Questões de Inglês

TEXT I

Brazil's Former Olympic Chief Charged in 2016 Games Bribes Investigation

 

"RIO DE JANEIRO — Brazilian prosecutors charged the former head of the National Olympics Committee (Comitê Olímpico do Brasil, COB), Carlos Nuzman, and five other people with corruption based on an investigation of alleged bribery to have Rio de Janeiro host the 2016 Games.

    Nuzman, who was provisionally suspended by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and arrested in Rio on Oct. 5^th, was charged with racketeering, money laundering and violating currency laws. The former governor of Rio de Janeiro State, Sergio Cabral, and former COB director Leonardo Gryner were also charged with corruption in connection with a $2 million payment to guarantee votes for Rio, the prosecutors' office said.

    Nuzman, 75 years old, a former IOC member and now honorary member, is accused of arranging bribes to get the IOC to pick Rio as host of the 2016 Olympic Games. He has denied any wrongdoing.

    Rio was awarded the Games in 2009 over Chicago, Tokyo and Madrid. Those charged included Brazilian businessman Arthur Soares, who prosecutors said acted as an intermediary, and Lamine Diack, a former IOC member from Senegal and former head of the International Association of Athletics Federation.

    The IOC provisionally suspended Nuzman a day after he was arrested, along with the COB, which was responsible for Rio's bid to stage the Games. The IOC said Brazilian athletes would not be affected and Team Brazil would be able to take part at next year's Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang in South Korea.

    Nuzman resigned last week as head of the COB. In a letter to the committee he said he needed to devote himself to his legal defense and would not be returning."

(Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2017/10/18/sports/olympics/18reuters-brazil-corruption-olympics.html)

Choose the appropriate question tag answer for the following text fragment:

“Carlos Nuzman was provisionally suspended by the International Olympic Committee, ____________?”

TEXTO II

F.D.A. Approves First Drug Designed to Prevent Migraines

“Robin Overlock experienced frequent, debilitating migraines that would last days. After participating in a clinical trial for a new drug designed to prevent migraines, she says she now has only occasional headaches. Credit: Cheryl Senter for The New York Times”

 

    “The first medicine designed to prevent migraines was approved by the Food and Drug Administration on Thursday, ushering in what many experts believe will be a new era in treatment for people who suffer the most severe form of these headaches.

    The drug, Aimovig, made by Amgen and Novartis, is a monthly injection with a device similar to an insulin pen. The list price will be $6,900 a year, and Amgen said the drug will be available to patients within a week.

    Aimovig blocks a protein fragment, CGRP, which instigates and perpetuates migraines. Three other companies — Lilly, Teva and Alder — have similar medicines in the final stages of study or awaiting F.D.A. approval.

    “The drugs will have a huge impact,” said Dr. Amaal Starling, a neurologist and migraine specialist at the Mayo Clinic in Phoenix. “This is really an amazing time for my patient population and for general neurologists treating patients with migraine.””

(Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/17/health/migraines-prevention-drug)

 

What is the Tense of the following fragment obtained from the text: “treating” (4^th paragraph):

When it comes to politics and ‘fake news,’
facts aren’t enough

The myth that vaccines cause autism has persisted,
even though the facts paint an entirely different story.

 

    In today’s political climate, it sometimes feels like we can’t even agree on basic facts. We bombard each other with statistics and figures, hoping that more data will make a difference. A progressive person might show you the same climate change graphs over and over while a conservative person might point to the trillions of dollars of growing national debt. We’re left wondering, “Why can’t they just see? It’s so obvious!”

    Certain myths are so pervasive that no matter how many experts disprove them, they only seem to grow in popularity. There’s no shortage of serious studies showing no link between autism and vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for their young children.

    Tali Sharot, a cognitive neuroscientist at University College London, studies how our minds work and how we process new information. In her upcoming book, The Influential Mind, she explores why we ignore facts and how we can get people to actually listen to the truth. Tali shows that we’re open to new information – but only if it confirms our existing beliefs. We find ways to ignore facts that challenge our ideals. And as neuroscientist Bahador Bahrami and colleagues have found, we weigh all opinions as equally valid, regardless of expertise.

    So, having the data on your side is not always enough. For better or for worse, Sharot says, emotions may be the key to changing minds.

(Shankar Vedantam. www.npr.org. Adaptado.)

According to the second paragraph, the link between vaccines and autism

Considere a charge.

A charge, referente ao ambiente de trabalho, mostra um chefe sugerindo que seu funcionário

Leia o TEXTO 6 para responder à questão.

 

TEXTO 6

INTERNATIONAL DAY OF THE GIRL CHILD – 11 OCTOBER

[1] On December 19, 2011, United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution 66/170 to declare

October 11 as the International Day of the Girl Child, to recognize girls’ rights and the unique challenges

girls face around the world.

[4] The International Day of the Girl Child focuses attention on the need to address the challenges girls

face and to promote girls’ empowerment and the fulfilment of their human rights.

[6] Adolescent girls have the right to a safe, educated, and healthy life, not only during these critical

formative years, but also as they mature into women. If effectively supported during the adolescent years,

girls have the potential to change the world – both as the empowered girls of today and as tomorrow’s

workers, mothers, entrepreneurs, mentors, household heads, and political leaders. An investment in

realising the power of adolescent girls upholds their rights today and promises a more equitable and

prosperous future, one in which half of humanity is an equal partner in solving the problems of climate

change, political conflict, economic growth, disease prevention, and global sustainability.

[13] Over the last 15 years, the global community has made significant progress in improving the lives of

girls during early childhood. In 2015, girls in the first decade of life are more likely to enrol in primary

school, receive key vaccinations, and are less likely to suffer from health and nutrition problems than

were previous generations. However, there has been insufficient investment in addressing the challenges

girls face when they enter the second decade of their lives. This includes obtaining quality secondary and

higher education, avoiding child marriage, receiving information and services related to puberty and

reproductive health, and protecting themselves against unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted disease

and gender-based violence.

[21] As the global community launches the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for implementation

over the next 15 years, it is a good time to recognise the achievements made in supporting young girls,

while at the same time aspiring to support the current and upcoming generation of adolescent girls, to

truly fulfil their potential as key actors in achieving a sustainable and equitable world.

UNITED NATIONS. International day of the girl child – 11 october: background. Disponível em: <http://www.un.org/en/events/girlchild/background.shtml>. Acesso: 09 out. 2017. Adaptado.

O pronome they, destacado em negrito na linha 7 do TEXTO 6, refere-se ao termo

TEXT 1 

 

The Invitation 

 

It doesn’t interest me what you do for a living, I want to know what you ache for, and if you dare to dream of meeting your heart’s longing.

 

It doesn’t interest me how old you are. I want to know if you will risk looking like a fool for love, for your dreams, for the adventure of being alive. 

 

It doesn’t interest me what planets are squaring with your moon. I want to know if you have touched the center of your own sorrow, if you have been opened by life’s betrayals or have become shriveled and closed from fear of further pain. I want to know if you can sit with pain, mine or your own, without moving to hide it, or fade it or fix it. I want to know if you can be with joy, mine or even your own; if you can dance with the wilderness and let the ecstasy fill you to the tips of your fingers and toes without cautioning us to be careful, be realistic, or to remember the limitations of being a human. 

 

It doesn´t interest me if the story you´re telling me is true. I want to know if you can risk disappointing another to be true to yourself; if you can bear the accusation of betrayal and not betray your own soul. I want to know if you can be faithless and therefore be trustworthy. I want to know if you can see beauty even when it´s not pretty every day, and if you can source your life from its presence. I want to know if you can live with failure, yours and mine, and still stand on the edge of a lake and shout to the silver of the moon, “YES”. 

 

It doesn´t interest me to know where you live or how much money you have. I want to know if you can get up after a night of grief and despair, weary and bruised to the bone, and do what needs to be done for the children. It doesn´t matter to me who you are, how you came to be here. I want to know if you will stand in the center of the fire with me and not shrink back. 

 

It doesn´t interest me where or what or with whom you have studied. I want to know what sustains you from the inside when all else falls away. I want to know if you can be alone with yourself; and if you truly like the company you keep in the empty moments.

(By Oriah Mountain Dreamer from the book THE INVITATION (c) 1999. Published by HarperONE, San Francisco. All rights reserved. Presented with permission of the author. www.oriah.org) (theunboundedspirit.com/start-living) Accessed on March 27th, 2018.

 

The word “YES” in the fourth paragraph is related to: