Questões de Inglês

Leia o texto a seguir para responder à questão.

Are you ready for the glasses of the future? They're made by Google and are a cross between a normal pair of spectacles and a high-powered computer. They're called Google Glass and are being released this year. What do they do? Well, while wearing the glasses you can take photos of what you see, and you can send and receive e-mails, get directions from the in-built SatNav, make phone calls and search for things online. How do they work”? Simple! You can control the glasses using voice commands. So, to take a picture (for example) you just say, “Glass - take a photo”. The specs have a tiny screen that displays information in front of your eyes (the screen is at the top of the right lens so it doesn't block your vision). So, if you receive an e-mail, itllappear on the small screen, or ifyou search the internet, the results will also appear on the screen. Google thinks Glass will one day replace smartphones.

Hot English Magazine. Brasil, n.12 p. 4

Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

See someone yawn on the subway, and you know there’s a pretty high probability that you’re going to be yawning. But new research says that there’s another contagion out there that you can catch just through simple observation: Stress. A study from the Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences and the Technische Universität Dresden found that even being around a stressed person, be it a loved one or a stranger, has the power to make someone stressed in a physically quantifiable way. “The fact that we could actually measure this empathic stress in the form of a significant hormone release was astonishing”, said Veronika Engert, one of the study’s authors. During the study, test subjects paired with loved ones and strangers of the opposite sex and then divided into two groups. One group was given challenging arithmetic questions and interviewed in order to induce direct stress. The group of 211 observers simply watched the test and interviews through a one-way mirror and via video transmissions. As expected, 95% of the people placed under direct stress showed signs of, well, stress. But 26% of observers had an increase in cortisol as well as a result of empathic stress. The impact of stress was particularly high when a subject was observing a romantic partner in a stressful situation (40%) but it applied to strangers as well (10%). When observers watched stressful events through a one-way mirror, 30% experienced a stressful response. Another 24% percent of observers were stressed when they watched the events unfold on video. Lesson learned: be careful when you’re watching Breaking Bad re-runs. “Even television programs depicting the suffering of other people can transmit that stress to viewers”, Engert said. “Stress has an enormous contagion potential”.

(Adaptado de: http://time.com/84080/stress-contagious/. Acesso em: 1 maio 2014.)

Read the song lyrics below to answer question.

Revolution
(Lennon-McCartney)

You say you want a revolution

Well, you know

We all want to change the world.
You tell me that it's evolution,

Well, you know

We all want to change the world.

But when you talk about destruction,

Don't you know that you can count me out.

You know it's going to be all right,

all right, all right.

You say you got a real solution

Well, you know

We'd all love to see the plan.
You ask me for a contribution,

Well, you know

We all doin’ what we can.

If you want money for people with minds that

hate,

All I can tell you is brother you have to wait.

Don't you know it's going to be all right,

all right, all right, all right.

You say you'll change the constitution

Well, you know

We'd all love to change your head.

You tell me it's the institution,

Well, you know

You better free your mind instead.
But if you go carrying pictures of chairman

Mao,

You ain't gonna make it with anyone anyhow.

Don't you know it's going to be all right,

all right, all right.

Surfing event opens in Rio amid water pollution
Published by the Washington Post (the text below has been slightly modified to better suit the exam)

Many ____ the world’s top surfers were ____ Rio de Janeiro ____ a major surfing competition that kicked ____ Tuesday amid persistent worries ____ the city’s polluted waters.
Kelly Slater of the United States and Brazilian star Gabriel Medina were among those competing at the Oi Rio Pro event, which is taking place on Rio’s Barra da Tijuca beach. The Barra neighborhood is one of the main sites for competitions at next year’s Olympics.
The surfing event’s main venue is near the spot where a raw sewage-filled lagoon empties into the Atlantic. The latest water quality report, issued Tuesday by the state environmental authority, said the area was inappropriate for swimming due to the concentration of fecal coliforms.
Rio has poor sewage treatment infrastructure and much of the sewage from the city of 12 million people empties untreated into its lakes, rivers and beach areas. Of the 32 water quality reports issued this year for Rio, only 8 found water in the area appropriate for swimmers.
Biologist and environmental activist Mario Moscatelli has warned that pollution could become particularly problematic during low tides at Barra da Tijuca, when the lagoon’s fetid waters spill out into the ocean.
Winds could potentially push the sewage along the beach, contaminating the competition site, said Moscatelli, who has been flying over the area for years as part of an environmental monitoring project. Recent photos taken by Moscatelli showed a brown stain spreading over much of Barra beach. The event’s organizer, the World Surf League, recently canceled a backup venue on the neighboring beach of São Conrado due to what the organization deemed “pollution issues”.
In a statement emailed to The Associated Press last week, World Surf League spokesman Dave Prodan said the organization was “confident that our primary site at Postinho, Barra da Tijuca, will deliver excellent conditions”.
Water quality has become a hot-button issue ahead of the 2016 Olympics, with state and local authorities repeatedly acknowledging they will not be able to fulfill a longstanding promise to clean up the city’s polluted waterways ahead of the games. Olympic sailing, canoeing, rowing and other aquatic competitions are slated to take place in the polluted waters, prompting worries about athletes’ health and safety.
The start of the competition at the surfing event coincides with Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff’s meetings in Rio with local Olympic organizers as well as members of the Swiss-based International Olympic Committee.

Leia os textos 1 e 2 para responder à questão.

Texto 1

Call to halve target for added sugar

People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.

    A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake. Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said “demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity epidemic”.
    The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance, without factoring in sugar from any other source.
    Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity. By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those things, the challenge will be to get there.”
    The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g (seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average diet.
    Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits for life. This report will inform the important debate taking place about sugar.”

(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)

Texto 2

Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight

    We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
    In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer calories to shed those pounds.
    Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health benefits.

(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)

Leia os textos 1 e 2 para responder à questão.

Texto 1

Call to halve target for added sugar

People need to more than halve their intake of added sugar to tackle the obesity crisis, according to scientific advice for the government in England.

    A report by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) says sugar added to food or naturally present in fruit juice and honey should account for 5% of energy intake. Many fail to meet the old 10% target. The sugar industry said “demonizing one ingredient” would not “solve the obesity epidemic”.
    The body reviewed 600 scientific studies on the evidence of carbohydrates – including sugar – on health to develop the new recommendations. One 330ml can of soft drink would take a typical adult up to the proposed 5% daily allowance, without factoring in sugar from any other source.
    Prof Ian MacDonald, chairman of the SACN working group on carbohydrates, said: “The evidence that we have analyzed shows quite clearly that high free sugars intake in adults is associated with increased energy intake and obesity. There is also an association between sugar-sweetened beverages and type-2 diabetes. In children there is clear demonstration that sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with obesity. By reducing it to 5% you would reduce the risk of all of those things, the challenge will be to get there.”
    The target of 5% of energy intake from free sugars amounts to 25g for women (five to six teaspoons) and 35g (seven to eight teaspoons) for men, based on the average diet.
    Public Health Minister for England, Jane Ellison, said: “We know eating too much sugar can have a significant impact on health, and this advice confirms that. We want to help people make healthier choices and get the nation into healthy habits for life. This report will inform the important debate taking place about sugar.”

(www.bbc.com. Adaptado.)

Texto 2

Eating more fruits and veggies won’t make you lose weight

    We’re often told to eat more fruits and vegetables, but the chances that you’ll lose weight just by eating more of these foods are slim. New research suggests increased fruit and vegetable intake is only effective for weight loss if you make an effort to reduce your calorie intake overall.
    In other words, you need to exercise or consume fewer calories to shed those pounds.
    Don’t let that stop you from including more fruits and veggies in your diet, though. Even if they don’t directly help you lose weight, these foods still provide a number of health benefits.

(http://thechart.blogs.cnn.com. Adaptado.)