Questões de Inglês

TEXTO

TELEMEDICINE WIDELY VIEWED AS AN EFFECTIVE MEANS FOR DELIVERING CARE

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Jul 25 2022

After experiencing a rapid expansion early in the COVID-19 pandemic, a new survey indicates that
telemedicine is now widely viewed as an effective means for delivering care. In results published online on
June 15 in NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, a majority of respondents credited telemedicine with
improving patient health, providing good quality care and increasing access for vulnerable populations.
[5] However, the results also point to challenges that must be addressed as this field becomes more established.

According to the survey, 84 percent in the United States agreed that telemedicine increased access for
vulnerable populations – a result that reflects the ability of telemedicine to reach people who would
otherwise go without care, according to Dr. Sharma (professor and chair of emergency medicine at Weill
Cornell Medicine). Despite this encouraging statistic, disparities remain. Access to telemedicine – for reasons
[10] ranging from language barriers to lack of high-speed internet connection – ranked as the number one
challenge facing the field.

The results also highlighted other areas for improvement. While in-person care is evaluated using quality
metrics, such as rates of infections, these measures are much less common in telemedicine. Only 28
percent of U.S. respondents said their organizations currently apply quality metrics to telemedicine, while
[15] approximately 38 percent say their institution offers training on how to, for example, perform an exam
remotely.

“This global report demonstrates a clear need for telemedicine beyond the pandemic setting,” Dr. Sharma
said. “It also drives home that this modality, like any other in health care, must meet expectations of quality,
training and access, and standards of care. Essentially, this service cannot be an afterthought. It requires a
[20] comprehensive approach to get it right and to make a meaningful impact.”

Adapted from news-medical.net. Accessed August 22 2022.

TEXTO

TELEMEDICINE WIDELY VIEWED AS AN EFFECTIVE MEANS FOR DELIVERING CARE

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Jul 25 2022

After experiencing a rapid expansion early in the COVID-19 pandemic, a new survey indicates that
telemedicine is now widely viewed as an effective means for delivering care. In results published online on
June 15 in NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, a majority of respondents credited telemedicine with
improving patient health, providing good quality care and increasing access for vulnerable populations.
[5] However, the results also point to challenges that must be addressed as this field becomes more established.

According to the survey, 84 percent in the United States agreed that telemedicine increased access for
vulnerable populations – a result that reflects the ability of telemedicine to reach people who would
otherwise go without care, according to Dr. Sharma (professor and chair of emergency medicine at Weill
Cornell Medicine). Despite this encouraging statistic, disparities remain. Access to telemedicine – for reasons
[10] ranging from language barriers to lack of high-speed internet connection – ranked as the number one
challenge facing the field.

The results also highlighted other areas for improvement. While in-person care is evaluated using quality
metrics, such as rates of infections, these measures are much less common in telemedicine. Only 28
percent of U.S. respondents said their organizations currently apply quality metrics to telemedicine, while
[15] approximately 38 percent say their institution offers training on how to, for example, perform an exam
remotely.

“This global report demonstrates a clear need for telemedicine beyond the pandemic setting,” Dr. Sharma
said. “It also drives home that this modality, like any other in health care, must meet expectations of quality,
training and access, and standards of care. Essentially, this service cannot be an afterthought. It requires a
[20] comprehensive approach to get it right and to make a meaningful impact.”

Adapted from news-medical.net. Accessed August 22 2022.

TEXTO

TELEMEDICINE WIDELY VIEWED AS AN EFFECTIVE MEANS FOR DELIVERING CARE

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Jul 25 2022

After experiencing a rapid expansion early in the COVID-19 pandemic, a new survey indicates that
telemedicine is now widely viewed as an effective means for delivering care. In results published online on
June 15 in NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, a majority of respondents credited telemedicine with
improving patient health, providing good quality care and increasing access for vulnerable populations.
[5] However, the results also point to challenges that must be addressed as this field becomes more established.

According to the survey, 84 percent in the United States agreed that telemedicine increased access for
vulnerable populations – a result that reflects the ability of telemedicine to reach people who would
otherwise go without care, according to Dr. Sharma (professor and chair of emergency medicine at Weill
Cornell Medicine). Despite this encouraging statistic, disparities remain. Access to telemedicine – for reasons
[10] ranging from language barriers to lack of high-speed internet connection – ranked as the number one
challenge facing the field.

The results also highlighted other areas for improvement. While in-person care is evaluated using quality
metrics, such as rates of infections, these measures are much less common in telemedicine. Only 28
percent of U.S. respondents said their organizations currently apply quality metrics to telemedicine, while
[15] approximately 38 percent say their institution offers training on how to, for example, perform an exam
remotely.

