Questões de Inglês

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ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE

AI’s carbon footprint is bigger than you think

Generating one image takes as much energy as fully charging your smartphone.

 

By Melissa Heikkilä 

December 5, 2023

https://tinyurl.com/4es9fs6a> Acesso em: 04.10.2024.

O texto apresenta

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Why the Bat flies by Night

(Nigerian Folk Tale)

 

A bush rat called Oyot was a great friend of Emiong, the bat; they always fed together, bup the bat was jealous of the bush rat. When the bat cooked the food, it was always very good, and the bush rat said, "How is it that when you make the soup it is so tasty?"

The bat replied, "I always boil myself in the water, and my flesh is so sweet, that the soup is good."

He then told the bush rat that he would show him how it was done; so, he got a pot of varm water, which he told the bush rat was boiling water, and jumped into it, and very shortly afterwards came out again. When the soup was brought, it was as strong and good as usual, as the bat had prepared it beforehand.

The bush rat then went home and told his wife that he was going to make good soup like the bat's. He therefore told her to boil some water, which she did. Then, when his wife was not looking, he jumped into the pot, and was very soon dead.

When his wife looked into the pot and saw the dead body of her husband boiling, she was very angry, and reported the matter to the king, who gave orders that the bat should be made a prisoner. Every one turned out to catch the bat, but as he expected trouble he flew away into the bush and hid himself. All day long the people tried to catch him, so he had to change his habits, and only came out to feed when it was dark, and that is why you never see a bat in the daytime.

(DAYRELL, Elphinstone. Folk stories of Southern Nigeria. Why theBat flies by Night. Longmans, Green and Co., London, NewYork, Bombay & Calcutta. 1910. Disponível em: https://www.worldoftales.com/African_folktales/Nigerian_folktale_7.html#gsc.tab=0. Acessado em: 15. out. 2025.Adaptado)

The folk tale "Why the Bat Flies by Night" explains why the bat comes out only at night. Based on the events in the story, which implicit opinion or moral does the text express about the bat's behavior?

Leia a narrativa a seguir e responda à pergunta.

 

Why the Bat flies by Night

(Nigerian Folk Tale)

 

A bush rat called Oyot was a great friend of Emiong, the bat; they always fed together, bup the bat was jealous of the bush rat. When the bat cooked the food, it was always very good, and the bush rat said, "How is it that when you make the soup it is so tasty?"

The bat replied, "I always boil myself in the water, and my flesh is so sweet, that the soup is good."

He then told the bush rat that he would show him how it was done; so, he got a pot of varm water, which he told the bush rat was boiling water, and jumped into it, and very shortly afterwards came out again. When the soup was brought, it was as strong and good as usual, as the bat had prepared it beforehand.

The bush rat then went home and told his wife that he was going to make good soup like the bat's. He therefore told her to boil some water, which she did. Then, when his wife was not looking, he jumped into the pot, and was very soon dead.

When his wife looked into the pot and saw the dead body of her husband boiling, she was very angry, and reported the matter to the king, who gave orders that the bat should be made a prisoner. Every one turned out to catch the bat, but as he expected trouble he flew away into the bush and hid himself. All day long the people tried to catch him, so he had to change his habits, and only came out to feed when it was dark, and that is why you never see a bat in the daytime.

(DAYRELL, Elphinstone. Folk stories of Southern Nigeria. Why theBat flies by Night. Longmans, Green and Co., London, NewYork, Bombay & Calcutta. 1910. Disponível em: https://www.worldoftales.com/African_folktales/Nigerian_folktale_7.html#gsc.tab=0. Acessado em: 15. out. 2025.Adaptado)

Qual é o objetivo principal do texto?

Read the campaign poster launched by the World Health Organization.

(www.who.int, 09.03.2023.)

