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Climate crisis means super-strength Hurricane Melissa is 'dangerous new reality'

Winds of Melissa's strength are now five times more frequent due to the climate crisis, research says

Every aspect of Hurricane Melissa, the most powerful storm ever to hit Jamaica, was worsened by the climate crisis, a team of scientists has found.

Melissa caused widespread devastation when it crunched into Jamaica as a category five hurricane on October 28, with winds up up to 185mph.

Winds of Melissa's strength are now five times more frequent due to the climate crisis, the research said

The storm wiped out homes, businesses, crops and livelihoods, causing damage estimated to be equivalent to around a third of the island nation's GDP.

The hurricane displaced hundreds of thousands of people as it continued on to hit Cuba, with its ferocious winds causing damage as far as the Dominican Republic and Haiti. At least 61 people have died as a result. The savage strength of Melissa was exacerbated by the overheated air and ocean, caused by the heat-trapping emissions that come from the burning of fossil fuels, an international team of scientists has determined.

Climate change increased Melissa's maximum wind speeds by 7% and extreme rainfall by 16%, the team at World Weather Attribution, a consortium of 20 researchers from the US, UK, Sweden, Dominican Republic, Netherlands, Jamaica and Cuba, found.

Events such as the five days of pounding rainfall in Jamaica from Melissa are now about 30% more intense and twice as likely due to today's altered climate, which is about 1.3C hotter, globally, than the pre-industrial average, the analysis found. Global heating has made the atmospheric and marine conditions behind such extreme events six times more likely.

Melissa is just the latest example of a major storm suddenly picking up strength with unusual speed. This "rapid intensification" was particularly pronounced with this hurricane, with Melissa's wind speeds shooting up from 68mph to 139mph in just one day. This process is a hallmark of a warming climate, scientists have found, with storms able to feed upon heat in the ocean and atmosphere to become more fierce. Melissa crawled slowly over seas that were nearly 1.5C hotter than the long-term norm, gaining a brutal strength it then unleashed upon Jamacia.

The huge task of cleaning up and rebuilding from a storm that caused around $6bn in damages to Jamaica has again highlighted the vexed question of international climate finance. For years, developing, climate-vulnerable countries have urged richer nations to contribute funds to help them with the heatwaves, storms and droughts that these less wealthy places have done little to cause.

Adaptado de: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/nov/06/hurricane-melissa-stor m-strength-climate-crisis. Acessado em 06 nov. de 2025.

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Read the following text.

Rich is a nice guy

    Rich is working 6 days a week. He works like a god and he is always in a rush wherever he goes. Today, he couldn't afford to be late because he had an important meeting with his boss. Fortunately, that morning, he had time to drink his coffee, eat his yogurt and have a quick little walk outside before heading to work. He got there on time and had a great meeting. Somehow, Rich felt like everything went perfectly. Maybe he didn't have to worry so much. That's only when he went to the bathroom during lunch time that he noticed the white spots on his black shirt. It was yogourt. Rich can't believe he looked this way during the whole meeting.

ROGER, Jackson. Brazil: Aulas de Inglês, 2016.

Read the following text and answer the question.

Art project aims to reduce mental health stigma

Hsin-Yi Lo BBC News, South East and Jo Burn BBC News, South East, Deal

An art installation aimed at reducing stigma around mental health is coming to a Kent library.

The Missing Project, by artist Deirdre Kashdan, is coming to Deal Library to coincide with World Mental Diseases Prevention Day on 10 September.

Ms Kashdan, who lives in Deal, said she had been supporting her son with an enduring mental illness for more than 27 years.

"He was 19 when he was taken to hospital. There was an enormous sense of grief because when he came out of hospital, he wasn't the same person," she said.

"For most of the time, I've been very private about my story. But I am 73 now, and I thought it was important to talk about it."

She said she was inspired to create the project when she stumbled across a Victorian era trend known as hidden mother photography.

Young children were photographed with someone, usually their mother, who was hidden in the photograph, usually behind curtains or cloaks.

Ms Kashdan said she felt these images resonated with her, who felt her own presence was largely hidden while supporting her son.

The artist said she had contacted other local women who shared their experiences, with more than 200 part of the project.

"The images displayed in the library are very poignant, but they also depict strength, endurance, and love," she added.

"Conversations around enduring mental illness need to be normalised and there shouldn't be stigma. Carers should be celebrated not hidden away."

Paul Webb, Kent County Council cabinet member for community and regulatory services, said art was a "powerful way to open up conversations".

"I hope people will take the time to visit the exhibition which has such an important message around mental health," he added.

The exhibition will be open until 15 September.

Now, read the following text and answer the question.

Multicultural festival sees biggest ever crowd

Jon Wright BBC News, Suffolk, Ipswich

A festival celebrating a town's multicultural community has seen its biggest ever attendance.

Organisers of the One Big Multicultural Festival in Ipswich said more than 8,000 people visited Alexandra Park on Sunday afternoon.

It was the 13th time the event had been held, and included music, dancing and crafts.

One of the organisers Boshor Ali said: "Everybody's seeing how important it is to unite our communities, and everyone in Ipswich is looking out for one another."

Winston Brown, who attended with his family, said: "It is so beautiful to be here.

"I believe we are all of one God, and he's given us a great day."

Naadirah Rahim, who was giving people henna tattoos, said:

"I've had a mix of race, a mix of gender, a mix of age, henna's really for everyone because you can pick whatever design you want.

"Events like this are really important because it brings everyone together. You don't have to be from a specific culture or background, you can just come and enjoy the music."

The festival is organised by BSC Multicultural Services and Ipswich Borough Council.

People spoke on stage about the need for unity and the value different communities bring.

The current High Sheriff of Suffolk, Gulshan Kayembe, said:

"The message to everyone is how important it is that we have events like this so we can integrate, get to know each other.

"That process of coming together is so key in today's world where there are forces trying to rip us apart."

Now, read the following text and answer the question.

Multicultural festival sees biggest ever crowd

Jon Wright BBC News, Suffolk, Ipswich

A festival celebrating a town's multicultural community has seen its biggest ever attendance.

Organisers of the One Big Multicultural Festival in Ipswich said more than 8,000 people visited Alexandra Park on Sunday afternoon.

It was the 13th time the event had been held, and included music, dancing and crafts.

One of the organisers Boshor Ali said: "Everybody's seeing how important it is to unite our communities, and everyone in Ipswich is looking out for one another."

Winston Brown, who attended with his family, said: "It is so beautiful to be here.

"I believe we are all of one God, and he's given us a great day."

Naadirah Rahim, who was giving people henna tattoos, said:

"I've had a mix of race, a mix of gender, a mix of age, henna's really for everyone because you can pick whatever design you want.

"Events like this are really important because it brings everyone together. You don't have to be from a specific culture or background, you can just come and enjoy the music."

The festival is organised by BSC Multicultural Services and Ipswich Borough Council.

People spoke on stage about the need for unity and the value different communities bring.

The current High Sheriff of Suffolk, Gulshan Kayembe, said:

"The message to everyone is how important it is that we have events like this so we can integrate, get to know each other.

"That process of coming together is so key in today's world where there are forces trying to rip us apart."

Now, read the following text and answer the question.

Multicultural festival sees biggest ever crowd

Jon Wright BBC News, Suffolk, Ipswich

A festival celebrating a town's multicultural community has seen its biggest ever attendance.

Organisers of the One Big Multicultural Festival in Ipswich said more than 8,000 people visited Alexandra Park on Sunday afternoon.

It was the 13th time the event had been held, and included music, dancing and crafts.

One of the organisers Boshor Ali said: "Everybody's seeing how important it is to unite our communities, and everyone in Ipswich is looking out for one another."

Winston Brown, who attended with his family, said: "It is so beautiful to be here.

"I believe we are all of one God, and he's given us a great day."

Naadirah Rahim, who was giving people henna tattoos, said:

"I've had a mix of race, a mix of gender, a mix of age, henna's really for everyone because you can pick whatever design you want.

"Events like this are really important because it brings everyone together. You don't have to be from a specific culture or background, you can just come and enjoy the music."

The festival is organised by BSC Multicultural Services and Ipswich Borough Council.

People spoke on stage about the need for unity and the value different communities bring.

The current High Sheriff of Suffolk, Gulshan Kayembe, said:

"The message to everyone is how important it is that we have events like this so we can integrate, get to know each other.

"That process of coming together is so key in today's world where there are forces trying to rip us apart."