Questões de Inglês

Examine o gráfico e o mapa e leia o texto para responder à questão.

 

In March 2022, parts of Antarctica have been 40 ºC warmer than their March average

    The Concordia research station is one of the most inhospitable places on Earth. At 3,000m above sea level on the Antarctic Plateau, the temperature rarely rises above -25 ºC even in the summer. In midwinter it can fall to around -80 ºC. The air is painfully dry, and fingers, toes and noses can freeze in minutes. The dozen or so crew, mainly French and Italian, who live and work in the station would normally venture out only for essential work. But Concordia has recently experienced a heatwave. On March 18th the temperature reached a high of -11.8 ºC — more than 40 ºC warmer than the average for this time of year.

    Similarly freakish weather was recorded across eastern Antarctica. Temperatures at the Russian-run Vostok research station rose to -17.7 ºC, more than 15 ºC above the previous record for March, set in 1967. Across the continent temperatures were 4.5 ºC higher than usual (though in recent days they have returned to a normal range).

    Meteorologists have attributed the latest heatwave to an atmospheric “river” of warm, damp air blowing towards Antarctica from the Southern Ocean near Australia. It is difficult to know whether climate change is to blame for one-off weather events. But over the past 65 years or so there has been an increase in the number of “high temperature” days at Antarctic stations.

    Most regions of Antarctica have been spared global warming. In the late 20th century, a large hole opened up in the ozone layer above the South Pole. This has a regional cooling effect, which has offset much of the heating caused by rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Temperatures on the continent rarely climb above freezing, which preserves its vast ice sheets (although rising sea temperatures do threaten some areas). Even in the recent surge, temperatures stayed well below zero.

(www.economist.com, 24.03.2022. Adaptado.)

As informações apresentadas pelo gráfico também podem ser encontradas

Examine o gráfico e o mapa e leia o texto para responder à questão.

 

In March 2022, parts of Antarctica have been 40 ºC warmer than their March average

    The Concordia research station is one of the most inhospitable places on Earth. At 3,000m above sea level on the Antarctic Plateau, the temperature rarely rises above -25 ºC even in the summer. In midwinter it can fall to around -80 ºC. The air is painfully dry, and fingers, toes and noses can freeze in minutes. The dozen or so crew, mainly French and Italian, who live and work in the station would normally venture out only for essential work. But Concordia has recently experienced a heatwave. On March 18th the temperature reached a high of -11.8 ºC — more than 40 ºC warmer than the average for this time of year.

    Similarly freakish weather was recorded across eastern Antarctica. Temperatures at the Russian-run Vostok research station rose to -17.7 ºC, more than 15 ºC above the previous record for March, set in 1967. Across the continent temperatures were 4.5 ºC higher than usual (though in recent days they have returned to a normal range).

    Meteorologists have attributed the latest heatwave to an atmospheric “river” of warm, damp air blowing towards Antarctica from the Southern Ocean near Australia. It is difficult to know whether climate change is to blame for one-off weather events. But over the past 65 years or so there has been an increase in the number of “high temperature” days at Antarctic stations.

    Most regions of Antarctica have been spared global warming. In the late 20th century, a large hole opened up in the ozone layer above the South Pole. This has a regional cooling effect, which has offset much of the heating caused by rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Temperatures on the continent rarely climb above freezing, which preserves its vast ice sheets (although rising sea temperatures do threaten some areas). Even in the recent surge, temperatures stayed well below zero.

(www.economist.com, 24.03.2022. Adaptado.)

The information presented by the graph, the map and the text show that in March 2022

    The literary principle according to which the writing and criticism of poetry and drama were to be guided by rules and precedents derived from the best ancient Greek and Roman authors; a codified form of classicism that dominated French literature in the 17th and 18th centuries, with a significant influence on English writing, especially from c.1660 to c.1780. In a more general sense, often employed in contrast with romanticism, the term has also been used to describe the characteristic world-view or value-system of this “Age of Reason”, denoting a preference for rationality, clarity, restraint, order, and decorum, and for general truths rather than particular insights.

(Chris Baldick. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, 2001.)

 

O termo literário a que o texto se refere é o

Examine o cartum de Paul Noth, publicado pela revista The New Yorker em 18.02.2021.

“Of course you feel great. These things are loaded with antidepressants.”

 

O cartum ironiza, sobretudo, um problema de

O Coronavirus Resource Center (CRC) da Johns Hopkins University é uma importante plataforma de dados sobre a COVID-19, com atualizações frequentes sobre a evolução da pandemia. Os gráficos apresentados nas alternativas que respondem a esta questão foram retirados desta plataforma. Considere, agora, o contexto fictício de uma palestra ministrada em uma universidade estrangeira por um pesquisador brasileiro. Na ocasião, o cientista fez comentários sobre a situação da pandemia no Brasil, valendo-se de dados da plataforma do CRC:

 

“As I speak now, in June of 2022, I can say we’ve had a tough time during these past two years in our country. This chart, indicating the number of daily deaths over time, shows how we’ve had a couple of months during the pandemic in which the number of daily deaths was over two thousand. Despite having the number of deaths spike to 3 thousand last year – our highest peak to date – levels had been steadily decreasing ever since. This year, though, there was a slight increase in the number of daily deaths, which nearly reached levels attained towards the beginning of the pandemic.”

(Fonte dos gráficos: https://coronavirus.jhu.edu. Acesso em 11/06/2022.)

 

Qual dos gráficos a seguir ilustraria corretamente a fala do pesquisador?

Leia, a seguir, parte de um discurso da abolicionista estadunidense Sojourner Truth, feito em 1851.

 

“I think that ‘twixt the negroes of the South and the women at the North, all talking about rights, the white men will be in a fix pretty soon. But what’s all this here talking about? That man over there says that women need to be helped into carriages, and lifted over ditches, and to have the best place everywhere. Nobody ever helps me into carriages, or over mud-puddles, or gives me any best place! And ain’t I a woman? Look at me! Look at my arm! I have ploughed and planted, and gathered into barns, and no man could head me! And ain’t I a woman? I could work as much and eat as much as a man – when I could get it – and bear the lash as well! And ain’t I a woman? I have borne thirteen children, and seen most all sold off to slavery, and when I cried out with my mother’s grief, none but Jesus heard me! And ain’t I a woman? (…)”

(Disponível em: https://www.nps.gov/articles/sojourner-truth.htm. Acesso em 24/05/2022.)

 

Ao longo do discurso, Sojourner Truth repete a mesma pergunta com a finalidade de