 

The campaign poster is mainly designed to

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    Disinformation¹ in public health is a distinct type of information risk which, unlike misinformation², is created with malicious intent to spread discord, disharmony and mistrust in targets such as government agencies, scientific experts, public health agencies, private sector and law enforcement, among others. The potential impacts of disinformation can be understood through examples during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic had two key elements that created the perfect storm for disinformation to proliferate and spread. First, it rapidly caused global fear, increasing uncertainty and doubt. Second, it occurred at a point in history where people can easily access, create and share information (as well as misinformation and disinformation) widely over the internet, mobile telecommunications, media and social media platforms. As the pandemic took hold, many posts appeared on social media and spread through instant messaging communications, increasing uncertainty about the treatment, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, the usefulness of social distancing, and more. This caused social protest, delayed vaccine uptake and led to higher death rates in some instances.

(https://who.int, 06.02.2024. Adaptado.)

 

¹ disinformation: informação falsa criada ou compartilhada com o objetivo de enganar.

² misinformation: informação falsa ou enganosa, mas que é compartilhada sem intenção de enganar.

No excerto do texto “As the pandemic took hold, many posts appeared on social media and spread through instant messaging communications, increasing uncertainty about the treatment, the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, the usefulness of social distancing, and more”, o trecho sublinhado, em relação às informações que o antecedem, expressa

God Complex: What It Means and Why People Have Them

 

(1^st §) A god complex is a pattern in which an individual believes they have great power, ability, infallibility, influence, and are superior to others. It often refers to behaviors associated with narcissistic personality disorder or mania.

(2^nd §) Someone like this may feel entitled to special treatment, act as though rules don't apply to them, and generally disregard the needs of others. They can also become intensely jealous and controlling.

(3^rd §) What Gives Someone a God Complex?

The development of a god complex can be related to many different factors, including low self-esteem, feelings of powerlessness, or unresolved childhood issues. They may also have an overly protective or enabling parent who fostered these feelings with constant unrealistic praise. GinaMarie Guarino, a licensed mental health counselor, suggests that "a child may be at risk of developing a god complex if they were overly praised or not held accountable for their behavior."

(4^th §) Steve Carleton, LCSW, CACIII, licensed clinical social worker and executive clinical director at Gallus Detox Center, explains that “a god complex may also be caused by experiences of success or admiration, which boost a person’s ego and make them believe that they are superior to others." Other causes, notes Carleton, include “narcissistic personality disorder, lack of emotional intelligence or even a mental illness such as bipolar disorder.”

(5^th §) How This Complex Impacts Behavior

When someone has a god complex, their behavior can be destructive and damaging to those around them. They may be overly critical of others or attempt to control situations through manipulation or force. Because they feel superior, they may not recognize the impact of their actions on other people, leading to problems in relationships. Additionally, they might have difficulty accepting mistakes or criticism and will often place blame on others instead of taking responsibility for themselves.

(6^th §) It is important to remember that everyone has moments when they feel more powerful than usual —this does not necessarily mean that a god complex is present. However, if you or someone you know is exhibiting persistent signs of a god complex, it is important to seek help.

(7^th §) Signs and Symptoms

Guarino suggests "behaviors and attitudes that come off as arrogant or inflexible and intolerant of other people’s points of view can be signs of a god complex. They may lack empathy, disregard the boundaries of others, and struggle with relating to others or being sensitive to the needs and feelings of others." A person with a god complex may display a variety of signs and symptoms. When left unchecked, this type of behavior can lead to serious issues in relationships, work, and personal life.

(8^th §) God Complex vs. Superiority Complex

Although they are often used interchangeably, the term “god complex” and "superiority complex" have somewhat different meanings. Superiority complex is a term first used by the psychoanalyst Alfred Adler (1870-1937) referring to a defense mechanism that develops to deal with feelings of inferiority. Jason Shiers, a certified advanced transformative coach and transactional analysis psychotherapist, explains that “a god complex is distinguished from a superiority complex by a more intense and delusory sense of self-importance and invincibility."

Available at: Source: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-god-complex-7112056. Accessed in: 8th apr. 2025. (Adapted)

Concerning the causes for the development of god complex listed in the article, it is possible to affirm that: