity and frequency of his severe headaches – but nothing worked. The migraines made it almost impossible to perform his job, he said.

But within a month of starting a plant-based diet that included lots of dark-green leafy vegetables, his migraines disappeared. The man has not had a migraine in more than seven years, and cannot remember the last time he had a headache. The case was reported in the journal BMJ Case Reports.

Doctors in the US who treated the photographer suggested it might be worth adopting a plantbased diet to ease the symptoms of chronic migraine.

But other independent experts cautioned that because the report was a single case it was impossible to generalise the finding and should not be taken as a solution for all people with migraines.

More than a billion people worldwide experience migraines. While drugs can help prevent and treat them, a growing body of evidence suggests diet may also offer an effective alternative without any of the side effects associated with some of the drugs, the report’s authors said.

(…)

The report’s authors advised the man to adopt the Low Inflammatory Foods Everyday (Life) diet, a nutrient-dense, whole food, plant-based diet.

It includes eating at least five ounces (142g) by weight of raw or cooked dark green leafy vegetables every day, drinking one 32-ounce (946ml) daily green smoothie, and limiting intake of whole grains, starchy vegetables, oils, and animal protein, particularly dairy and red meat.

(…)

O texto menciona a opinião de alguns especialistas que fazem certas advertências com relação ao estudo de caso publicado.

 

Assinale a alternativa que melhor resume a opinião de tais profissionais.

TEXTO

 

Man’s severe migraines ‘completely eliminated’ on plant-based diet

 

Health experts are calling for more research into diet and migraines after doctors revealed a patient who had suffered severe and debilitating headaches for more than a decade completely eliminated them after adopting a plant-based diet.

He had tried prescribed medication, yoga and meditation, and cut out potential trigger foods in an effort to reduce the severity and frequency of his severe headaches – but nothing worked. The migraines made it almost impossible to perform his job, he said.

But within a month of starting a plant-based diet that included lots of dark-green leafy vegetables, his migraines disappeared. The man has not had a migraine in more than seven years, and cannot remember the last time he had a headache. The case was reported in the journal BMJ Case Reports.

Doctors in the US who treated the photographer suggested it might be worth adopting a plantbased diet to ease the symptoms of chronic migraine.

But other independent experts cautioned that because the report was a single case it was impossible to generalise the finding and should not be taken as a solution for all people with migraines.

More than a billion people worldwide experience migraines. While drugs can help prevent and treat them, a growing body of evidence suggests diet may also offer an effective alternative without any of the side effects associated with some of the drugs, the report’s authors said.

(…)

The report’s authors advised the man to adopt the Low Inflammatory Foods Everyday (Life) diet, a nutrient-dense, whole food, plant-based diet.

It includes eating at least five ounces (142g) by weight of raw or cooked dark green leafy vegetables every day, drinking one 32-ounce (946ml) daily green smoothie, and limiting intake of whole grains, starchy vegetables, oils, and animal protein, particularly dairy and red meat.

(…)

O texto fala sobre o caso de um homem que sofria de enxaqueca.

 

Assinale a alternativa que NÃO apresenta uma ação praticada por esse homem na tentativa de acabar com o incômodo ou minimizar as dores de cabeça constantes.

Para responder à questão.

 

TEXTO I

 

New HIV jabs taken two months apart hailed as huge step forward

Safe injectable antiretroviral drugs, approved by health bodies, ‘could lift burden of daily oral therapy’

 

Thousands of people living with HIV in Britain are to be freed from the burden of taking daily pills, after health chiefs gave the green light for a revolutionary treatment by injection every two months.

Draft guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) recommends offering the antiretroviral drugs cabotegravir and rilpivirine in England and Wales after trials proved they work as effectively as daily tablets.

The Scottish Medicines Consortium has also approved the injections for adults living with HIV in Scotland.

Although HIV, which attacks the immune system, is still incurable, researchers found that patients who had the new treatment could reach a point where the virus particles in their blood (the viral load) were so low those particles could not be detected or transmitted between people.

(…)

The treatment is the first long-acting, injectable treatment for adults with HIV. It is also the first recommendation Nice has made about the use of HIV treatments since they came under its remit two years ago.

Cabotegravir with rilpivirine is now being recommended as an option for adults with HIV infection when antiretroviral medicines they are already taking have kept the virus at a low level, and where there is no evidence to suspect viral resistance and no previous failure of other antiHIV medicines.

About 100,000 people have HIV in Britain. It is estimated that initially at least 13,000 people will be eligible for the new jab in England alone.

At present treatment for HIV involves life-long antiretroviral regimens taken as tablets every day. Clinical trial results show cabotegravir with rilpivirine is as effective as oral drugs at keeping the viral load low. The antiretrovirals are administered as two separate injections every two months. (…)

A treatment only required six times a year will make taking medicine easier for some people, and is more discreet for those who feel unable to be open about their HIV status. Experts say removing the need to take pills every single day may also lessen the emotional toll of living with HIV, and improve the numbers of people who adhere to their treatment regime.

(…)

Source:https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/nov/18/new-hivjabs-taken-two-months-apart-hailed-as-huge-step-forward. Access: 11/22/2021.

Observe o seguinte excerto retirado do texto: “Although HIV, which attacks the immune system, is still incurable, researchers found that patients who had the new treatment could reach a point where the virus particles in their blood (the viral load) were so low those particles could not be detected or transmitted between people.” Assinale a alternativa que melhor descreve o uso do verbo “could”.