Questões de Inglês

TEXTO:

 

Scientists are one step closer to delaying aging By Amy Woodyatt, CNN

Updated 2305 GMT (0705 HKT) July 21, 2020

 

    (CNN)Getting old is inevitable, but scientists at
the University of California San Diego (UCSD) may
be one step closer to being able to delay the aging
process.
[5]     A team of scientists studied aging in yeast —
chosen because its cells are easily manipulated — to
try to understand if different cells age at the same rate,
and for the same reason.
    What they found was intriguing. Even cells
[10] made of the same genetic materials and within the
same environment aged in "strikingly distinct ways,"
according to the scientists, who published their
findings in the journal Science.
    About half of the yeast cells aged because of a
[15] gradual decline in the nucleolus, a round body located
in the nucleus of a cell, the scientists learned, by
using techniques including microfluidics and computer
modeling.
    However, the other half aged because of a
[20] dysfunction of mitochondria, which produce a cell's
energy.
    Scientists said that the cells go down one of two
paths — nuclear or mitochondrial — early in life, and
they continue with the aging route until they ultimately
[25] decline and die.
    Researchers performed further tests to
understand how the cells behaved.
    "To understand how cells make these decisions,
we identified the molecular processes underlying
[30] each aging route and the connections among them,
revealing a molecular circuit that controls cell aging,
analogous to electric circuits that control home
appliances," said Nan Hao, senior author of the study
and an associate professor in UCSD's division of
[35] biological sciences' molecular biology section.
    After modeling the "aging landscape," the team
of researchers found they could manipulate — and
optimize — the process of aging, using computer
simulations to reprogram the master circuit and modify
[40] its DNA.
    They were then able to create a "novel aging
route," with a dramatically extended lifespan. This,
researchers believe, could ultimately lead to the
possibility of delaying human aging.
[45]     "This is an aging path that never existed, but
because we understand how it is regulated, we can
basically design or a new aging path," Hao.

Disponível em: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/21/health/slowaging-intl-scli-scn/index.html. Acesso em: 6 out 2021.

Scientists have discovered that

TEXTO:

 

Scientists are one step closer to delaying aging By Amy Woodyatt, CNN

Updated 2305 GMT (0705 HKT) July 21, 2020

 

    (CNN)Getting old is inevitable, but scientists at
the University of California San Diego (UCSD) may
be one step closer to being able to delay the aging
process.
[5]     A team of scientists studied aging in yeast —
chosen because its cells are easily manipulated — to
try to understand if different cells age at the same rate,
and for the same reason.
    What they found was intriguing. Even cells
[10] made of the same genetic materials and within the
same environment aged in "strikingly distinct ways,"
according to the scientists, who published their
findings in the journal Science.
    About half of the yeast cells aged because of a
[15] gradual decline in the nucleolus, a round body located
in the nucleus of a cell, the scientists learned, by
using techniques including microfluidics and computer
modeling.
    However, the other half aged because of a
[20] dysfunction of mitochondria, which produce a cell's
energy.
    Scientists said that the cells go down one of two
paths — nuclear or mitochondrial — early in life, and
they continue with the aging route until they ultimately
[25] decline and die.
    Researchers performed further tests to
understand how the cells behaved.
    "To understand how cells make these decisions,
we identified the molecular processes underlying
[30] each aging route and the connections among them,
revealing a molecular circuit that controls cell aging,
analogous to electric circuits that control home
appliances," said Nan Hao, senior author of the study
and an associate professor in UCSD's division of
[35] biological sciences' molecular biology section.
    After modeling the "aging landscape," the team
of researchers found they could manipulate — and
optimize — the process of aging, using computer
simulations to reprogram the master circuit and modify
[40] its DNA.
    They were then able to create a "novel aging
route," with a dramatically extended lifespan. This,
researchers believe, could ultimately lead to the
possibility of delaying human aging.
[45]     "This is an aging path that never existed, but
because we understand how it is regulated, we can
basically design or a new aging path," Hao.

Disponível em: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/21/health/slowaging-intl-scli-scn/index.html. Acesso em: 6 out 2021.

