Questões de Inglês

O meme em questão é conhecido, na Internet, como expectations vs reality, usado quando queremos contrastar o ideal com o real. Ao fazermos uma análise da linguagem, percebemos que o item look like é posto com frequência nesses tipos de memes. Analise as afirmações e assinale a alternativa correta sobre a veracidade das mesmas.

 

( ) Look like é um verbo simples que significa "por exemplo".

( ) Look like é sempre usado em final de sentenças, pois é uma preposição.

( ) Look like é classificado como um phrasal verb, pois possui um verbo e uma preposição.

( ) Look like é usado quando comparamos algo ou alguém por meio da similaridade.

Expectations vs. Reality: Dismantling The Trap* by Kinga Lewandowska

*[Abridged text]

 

Expectations live in everything we do and everyone we meet, in our conscious and subconscious mind, in the atmosphere of places, interactions, and circumstances. They might bring good energy, serve as motivation, or a sign of ambition. After all, we need to expect from ourselves a bit more every time we want to achieve new goals.

Yet, more often than not, expectations are sticky, problematic, and act more like a trap than a push forward.

 

To break free from the cage we first need to understand its structure. The ironclad bars are sturdy and bent in different directions because each has been installed by someone or something over years and years of conditioning and pressure. We can place these bars in three categories:

Others’ expectations of us.

Our expectations of others.

Our expectations of ourselves.

 

We form them based on our knowledge of the world, our experiences at school, at home, or at work. We observe our friends, family, and acquaintances, and we build a net of our own hopes around other people. Various cultural traditions deserve a mention as well. Then we add a dimension of the mass media (social media leading the way), advertising, reviews, and online opinions. Enter the burden of comparison. We are bombarded with expectations from every possible angle, even from within.

Fonte:https://www.intelligentchange.com/blogs/read/expe ctations-vs-reality

O tema da expectativa é explorado em diversas esferas da atividade humana: filosofia, economia, sociologia, linguística, biologia e afins. É, também, usado como tema para músicas de diversos gêneros, principalmente na música pop. A cantora estadunidense, Beyoncé, em 2008, lança o álbum I am... Sasha Fierce. Em uma das músicas, a cantora diz:

 

If I were a boy
I think I could understand
How it feels to love a girl
I swear I'd be a better man
I'd listen to her
Cause I know how it hurts
When you lose the one you wanted Cause he's
taken you for granted
And everything you had got destroyed

 

Na língua inglesa, dispomos de estruturas gramaticais de tempo verbal para expressar expectativas, tanto aquelas que foram alcançadas quanto as que não foram. Sobre este uso, analise as proposições a seguir.

A oração em negrito está no modo subjuntivo.

 

PORQUE

 

Existe a presença de um verbo no presente na oração em negrito.

Expectations vs. Reality: Dismantling The Trap* by Kinga Lewandowska

*[Abridged text]

 

Expectations live in everything we do and everyone we meet, in our conscious and subconscious mind, in the atmosphere of places, interactions, and circumstances. They might bring good energy, serve as motivation, or a sign of ambition. After all, we need to expect from ourselves a bit more every time we want to achieve new goals.

Yet, more often than not, expectations are sticky, problematic, and act more like a trap than a push forward.

 

To break free from the cage we first need to understand its structure. The ironclad bars are sturdy and bent in different directions because each has been installed by someone or something over years and years of conditioning and pressure. We can place these bars in three categories:

Others’ expectations of us.

Our expectations of others.

Our expectations of ourselves.

 

We form them based on our knowledge of the world, our experiences at school, at home, or at work. We observe our friends, family, and acquaintances, and we build a net of our own hopes around other people. Various cultural traditions deserve a mention as well. Then we add a dimension of the mass media (social media leading the way), advertising, reviews, and online opinions. Enter the burden of comparison. We are bombarded with expectations from every possible angle, even from within.

Fonte:https://www.intelligentchange.com/blogs/read/expe ctations-vs-reality

Sobre os elementos de coesão utilizados por Kinga Lewandowska, em seu texto sobre a relação das expectativas com a realidade, analise as seguintes asserções, e considere-as verdadeiras ou falsas.

 

( ) Na sentença Yet, more often than not, expectations are sticky, problematic, and act more like a trap than a push forward, o item em negrito possui o mesmo sentido que nevertheless.

( ) O item after all serve para adicionar uma informação que auxilia na explicação de algo que já foi dito, como na sentença After all, we need to expect from ourselves a bit more every time we want to achieve new goals.

 ( ) O uso do conetivo then na sentença Then we add a dimension of the mass media (social media leading the way), advertising, reviews, and online opinions funciona para adicionar uma outra informação, no caso, a dimensão da mídia de massa.

