Questões de Inglês

The introduction of football in Asia can be linked to European colonial powers during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. British merchants, soldiers, and bureaucrats were instrumental in spreading the game over the continent. The establishment of British trading posts and military stations in nations such as India, Singapore, and Hong Kong resulted in the formation of local football clubs, providing the groundwork for organised football in Asia. [...]

Development of Youth Academies and Infrastructure

Asian nations have made significant investments in youth academies and infrastructure in order to sustain long-term growth and prosperity. Countries such as Japan and South Korea have created comprehensive grassroots development programs that prioritize skill development and the development of youthful talent. The construction of world-class stadiums, training facilities, and football academies has also helped to the sport's expansion and laid a solid basis for Asian football to thrive.

Rising Popularity and Commercialization

Football's popularity and commercialization have skyrocketed in Asia during the last few decades, owing to increasing television coverage, globalization, and the success of local teams and players. The emergence of the Chinese Super League, which has made considerable investments in foreign players and coaches, has drew international interest and increased commercialization in Asian football. Furthermore, the emergence of Asian players such as Park Ji-sung, Son Heung-min, and Keisuke Honda in top European leagues has encouraged a new generation of aspiring footballers in the region.

(Disponível em: www.fifplay.com/history-of-football-in-asia/)

Assinale V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) para as alternativas de acordo com o texto:

( ) O futebol se desenvolveu na Ásia durante o século 19 e início do século 20, graças primordialmente aos soldados britânicos estacionados naquele continente.

( ) O segundo parágrafo aborda os investimentos feitos por países asiáticos para o desenvolvimento do futebol entre os jovens, citando exemplos do que foi feito no Japão e Coreia do Sul.

( ) O autor atribui o aumento significativo da popularidade do esporte na Ásia ao aumento da cobertura televisiva, à globalização e ao sucesso de times e jogadores locais, como Keisuke Honda.

( ) No trecho "FURTHERMORE, the emergence of Asian players such as Park Ji-sung, Son Heung-min, and Keisuke Honda [...]", o termo em destaque indica que será introduzida uma conclusão lógica ao raciocínio apresentado anteriormente no parágrafo.

Learning a new language undoubtedly helps your gray matter grow. Acquiring a new language means that you're going to learn a whole new set of rules of grammar and lexis (whether you find this part amusing or not). While your brain is trying to keep up with the new language's complexities and take in the new patterns, new developments are happening in the brain. Just like muscles, the brain gets stronger and bigger the more you put it to use.

Nothing challenges the brain like learning a language does. Scientists have established that we use the left side of the brain when speaking our native language. Whereas, second language usage isn't limited to a specific hemisphere. It uses both of them, increasing the size of the white and grey matter of the brain.

But that is not all; acquiring a new language also helps to stave off cognitive decline and mental aging. Recent research shows that multilingual adults experienced the first signs of Alzheimer's and dementia at a later age compared to monolinguals. They also researched other variables like health, economic status, educational level, and gender, but none of them contributed as much as the number of languages that person spoke.

(Disponível em: www.potomac.edu/benefits-of-learning-a-second-language/).

Assinale V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) para as alternativas de acordo com o texto:

( ) Afirma-se no texto que aprender uma nova língua promove o crescimento da massa cinzenta do cérebro, fazendo uma analogia entre o uso dos músculos e do cérebro.

( ) Usamos apenas o hemisfério esquerdo do cérebro quando fazemos uso de uma língua estrangeira ou segunda língua, mas isso é o suficiente para o aumento do cérebro.

( ) A aquisição de um novo idioma ajuda a evitar o declínio cognitivo e o envelhecimento mental.

( ) O texto cita uma pesquisa que concluiu que falar mais de uma língua impede o aparecimento de formas de demência, independentemente de nível econômico, educacional ou gênero.

If you're looking for a heart-healthy eating plan, the Mediterranean diet might be right for you. It's less of a diet, meaning a restricted way to eat, and more of a lifestyle. It blends the basics of healthy eating with the traditional flavors and cooking methods of the people in the Mediterranean region.

Why the Mediterranean diet?

Diet is known to have an effect on long-term diseases. These include heart and blood vessel problems known as cardiovascular disease. Observations from a study in the 1960s found that cardiovascular disease was linked to fewer deaths in some Mediterranean countries, such as Greece and Italy, than in the U.S. and northern Europe.

More recent studies linked the Mediterranean diet with lower risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure. Today, the Mediterranean diet is one of the healthy eating plans that American nutrition experts recommend. It's also recognized by the World Health Organization as a healthy-eating pattern.

Many cultures have eating patterns similar to the Mediterranean diet, including Japan, for example. And other diets have some of the same recommendations as the Mediterranean diet. Two examples are the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

Research suggests that it's key to follow the Mediterranean diet over the long term for your heart to benefit.

(Disponível em: www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/mediterranean-diet/art-20047801).

Assinale V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) para as alternativas de acordo com o texto:

( ) Segundo o texto, a dieta mediterrânea é mais um estilo de vida do que exatamente um regime de restrição alimentar, compreendendo a alimentação saudável e métodos culinários dos povos mediterrâneos.

( ) Uma pesquisa da década de 60 mostrou que havia menos mortes relacionadas a doenças cardiovasculares em países do Mediterrâneo do que nos Estados Unidos e no norte da Europa.

( ) Pesquisas indicam que há benefícios para o coração mesmo que se siga a dieta mediterrânea por alguns meses.

( ) Apesar de sua qualidade como dieta saudável ser reconhecida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, a dieta mediterrânea não é recomendada por nutricionistas norte-americanos.

Around 300 species of the parrot family have been recorded throughout the world. There are 56 species found in Australia, and only 5 of these are found elsewhere in the world. The parrot family includes cockatoos, lorikeets, rosellas, ringnecks and budgerigars.[...]

European agriculture has provided parrots with food (in planted crops) and water (in dams and bores) in areas where they did not previously live. This has led to the population expansion of some species. However, these changes may have resulted in a drop in the numbers of other species. For example, the clearing of native forests for farmland in some areas has reduced the number of living and breeding sites for the parrots which previously lived in those habitats.

Illegal trapping and smuggling operations of live birds may have contributed to the decrease in Australian parrot populations, but the removal of eggs from their nests poses a bigger threat. This is because nest-robbers will often destroy the birds' nesting hollow, making it unavailable for the next breeding season. It is easier to obtain and transport eggs than adult birds, and more eggs than adults can be smuggled from the country and distributed overseas.

(Disponível em: www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/animals-and-plants/native-animals/native-animal-facts/parrots).

Assinale V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) para as alternativas abaixo, de acordo com o texto:

( ) Há 56 espécies da família dos papagaios na Austrália, e apenas 5 delas existem em outras regiões do planeta.

( ) O texto explica como a agricultura propiciou o aumento de algumas espécies em áreas onde originalmente não viviam papagaios. No entanto, a mesma agricultura pode ter sido responsável pela redução de outras espécies ao desmatar áreas para plantio.

( ) O último parágrafo se concentra em atividades ilegais que têm causado a diminuição da população de papagaios na Austrália, sendo o contrabando de aves adultas o maior perigo para esses animais.

( ) No trecho "Illegal trapping and smuggling operations of live birds [...]", a palavra "trapping" é um substantivo e o vocábulo "smuggling" tem função de adjetivo.

About The Winter of Our Discontent

The final novel of one of America's most beloved writers- a tale of degeneration, corruption, and spiritual crisis

In awarding John Steinbeck the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Nobel committee stated that with The Winter of Our Discontent, he had "resumed his position as an independent expounder of the truth, with an unbiased instinct for what is genuinely American." Ethan Allen Hawley, the protagonist of Steinbeck's last novel, works as a clerk in a grocery store that his family once owned. With Ethan no longer a member of Long Island's aristocratic class, his wife is restless, and his teenage children are hungry for the tantalizing material comforts he cannot provide. Then one day, in a moment of moral crisis, Ethan decides to take a holiday from his own scrupulous standards. Set in Steinbeck's contemporary 1960 America, the novel explores the tenuous line between private and public honesty, and today ranks alongside his most acclaimed works of penetrating insight into the American condition. This Penguin Classics edition features an introduction and notes by leading Steinbeck scholar Susan Shillinglaw.

(Disponível em: www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/354748/the-winter-of-our-discontent-by-john-steinbeck-introduction-and-notes-by-susan-shillinglaw/)

Assinale V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) para as alternativas abaixo, de acordo com o texto:

( ) De acordo com o texto, a obra The Winter of Our Discontent não está no mesmo nível de qualidade literária de outras obras de John Steinbeck.

( ) O comitê do prêmio Nobel apontou Steinbeck como expositor dos preconceitos genuinamente norte americanos.

( ) Parte do texto acima é um resumo de uma obra do escritor americano John Steinbeck, definida pelo autor como uma história de degeneração, corrupção e crise espiritual.

( ) O protagonista da obra comentada no texto é um membro empobrecido de uma família que já teve um nível social mais alto.

Fashion and style are subjective. They mean different things to everybody. As the saying goes, "One man's trash is another man's treasure". This phrase is synonymous with the fashion world.

Billions of people at the mercy of an array of brands and designers have the choice of, and access to, pretty much anything they desire.

In an ideal world, this would result in everyone having an individual style, wardrobe and fashion sense with unique outfits and aesthetics on show day by day. However, there is an interesting phenomenon in which clothes, brands and aesthetics seem to gain and lose popularity from the public in different periods of time.

But how do things go in and out of style, who or what dictates it and why do people follow these trends so religiously?

Celebrity Endorsement

Celebrity influence often dictates which items fall in and out of style. For example, after Kanye West collaborated with Adidas to release his famous Yeezys back in 2015, these shoes, along with Adidas as a brand were seen with increasing frequency across the world.

According to www.statista.com in 2016 Adidas were at an all-time high, which may have been aided by one of their main icons, Kanye West, releasing a well received album, released in 2016, named The Life of Pablo.

Kanye, who was an insanely large name and influential figure in the music industry and in general society, had a very public deal with Adidas at the time (which has since been terminated in 2022 with Yeezys also being discontinued) giving one example of the incredible influence celebrities have over the global demographic, as such deals arguably put brands like Adidas and Yeezys in style and firmly in the public eye.

(Disponível em: houghtonmackay.com/new/who-decides-whats-in style/cjwebb/#:~:text=The%20influence%20of%20fashion%20designers,in%20the%20world%20of%20fashion).

Assinale V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) para as alternativas abaixo, de acordo com o texto:

( ) O autor do texto faz uma crítica contundente ao uso de celebridades na promoção de itens de moda, apontando seu efeito nefasto, como pode ser percebido no trecho ?[...] giving one example of the incredible influence celebrities have over the global demographic?.

( ) O texto menciona uma parceria entre Kanye West e a Adidas, que resultou na produção de um tênis que ainda é fabricado pela empresa.

( ) O autor questiona por que as pessoas seguem as tendências de moda religiosamente.

( ) No trecho "Celebrity influence often dictates which items fall in and out of style", o termo destacado pode ser substituído por "hardly ever" sem mudança de sentido.