According to the text, it is correct to state that

TEXTO:

 

Scientists are one step closer to delaying aging By Amy Woodyatt, CNN

Updated 2305 GMT (0705 HKT) July 21, 2020

 

    (CNN)Getting old is inevitable, but scientists at
the University of California San Diego (UCSD) may
be one step closer to being able to delay the aging
process.
[5]     A team of scientists studied aging in yeast —
chosen because its cells are easily manipulated — to
try to understand if different cells age at the same rate,
and for the same reason.
    What they found was intriguing. Even cells
[10] made of the same genetic materials and within the
same environment aged in "strikingly distinct ways,"
according to the scientists, who published their
findings in the journal Science.
    About half of the yeast cells aged because of a
[15] gradual decline in the nucleolus, a round body located
in the nucleus of a cell, the scientists learned, by
using techniques including microfluidics and computer
modeling.
    However, the other half aged because of a
[20] dysfunction of mitochondria, which produce a cell's
energy.
    Scientists said that the cells go down one of two
paths — nuclear or mitochondrial — early in life, and
they continue with the aging route until they ultimately
[25] decline and die.
    Researchers performed further tests to
understand how the cells behaved.
    "To understand how cells make these decisions,
we identified the molecular processes underlying
[30] each aging route and the connections among them,
revealing a molecular circuit that controls cell aging,
analogous to electric circuits that control home
appliances," said Nan Hao, senior author of the study
and an associate professor in UCSD's division of
[35] biological sciences' molecular biology section.
    After modeling the "aging landscape," the team
of researchers found they could manipulate — and
optimize — the process of aging, using computer
simulations to reprogram the master circuit and modify
[40] its DNA.
    They were then able to create a "novel aging
route," with a dramatically extended lifespan. This,
researchers believe, could ultimately lead to the
possibility of delaying human aging.
[45]     "This is an aging path that never existed, but
because we understand how it is regulated, we can
basically design or a new aging path," Hao.

Disponível em: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/21/health/slowaging-intl-scli-scn/index.html. Acesso em: 6 out 2021.

From the title of the text, you can infer that

Read the cartoon.

The doctor asked the patient what fitted better into his busy schedule. What does the verb to fit mean, in this context?

Read the text to answer questions.

 

It’s easy to see and feel how your body benefits from regular exercise – a healthy weight, toned muscles, increased energy. What is not as easy to see – although just as real – are the ways regular exercise benefits your brain health. […]

Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to enlarge the part of the brain involved with verbal memory and learning. It also reduces inflammation and stimulates chemicals that affect the health and growth of cells and blood vessels in the brain. Exercise can reduce stress and anxiety, leading to better moods and improved sleep, which are also pillars for brain health. Can you say magic wonder drug?

A recent small study has even suggested that performing physical activity, such as riding a stationary bike, while learning something new, like a foreign language, yields better results. The study of 40 undergraduate students who spoke Chinese as a first language looked at how riding a bike while being taught English vocabulary words affected the participants’ learning process. The physical activity while learning something new helped both in the short-term ability to learn and the long-term ability to retain the information. […]

When you do aerobic exercise, also known as “cardio,” your heart rate and your breathing increase. Older adults who are in generally good health should get at least 150 minutes (2.5 hours) of moderate intensity aerobic exercise each week, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Moderate intensity means you can talk but not sing while exercising.

Combining aerobic activities with strength, flexibility and balance training makes for the optimal brain health exercise routine.

Available at: https://healthybrains.org/pump-brain-exercise/. Accessed on: Aug. 28, 2021. [Fragment]

According to the text, regular aerobic exercise appears to

Read the text to answer questions.

 

It’s easy to see and feel how your body benefits from regular exercise – a healthy weight, toned muscles, increased energy. What is not as easy to see – although just as real – are the ways regular exercise benefits your brain health. […]

Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to enlarge the part of the brain involved with verbal memory and learning. It also reduces inflammation and stimulates chemicals that affect the health and growth of cells and blood vessels in the brain. Exercise can reduce stress and anxiety, leading to better moods and improved sleep, which are also pillars for brain health. Can you say magic wonder drug?

A recent small study has even suggested that performing physical activity, such as riding a stationary bike, while learning something new, like a foreign language, yields better results. The study of 40 undergraduate students who spoke Chinese as a first language looked at how riding a bike while being taught English vocabulary words affected the participants’ learning process. The physical activity while learning something new helped both in the short-term ability to learn and the long-term ability to retain the information. […]

When you do aerobic exercise, also known as “cardio,” your heart rate and your breathing increase. Older adults who are in generally good health should get at least 150 minutes (2.5 hours) of moderate intensity aerobic exercise each week, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Moderate intensity means you can talk but not sing while exercising.

Combining aerobic activities with strength, flexibility and balance training makes for the optimal brain health exercise routine.

Available at: https://healthybrains.org/pump-brain-exercise/. Accessed on: Aug. 28, 2021. [Fragment]

The best title for this text is