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Questões de Inglês
19.971 Questões
Questão 36 279160
EPCAR 2018Directions: Read the text below and answer question according to it.
SOME OF THE INTERNET'S CRAZIEST CONSPIRACY THEORIES
Michael Jackson Is Still Alive
The advent of the internet hasn't just cooked up1
new conspiracy theories, it's also accelerated existing
ones. If you refuse to believe that it was the Iranians that
[5] killed him, perhaps you'll be convinced that MJ is actually
still alive. Proof? His own daughter Paris Jackson took a
photo of him. Seriously. What do you mean you don't
see him? He's right there in the back seat, stacked2
under that pile of clothes wearing his iconic hat. Believe,
[10] man. Thriller Vol.2 to drop next year.
The Moon Doesn't Exist
It's no good looking at it, night after night. The
moon doesn't exist. It's a hologram, put there by persons
unknown. Of course, serial conspiracy theorist David
[15] Icke has a theory. There are also countless YouTubers
keeping an eye out, one of whom has gone as far as
"looking at it regularly for a year".
Jay Z Is A Time-Travelling Vampire
There are vast regions of the internet devoted to
[20] explaining why Jay Z is part of the Illuminati. Hence3
when this photo, which was taken in New York in 1939,
appeared last year, he was accused of being a timetraveller.
And a vampire. This video lists other old-time
celebrity lookalikes4, as well as suggesting that
[25] Hollywood stars don't age because they're the immortal
bloodsucking undead. Not because they're stuffed5 with
botox, then?
The Earth Is Hollow
Don't give up, readers. We're halfway through
[30] this list. We can make it to the end. Dig6 deep. Well, not
too deep. You see, the Earth is hollow7 and accessible
via portals at the north and south poles. Luckily though,
it's quite habitable down there, providing excellent living
quarters8 for the lost Viking colonies of Greenland and
[35] the Nazis, while "aliens" are in fact just visitors from the
subterranean areas.
Siri Can Predict The Apocalypse
Amazing as it may seem, given that it can't do
anything else you actually ask it to do, Siri can predict
[40] the apocalypse. When asked "What day is 27th July
2014?", Apple's assistant replied, "The opening of the
gate of Hades", aka9 The End Of The World. That date
has now passed without issue10. Say what you like about
the maligned MS Office paperclip, but at least he didn't
[45] scaremonger11 that the end was near.
We All Live In The Matrix And Billionaires Want To Break Us Out Of It
The New Yorker’s Tad Friend claims that many
people in Silicone Valley are obsessed with the idea that
[50] we're all living in a Matrix-like simulation, and some are
taking that obsession a stage further: “Two tech
billionaires have gone so far as to secretly engage
scientists to work on breaking us out of the
simulation.”Here's hoping Mark Zuckerberg is 'The One',
[55] yeah?
Hitler Is Still Alive
"Hitler is still alive" rumours have circulated since
the 1970s, fuelled by the fact that his crony Josef
Mengele hid in South America. Stories like this one,
[60] however, speculate the 125-year-old Hitler has been
responsible for various world disasters, including 9/11
and the 2010 Gulf oil spill, which happened on his
birthday. Other theories say he died in 1984 in Brazil,
aged 94. Or in Argentina, aged 73.
(Adapted from http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/20-of-the-internets-craziestconspiracy-theories/Acesso em: 14 de fev 2017)
Glossary:
1 - cook up – to invent a story, a plan, etc.
2 - stacked – covered with things
3 - hence – the reason, the explanation for
4 - lookalikes – similar in appearance
5 - stuffed – filled with something
6 - dig – to make a hole in the ground
7 - hollow – a hole or empty space
8 - quarter – a place to live
9 - aka – abbreviation for also known as
10 - issue – problem
11 - scaremonger – a person that creates stories that cause public fear
Mark the option that shows the appropriate question tag for the sentence.
“He's right there in the back seat”, ______? (line 8)
Questão 49 275945
FMJ 2018Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The hunger gains: extreme calorie-restriction diet shows anti-aging results
The idea that organisms can live longer, healthier lives by sharply reducing their calorie intake is not exactly new. Laboratory research has repeatedly demonstrated the anti- -aging value of calorie restriction, often called CR, in animals from nematodes to rats – with the implication that the same might be true for humans.
In practice though, permanently reducing calorie intake by 25 to 50 percent or more sounds to many like a way to extend life by making it not worth living. Researchers have also warned that what works for nematodes or rats may not work – and could even prove dangerous – in humans, by causing muscle or bone density loss, for example.
But now two new studies appear to move calorie restriction from the realm of wishful thinking to the brink of practical, and perhaps even tolerable, reality. Writing in Nature Communications, researchers at the University of Wisconsin- -Madison and the National Institute on Aging reported last month chronic calorie restriction produces significant health benefits in rhesus monkeys – a primate with humanlike aging patterns – indicating “that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.” The researchers describe one monkey they started on a 30 percent calorie restriction diet when he was 16 years old, late middle age for this type of animal. He is now 43, a longevity record for the species, according to the study, and the equivalent of a human living to 130.