 

A alternativa que apresenta a sequência correta é:

THE POWER OF PETS

 

1st § Research on human-animal interactions is still relatively new, but they have already
shown positive health effects. Interacting with animals has proved to decrease levels
of cortisol – a stress-related hormone – and lower blood pressure. Other than that,
pets may also decrease stress, improve heart health, and even help children with
their emotional and social skills.

2nd § Dogs are sometimes brought into hospitals or nursing homes to help reduce patients’
stress and anxiety. “They are very present. If someone is struggling with something,
they know how to sit there and be loving,” says Dr. Ann Berger, a physician and
researcher at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. “Their attention is
focused on the person all the time.”

3rd §Berger works with people who have cancer and terminal illnesses. She teaches them
about mindfulness to help decrease stress and manage pain. “The foundations of
mindfulness include attention, intention, compassion, and awareness,” Berger says.
“All of those are things that animals bring to the table. People kind of have to learn it.
Animals do this innately.”

4th § “There’s not one single answer about how a pet can help somebody with a specific
condition,” explains Dr. Layla Esposito, who oversees NIH’s Human-Animal
Interaction Research Program. NIH is funding large-scale surveys to find out the
range of pets people live with and how their relationships with their pets relate to
health. “We’re trying to tap into the subjective quality of the relationship with the
animal – that part of the bond that people feel with animals – and how that translates
into some of the health benefits,” explains Dr. James Griffin, a child development
expert at NIH.

Adapted from: https://newsinhealth.nih.gov. Accessed 20 April 2022.

The article talks about the positive effects of the human-animal bond on health.

 

The conclusion is that although much has been evidenced,

THE POWER OF PETS

 

1st § Research on human-animal interactions is still relatively new, but they have already
shown positive health effects. Interacting with animals has proved to decrease levels
of cortisol – a stress-related hormone – and lower blood pressure. Other than that,
pets may also decrease stress, improve heart health, and even help children with
their emotional and social skills.

2nd § Dogs are sometimes brought into hospitals or nursing homes to help reduce patients’
stress and anxiety. “They are very present. If someone is struggling with something,
they know how to sit there and be loving,” says Dr. Ann Berger, a physician and
researcher at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. “Their attention is
focused on the person all the time.”

3rd §Berger works with people who have cancer and terminal illnesses. She teaches them
about mindfulness to help decrease stress and manage pain. “The foundations of
mindfulness include attention, intention, compassion, and awareness,” Berger says.
“All of those are things that animals bring to the table. People kind of have to learn it.
Animals do this innately.”

4th § “There’s not one single answer about how a pet can help somebody with a specific
condition,” explains Dr. Layla Esposito, who oversees NIH’s Human-Animal
Interaction Research Program. NIH is funding large-scale surveys to find out the
range of pets people live with and how their relationships with their pets relate to
health. “We’re trying to tap into the subjective quality of the relationship with the
animal – that part of the bond that people feel with animals – and how that translates
into some of the health benefits,” explains Dr. James Griffin, a child development
expert at NIH.

Adapted from: https://newsinhealth.nih.gov. Accessed 20 April 2022.

Considering human-animal interactions, the main purpose of paragraph 1 is to state the following:

Good oral health leads to general overall better health: How strokes may be preventable with oral care

 

1.º§     COLUMBIA, S.C. (WIS) - Neurologists at Prisma Health published results of a 17- year-long study of the potential link between oral health and stroke risk. A group of 9,666 patients was followed to study the relationship between gum disease severity and atrial fibrillation, an irregular heartbeat condition that doctors say is a huge risk factor for strokes. “We found that those who went to the dentist regularly – their risk of developing atrial fibrillation was almost 20% lower,” said Dr. Souvik Sen, researcher and Chair of Neurology at Prisma Health.

 

2.º§     Strokes are the third leading cause of death in South Carolina. The state is considered part of the Stroke Belt, a band of 11 southeastern states that exhibit higher rates of stroke mortalities. South Carolina is the buckle of the stroke belt, along with North Carolina and Georgia, and the buckle displays higher stroke mortality than other states in the country.

 

3.º§     Scruggs says the best way to maintain oral hygiene is to have a good routine at home of brushing twice a day and flossing once per day. Dentists say coming for dental checkups every six months is crucial for diagnosing gum disease and other issues. “Good oral health leads to general overall better health,” Sen said. “I think the 2 are very strongly tied to each other. Obviously, stroke is just one of them. There are other factors linked with oral health that would probably benefit as well.”

 

4.º§     “Gum disease is a painless problem that doesn’t have symptoms usually. The maintenance is the most important part because you really don’t know you have it until you have it – until you come in and it’s actually diagnosed,” said Dr. Caroline Hartley, a dentist at Southern Shores Dental.

 

5.º§      Sen says the study is in clinical trials and should wrap up by the end of this year. He says he expects to have the results of the study ready by early 2022.

Adapted from WISTV. Available at: https://www.wistv.com. Accessed 17 September 2021.

The purpose of the piece of news is: