Questões de Inglês

Cultural property is a complex topic, and I hope this article helps spur even more conversations within the Museum and externally. To summarize as we all are aware and is reflected in near-daily news stories museum collections are under increasingly intense scrutiny. Art museums such as The Met steward important resources of world heritage, and we welcome the growing engagement of the public in our critical long-term work as a public-serving institution. As a preeminent voice in the global art community, it is incumbent upon The Met to engage more intensively and proactively in examining certain areas of our collection and to increase the resources we dedicate to this ongoing crucial work.

Fonte: HOLLEIN, Max; KELLEN, Marina. Re ections on e Met Collection and Cultural Property. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 9 maio 2023. Disponível em: https://www. metmuseum.org/perspectives/articles/2023/5/collection-and-cultural-property. Acesso em: 6 out. 2023. (adaptado).

No texto, o uso do termo spur revela o objetivo dos autores de

WHAT'S YOUR WATER-FOOTPRINT?

 

[01] How Much water do you think is in an espresso? According to Professor Tony Allan a typical espresso contains 140 liters of water! In his book Virtual water; He says that we are not aware of 90% of the water we use, as it is 'hidden' water used in the production of the food and goods we buy. So, it takes 140 liters to grow, produce, package, and ship

[05] the beans you use to make your morning espresso. Professor Allan calls this water 'virtual water'. Since the appearance of this book, many people are taking these ideas very seriously. Water consumption varies greatly by country. In wealthy countries, people use about 150 liters a day for washing and drinking. However, if you include the 'virtual water' in their food and clothes, the figure jumps to 5,000 liters per day. A huge amount of

[10] water is used in beef production. Due to the growth of cities and rising populations, water is becoming a more valuable resource. In the next few decades, water will become a major issue for the world. Part of the solution may come thorough improvements in agricultural performance, thorough the use of better fertilizers, pesticides, etc. In recent years, agricultural production in Europe has increased from 3 tons of food per hectare to

[15] 10 tons. But we also need to improve the management of our water supply. this can happen through more waste water recycling (e.g. reusing water from our bath) or the development of better methods of desalination (= the removal of salt from water) - we can then use more sea water in agriculture. In the meantime, what can the individual do? Well, have you thought about taking a shower instead of a bath, fixing your leaky taps, or

[20] eating hamburgers less often? This action may seem like a drop in the ocean, but every drop helps!

 

Beef 15,500 liters per kg/Pork 4,800 liters per kg/Cheese 5,000 liters per kg/Milk 1,000 liters per kg/Egg 200 liters per kg/Rice 3,400 liters per kg

According to the text the words:
However (in line 8), Due to (in line 10), In the meantime (in line 18), are used as connectors of:

WHAT'S YOUR WATER-FOOTPRINT?

 

[01] How Much water do you think is in an espresso? According to Professor Tony Allan a typical espresso contains 140 liters of water! In his book Virtual water; He says that we are not aware of 90% of the water we use, as it is 'hidden' water used in the production of the food and goods we buy. So, it takes 140 liters to grow, produce, package, and ship

[05] the beans you use to make your morning espresso. Professor Allan calls this water 'virtual water'. Since the appearance of this book, many people are taking these ideas very seriously. Water consumption varies greatly by country. In wealthy countries, people use about 150 liters a day for washing and drinking. However, if you include the 'virtual water' in their food and clothes, the figure jumps to 5,000 liters per day. A huge amount of

[10] water is used in beef production. Due to the growth of cities and rising populations, water is becoming a more valuable resource. In the next few decades, water will become a major issue for the world. Part of the solution may come thorough improvements in agricultural performance, thorough the use of better fertilizers, pesticides, etc. In recent years, agricultural production in Europe has increased from 3 tons of food per hectare to

[15] 10 tons. But we also need to improve the management of our water supply. this can happen through more waste water recycling (e.g. reusing water from our bath) or the development of better methods of desalination (= the removal of salt from water) - we can then use more sea water in agriculture. In the meantime, what can the individual do? Well, have you thought about taking a shower instead of a bath, fixing your leaky taps, or

[20] eating hamburgers less often? This action may seem like a drop in the ocean, but every drop helps!

 

Beef 15,500 liters per kg/Pork 4,800 liters per kg/Cheese 5,000 liters per kg/Milk 1,000 liters per kg/Egg 200 liters per kg/Rice 3,400 liters per kg

Mark the alternative which contains consecutively: the word, its correct grammar class and meaning, according to its use in the text.

THE POWER OF NUMBERS

By: Keith Harding and Alastair Lane

 

[01] There is an Indian legend that goes like this: Once upon a time, a king challenged a

pilgrim to a game of chess. The pilgrim agreed, but on the condition: if the king lost, he

would put a single grain of rice on the first chess square and then double the amount on

every square after that. The king lost and then discovered the price he had to pay: 1 grain

[05] on the first square, 2 grains on the second, 4 on the third, 8 on the fourth, and so on. By

the 64th square, the amount came to more than 18,000,000,000,000,000,000 grains of

rice!