In the second study, published in Science Translational Medicine, a research team led by gerontologist Valter Longo at the University of Southern California (U.S.C.) suggests it is possible to gain anti-aging benefits without signing up for a lifetime of hunger. Instead, a “fasting-mimicking diet,” practiced just five days a month for three months – and repeated at intervals as needed – is “safe, feasible and effective in reducing risk factors for aging and age-related diseases.”
Some researchers, however, still find the calorie-restriction argument unpersuasive. Leslie Robert, a biochemist and physician at the University of Paris who was not involved in the two new studies, says pharmaceutical approaches offer greater anti-aging potential than “inefficient and apparently harmful” diets. The important thing, adds Luigi Fontana, a longevity researcher at the Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis who also was not involved in the new work, is “if you’re doing a healthy diet, exercising, everything good, without doing anything extreme, without making life miserable by counting every single calorie.”
(Richard Conniff. www.scientificamerican.com, 16.02.2017. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the fifth paragraph “still find the calorierestriction argument unpersuasive”, the word in bold can be replaced, without changing the meaning of the sentence, by
Questão 48 275944
FMJ 2018Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The hunger gains: extreme calorie-restriction diet shows anti-aging results
The idea that organisms can live longer, healthier lives by sharply reducing their calorie intake is not exactly new. Laboratory research has repeatedly demonstrated the anti- -aging value of calorie restriction, often called CR, in animals from nematodes to rats – with the implication that the same might be true for humans.
In practice though, permanently reducing calorie intake by 25 to 50 percent or more sounds to many like a way to extend life by making it not worth living. Researchers have also warned that what works for nematodes or rats may not work – and could even prove dangerous – in humans, by causing muscle or bone density loss, for example.
But now two new studies appear to move calorie restriction from the realm of wishful thinking to the brink of practical, and perhaps even tolerable, reality. Writing in Nature Communications, researchers at the University of Wisconsin- -Madison and the National Institute on Aging reported last month chronic calorie restriction produces significant health benefits in rhesus monkeys – a primate with humanlike aging patterns – indicating “that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.” The researchers describe one monkey they started on a 30 percent calorie restriction diet when he was 16 years old, late middle age for this type of animal. He is now 43, a longevity record for the species, according to the study, and the equivalent of a human living to 130.
In the second study, published in Science Translational Medicine, a research team led by gerontologist Valter Longo at the University of Southern California (U.S.C.) suggests it is possible to gain anti-aging benefits without signing up for a lifetime of hunger. Instead, a “fasting-mimicking diet,” practiced just five days a month for three months – and repeated at intervals as needed – is “safe, feasible and effective in reducing risk factors for aging and age-related diseases.”
Some researchers, however, still find the calorie-restriction argument unpersuasive. Leslie Robert, a biochemist and physician at the University of Paris who was not involved in the two new studies, says pharmaceutical approaches offer greater anti-aging potential than “inefficient and apparently harmful” diets. The important thing, adds Luigi Fontana, a longevity researcher at the Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis who also was not involved in the new work, is “if you’re doing a healthy diet, exercising, everything good, without doing anything extreme, without making life miserable by counting every single calorie.”
(Richard Conniff. www.scientificamerican.com, 16.02.2017. Adaptado.)
No trecho do quarto parágrafo “Instead, a ‘fasting-mimicking diet,’”, o termo em destaque equivale, em português, a
Questão 46 275942
FMJ 2018Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The hunger gains: extreme calorie-restriction diet shows anti-aging results
The idea that organisms can live longer, healthier lives by sharply reducing their calorie intake is not exactly new. Laboratory research has repeatedly demonstrated the anti- -aging value of calorie restriction, often called CR, in animals from nematodes to rats – with the implication that the same might be true for humans.
In practice though, permanently reducing calorie intake by 25 to 50 percent or more sounds to many like a way to extend life by making it not worth living. Researchers have also warned that what works for nematodes or rats may not work – and could even prove dangerous – in humans, by causing muscle or bone density loss, for example.
But now two new studies appear to move calorie restriction from the realm of wishful thinking to the brink of practical, and perhaps even tolerable, reality. Writing in Nature Communications, researchers at the University of Wisconsin- -Madison and the National Institute on Aging reported last month chronic calorie restriction produces significant health benefits in rhesus monkeys – a primate with humanlike aging patterns – indicating “that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.” The researchers describe one monkey they started on a 30 percent calorie restriction diet when he was 16 years old, late middle age for this type of animal. He is now 43, a longevity record for the species, according to the study, and the equivalent of a human living to 130.
In the second study, published in Science Translational Medicine, a research team led by gerontologist Valter Longo at the University of Southern California (U.S.C.) suggests it is possible to gain anti-aging benefits without signing up for a lifetime of hunger. Instead, a “fasting-mimicking diet,” practiced just five days a month for three months – and repeated at intervals as needed – is “safe, feasible and effective in reducing risk factors for aging and age-related diseases.”