“This global report demonstrates a clear need for telemedicine beyond the pandemic setting,” Dr. Sharma
said. “It also drives home that this modality, like any other in health care, must meet expectations of quality,
training and access, and standards of care. Essentially, this service cannot be an afterthought. It requires a
[20] comprehensive approach to get it right and to make a meaningful impact.”

Adapted from news-medical.net. Accessed August 22 2022.

TEXTO

TELEMEDICINE WIDELY VIEWED AS AN EFFECTIVE MEANS FOR DELIVERING CARE

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Jul 25 2022

After experiencing a rapid expansion early in the COVID-19 pandemic, a new survey indicates that
telemedicine is now widely viewed as an effective means for delivering care. In results published online on
June 15 in NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, a majority of respondents credited telemedicine with
improving patient health, providing good quality care and increasing access for vulnerable populations.
[5] However, the results also point to challenges that must be addressed as this field becomes more established.

According to the survey, 84 percent in the United States agreed that telemedicine increased access for
vulnerable populations – a result that reflects the ability of telemedicine to reach people who would
otherwise go without care, according to Dr. Sharma (professor and chair of emergency medicine at Weill
Cornell Medicine). Despite this encouraging statistic, disparities remain. Access to telemedicine – for reasons
[10] ranging from language barriers to lack of high-speed internet connection – ranked as the number one
challenge facing the field.

The results also highlighted other areas for improvement. While in-person care is evaluated using quality
metrics, such as rates of infections, these measures are much less common in telemedicine. Only 28
percent of U.S. respondents said their organizations currently apply quality metrics to telemedicine, while
[15] approximately 38 percent say their institution offers training on how to, for example, perform an exam
remotely.

“This global report demonstrates a clear need for telemedicine beyond the pandemic setting,” Dr. Sharma
said. “It also drives home that this modality, like any other in health care, must meet expectations of quality,
training and access, and standards of care. Essentially, this service cannot be an afterthought. It requires a
[20] comprehensive approach to get it right and to make a meaningful impact.”

Adapted from news-medical.net. Accessed August 22 2022.

Text

Social Media Use Is Linked to Brain Changes in Teens, Research Finds

    The effect of social media use on children is a fraught area of research, as parents and policymakers try to ascertain the results of a vast experiment already in full swing. Successive studies have added pieces to the puzzle, fleshing out the implications of a nearly constant stream of virtual interactions beginning in childhood.
    A new study by neuroscientists at the University of North Carolina tries something new, conducting successive brain scans of middle schoolers between the ages of 12 and 15, a period of especially rapid brain development.
    The researchers found that children who habitually checked their social media feeds at around age 12 showed a distinct trajectory, with their sensitivity to social rewards from peers heightening over time. Teenagers with less engagement in social media followed the opposite path, with a declining interest in social rewards.
    The study has important limitations, the authors acknowledge. Because adolescence is a period of expanding social relationships, the brain differences could reflect a natural pivot toward peers, which could be driving more frequent social media use.
    “We can’t make causal claims that social media is changing the brain,” said Eva H. Telzer, an associate professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and one of the authors of the study.
    But, she added, “teens who are habitually checking their social media are showing these pretty dramatic changes in the way their brains are responding, which could potentially have long-term consequences well into adulthood, sort of setting the stage for brain development over time.”
    A team of researchers studied an ethnically diverse group of 169 students in the sixth and seventh grades from a middle school in rural North Carolina, splitting them into groups according to how often they reported checking Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat feeds.
    At around age 12, the students already showed distinct patterns of behavior. Habitual users reported checking their feeds 15 or more times a day; moderate users checked between one and 14 times; nonhabitual users checked less than once a day.
    The subjects received full brain scans three times, at approximately one-year intervals, as they played a computerized game that delivered rewards and punishment in the form of smiling or scowling peers. While carrying out the task, the frequent checkers showed increasing activation of three brain areas: reward-processing circuits, which also respond to experiences like winning money or risk-taking behavior; brain regions that determine salience, picking out what stands out in the environment; and the prefrontal cortex, which helps with regulation and control.
    The results showed that “teens who grow up checking social media more often are becoming hypersensitive to feedback from their peers,” Dr. Telzer said. Social sensitivity could be adaptive, showing that the teenagers are learning to connect with others; or it could lead to social anxiety and depression if social needs are not met.
    “They are showing that the way you use it at one point in your life does influence the way your brain develops, but we don’t know by how much, or whether it’s good or bad,” said Jeff Hancock, the founding director of the Stanford Social Media Lab, who was not involved in the study. He said that many other variables could have contributed to these changes. He described the paper as “a very sophisticated piece of work,” contributing to research that has emerged recently showing that sensitivity to social media varies from person to person.
    Over the last decade, social media has remapped the central experiences of adolescence, a period of rapid brain development. Researchers have documented a range of effects on children’s mental health. Some studies have linked use of social media with depression and anxiety, while others found little connection.
    Without more information about other aspects of the students’ lives, “it is challenging to discern how specific differences in brain development are to social media checking,” said Adriana Galvan, a specialist in adolescent brain development at the University of California Los Angeles, who was not involved in the study.
    Dr. Telzer, one of the study’s authors, described the rising sensitivity to social feedback as “neither good nor bad.” “It’s helping them connect to others and obtain rewards from the things that are common in their social world, which is engaging in social interactions online,” she said. This is the new norm,” she added. “Understanding how this new digital world is influencing teens is important. It may be associated with changes in the brain, but that may be for good or for bad. We don’t necessarily know the long-term implications yet.”

Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/03/

Text

Social Media Use Is Linked to Brain Changes in Teens, Research Finds

    The effect of social media use on children is a fraught area of research, as parents and policymakers try to ascertain the results of a vast experiment already in full swing. Successive studies have added pieces to the puzzle, fleshing out the implications of a nearly constant stream of virtual interactions beginning in childhood.
    A new study by neuroscientists at the University of North Carolina tries something new, conducting successive brain scans of middle schoolers between the ages of 12 and 15, a period of especially rapid brain development.
    The researchers found that children who habitually checked their social media feeds at around age 12 showed a distinct trajectory, with their sensitivity to social rewards from peers heightening over time. Teenagers with less engagement in social media followed the opposite path, with a declining interest in social rewards.
    The study has important limitations, the authors acknowledge. Because adolescence is a period of expanding social relationships, the brain differences could reflect a natural pivot toward peers, which could be driving more frequent social media use.
    “We can’t make causal claims that social media is changing the brain,” said Eva H. Telzer, an associate professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and one of the authors of the study.
    But, she added, “teens who are habitually checking their social media are showing these pretty dramatic changes in the way their brains are responding, which could potentially have long-term consequences well into adulthood, sort of setting the stage for brain development over time.”
    A team of researchers studied an ethnically diverse group of 169 students in the sixth and seventh grades from a middle school in rural North Carolina, splitting them into groups according to how often they reported checking Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat feeds.
    At around age 12, the students already showed distinct patterns of behavior. Habitual users reported checking their feeds 15 or more times a day; moderate users checked between one and 14 times; nonhabitual users checked less than once a day.
    The subjects received full brain scans three times, at approximately one-year intervals, as they played a computerized game that delivered rewards and punishment in the form of smiling or scowling peers. While carrying out the task, the frequent checkers showed increasing activation of three brain areas: reward-processing circuits, which also respond to experiences like winning money or risk-taking behavior; brain regions that determine salience, picking out what stands out in the environment; and the prefrontal cortex, which helps with regulation and control.
    The results showed that “teens who grow up checking social media more often are becoming hypersensitive to feedback from their peers,” Dr. Telzer said. Social sensitivity could be adaptive, showing that the teenagers are learning to connect with others; or it could lead to social anxiety and depression if social needs are not met.
    “They are showing that the way you use it at one point in your life does influence the way your brain develops, but we don’t know by how much, or whether it’s good or bad,” said Jeff Hancock, the founding director of the Stanford Social Media Lab, who was not involved in the study. He said that many other variables could have contributed to these changes. He described the paper as “a very sophisticated piece of work,” contributing to research that has emerged recently showing that sensitivity to social media varies from person to person.
    Over the last decade, social media has remapped the central experiences of adolescence, a period of rapid brain development. Researchers have documented a range of effects on children’s mental health. Some studies have linked use of social media with depression and anxiety, while others found little connection.
    Without more information about other aspects of the students’ lives, “it is challenging to discern how specific differences in brain development are to social media checking,” said Adriana Galvan, a specialist in adolescent brain development at the University of California Los Angeles, who was not involved in the study.
    Dr. Telzer, one of the study’s authors, described the rising sensitivity to social feedback as “neither good nor bad.” “It’s helping them connect to others and obtain rewards from the things that are common in their social world, which is engaging in social interactions online,” she said. This is the new norm,” she added. “Understanding how this new digital world is influencing teens is important. It may be associated with changes in the brain, but that may be for good or for bad. We don’t necessarily know the long-term implications yet.”

Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/03/