 

A modern example of this type of growth is Moore's Law. This Law says that the power of

computer microchips doubles every 18 months. We can see the effects of this if we

[10] compare the space shuttle with a smartphone. The computer on the first space shuttle

could process 400,000 instructions per second and had a memory of 424 kilobytes; a

modern smartphone is over 35,000 times quicker and has over 33,000,000 times more

memory! These increases in computing power have caused scientific discovery to speed

up. It took the Human Genome project 13 years, from 1990 to 2003, to analyze the entire
[15] human genome*. Due to faster computers, scientists can now do this in a week. In the

next decades, computers will equal the power of the human brain. This may result in the

development of computers that are more intelligent than humans. The possible

consequences of this are profound.

 

The increasing speed of scientific discovery is also partly the result of larger social trends.

[20] In the 1960s in the UK, about 5% of young people went to university. Nowadays 40% of

people in the UK do a degree, whilst in Finland the number has reached 80%. Between

2000 and 2010, the number of students studying in universities abroad rose by 75%.

Because of the increase in university students, more people now do research at a

postgraduate level. This has created greater competition between research departments

[25] for funding. As a result, there is more pressure on scientists to publish their findings

quickly. This new research leads to other new discoveries and, as a consequence, new

technologies are developed more rapidly.

Fonte: Book: International Express- 3^rd edition - OUP- www.oup.com/elt

 

The speed of change is hard to cope with because it means we need to keep learning and adapting. But we'd better get used it: it's not going to slow down.

The text says that:

Texto para a questão.

 

        A FORCE FOR PEACE

                    By

      Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala

  Diretora Geral of the World Trade Organization (WTO)

 

1    To abandon the many benefits that come with international trade would be foolish. There are real problems with the current trading system, but the counterfactual scenario is almost certainly worse: it is difficult to believe that international security would be better served if leading powers had no economic interest in one another’s stability and prosperity and no shared institutions in which to engage. Trade between the United States and China benefits people and businesses in both countries enormously and ties the superpowers together, both bilaterally and in international forums, providing an incentive to cooperate where possible and avoid conflict.

2    Strategic competition is a reality of the modern world. But that world will become unlivable unless there is also strategic cooperation. The WTO’s ministerial meeting last summer offered hope that the two can go together. The agreements reached there had the support of all WTO members. They worked across geopolitical and policy fault lines, each perceiving a national interest in reinforcing the world trading system.

3    In the 75 years since the world first embraced multilateral cooperation on trade, the trading system has underpinned [sustentou, apoiou] rising – if still uneven – global prosperity. It has achieved its original goal of helping governments keep markets open in turbulent times. In the face of mighty [poderosos] shocks, from the global financial crisis to the pandemic, the world did not repeat the 1930s spiral of protectionism and depression, instead allowing cross-border demand and supply to be an engine for recovery.

4    Today, the multilateral trading system is part of the solution to major global challenges, from climate change to conflict to pandemic preparedness. And a reformed WTO, fit for the twenty-first century, is needed now more than ever, with rules that underpin the stability, predictability, and openness of the global trading system. In the past 15 years we have learned that unforeseen crises surely lie [ficam, situam-se] ahead and that without the stabilizing force of trade, the world will almost certainly be less able to weather [enfrentar, resistir] them.

Adapted from Foreign Affairs, July/August 2023.

According to the information in the article,

Texto para a questão.

 

        A FORCE FOR PEACE

                    By

      Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala

  Diretora Geral of the World Trade Organization (WTO)

 

1    To abandon the many benefits that come with international trade would be foolish. There are real problems with the current trading system, but the counterfactual scenario is almost certainly worse: it is difficult to believe that international security would be better served if leading powers had no economic interest in one another’s stability and prosperity and no shared institutions in which to engage. Trade between the United States and China benefits people and businesses in both countries enormously and ties the superpowers together, both bilaterally and in international forums, providing an incentive to cooperate where possible and avoid conflict.

2    Strategic competition is a reality of the modern world. But that world will become unlivable unless there is also strategic cooperation. The WTO’s ministerial meeting last summer offered hope that the two can go together. The agreements reached there had the support of all WTO members. They worked across geopolitical and policy fault lines, each perceiving a national interest in reinforcing the world trading system.

3    In the 75 years since the world first embraced multilateral cooperation on trade, the trading system has underpinned [sustentou, apoiou] rising – if still uneven – global prosperity. It has achieved its original goal of helping governments keep markets open in turbulent times. In the face of mighty [poderosos] shocks, from the global financial crisis to the pandemic, the world did not repeat the 1930s spiral of protectionism and depression, instead allowing cross-border demand and supply to be an engine for recovery.

4    Today, the multilateral trading system is part of the solution to major global challenges, from climate change to conflict to pandemic preparedness. And a reformed WTO, fit for the twenty-first century, is needed now more than ever, with rules that underpin the stability, predictability, and openness of the global trading system. In the past 15 years we have learned that unforeseen crises surely lie [ficam, situam-se] ahead and that without the stabilizing force of trade, the world will almost certainly be less able to weather [enfrentar, resistir] them.

Adapted from Foreign Affairs, July/August 2023.

In paragraph 2, “They” in the phrase “They worked across geopolitical and policy fault lines” most likely refers to which of the following?