Some researchers, however, still find the calorie-restriction argument unpersuasive. Leslie Robert, a biochemist and physician at the University of Paris who was not involved in the two new studies, says pharmaceutical approaches offer greater anti-aging potential than “inefficient and apparently harmful” diets. The important thing, adds Luigi Fontana, a longevity researcher at the Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis who also was not involved in the new work, is “if you’re doing a healthy diet, exercising, everything good, without doing anything extreme, without making life miserable by counting every single calorie.”
(Richard Conniff. www.scientificamerican.com, 16.02.2017. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o estudo citado no terceiro parágrafo, os pesquisadores avaliaram um macaco que
Questão 42 275935
FMJ 2018Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The hunger gains: extreme calorie-restriction diet shows anti-aging results
The idea that organisms can live longer, healthier lives by sharply reducing their calorie intake is not exactly new. Laboratory research has repeatedly demonstrated the anti- -aging value of calorie restriction, often called CR, in animals from nematodes to rats – with the implication that the same might be true for humans.
In practice though, permanently reducing calorie intake by 25 to 50 percent or more sounds to many like a way to extend life by making it not worth living. Researchers have also warned that what works for nematodes or rats may not work – and could even prove dangerous – in humans, by causing muscle or bone density loss, for example.
But now two new studies appear to move calorie restriction from the realm of wishful thinking to the brink of practical, and perhaps even tolerable, reality. Writing in Nature Communications, researchers at the University of Wisconsin- -Madison and the National Institute on Aging reported last month chronic calorie restriction produces significant health benefits in rhesus monkeys – a primate with humanlike aging patterns – indicating “that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.” The researchers describe one monkey they started on a 30 percent calorie restriction diet when he was 16 years old, late middle age for this type of animal. He is now 43, a longevity record for the species, according to the study, and the equivalent of a human living to 130.
In the second study, published in Science Translational Medicine, a research team led by gerontologist Valter Longo at the University of Southern California (U.S.C.) suggests it is possible to gain anti-aging benefits without signing up for a lifetime of hunger. Instead, a “fasting-mimicking diet,” practiced just five days a month for three months – and repeated at intervals as needed – is “safe, feasible and effective in reducing risk factors for aging and age-related diseases.”
Some researchers, however, still find the calorie-restriction argument unpersuasive. Leslie Robert, a biochemist and physician at the University of Paris who was not involved in the two new studies, says pharmaceutical approaches offer greater anti-aging potential than “inefficient and apparently harmful” diets. The important thing, adds Luigi Fontana, a longevity researcher at the Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis who also was not involved in the new work, is “if you’re doing a healthy diet, exercising, everything good, without doing anything extreme, without making life miserable by counting every single calorie.”
(Richard Conniff. www.scientificamerican.com, 16.02.2017. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the first paragraph “the same might be true for humans”, the words in bold refer to
Questão 41 275933
FMJ 2018Leia o texto para responder à questão.
The hunger gains: extreme calorie-restriction diet shows anti-aging results
The idea that organisms can live longer, healthier lives by sharply reducing their calorie intake is not exactly new. Laboratory research has repeatedly demonstrated the anti- -aging value of calorie restriction, often called CR, in animals from nematodes to rats – with the implication that the same might be true for humans.
In practice though, permanently reducing calorie intake by 25 to 50 percent or more sounds to many like a way to extend life by making it not worth living. Researchers have also warned that what works for nematodes or rats may not work – and could even prove dangerous – in humans, by causing muscle or bone density loss, for example.
But now two new studies appear to move calorie restriction from the realm of wishful thinking to the brink of practical, and perhaps even tolerable, reality. Writing in Nature Communications, researchers at the University of Wisconsin- -Madison and the National Institute on Aging reported last month chronic calorie restriction produces significant health benefits in rhesus monkeys – a primate with humanlike aging patterns – indicating “that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.” The researchers describe one monkey they started on a 30 percent calorie restriction diet when he was 16 years old, late middle age for this type of animal. He is now 43, a longevity record for the species, according to the study, and the equivalent of a human living to 130.
In the second study, published in Science Translational Medicine, a research team led by gerontologist Valter Longo at the University of Southern California (U.S.C.) suggests it is possible to gain anti-aging benefits without signing up for a lifetime of hunger. Instead, a “fasting-mimicking diet,” practiced just five days a month for three months – and repeated at intervals as needed – is “safe, feasible and effective in reducing risk factors for aging and age-related diseases.”
Some researchers, however, still find the calorie-restriction argument unpersuasive. Leslie Robert, a biochemist and physician at the University of Paris who was not involved in the two new studies, says pharmaceutical approaches offer greater anti-aging potential than “inefficient and apparently harmful” diets. The important thing, adds Luigi Fontana, a longevity researcher at the Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis who also was not involved in the new work, is “if you’re doing a healthy diet, exercising, everything good, without doing anything extreme, without making life miserable by counting every single calorie.”
(Richard Conniff. www.scientificamerican.com, 16.02.2017. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o texto,
06