Questões de Inglês

TEXTO:

The latest innovation that’s changing the way
you break a sweat is likely to have even the most
internet-savvy millennials starry-eyed with workout
wonder.Today marks the release of the interactive
[5] gym, Mirror ($1,495, plus a $39 monthly subscription).
    At first glance, the device looks like a sleek, no
frills reflective surface you might hang up to checkout
your leggings-sports bra combo before heading off to
spin class. Switch the device on however, and you’ll
[10] come face-to-face with a trainer who can lead you
through a full class of cardio, strength, yoga, Pilates,
barre, boxing, and stretch—all of which you can tailor
by time and skill-level to your personal fitness goals.
Visual feedback is at the center of the smart decor’s
[15] design. Not only can you see yourself and the trainer
as you perform each move in front of the device, but in
the live classes, the trainer can see you and offer you
feedback, like “Make sure you can see your toes in
chair pose!”
[20]    If you can’t catch one of the 50 or more real-time
sweat sessions offered per week, each category of
class is also available on-demand for midnight HIIT
(High Intensity Interval Training) sessions or spur of
the moment afternoon pick-me-ups.

Disponível em: https://www.wellandgood.com/good-sweat/mirror-athome-workout-equipment/. Acesso em: 05 mar. 2008. Adaptado.

Considering language use in the text, it’s correct to say:

Considere o texto a seguir para a questão.

 

Fasting ramps up human metabolism, study shows

The study, published January 29, 2019 in Scientific Reports, presents an analysis of whole human blood, plasma, and red blood cells drawn from four fasting individuals. The researchers monitored changing levels of metabolites -- substances formed during the chemical processes that grant organisms energy and allow them to grow. The results revealed 44 metabolites, including 30 that were previously unrecognized, that increased universally among subjects between 1.5- to 60-fold within just 58 hours of fasting.

In previous research, the G0 Cell Unit identified various metabolites whose quantities decline with age, including three known as leucine, isoleucine, and ophthalmic acid. In fasting individuals, these metabolites increase in level, suggesting a mechanism by which fasting could help increase longevity.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190131113934.htm

 

Quais são as duas descobertas relativas à prática do jejum que foram evidenciadas no texto?

Read the graph below and answer the next question based on it.

 

Leading causes of death
World, 2016

According to the graph above we can assert that

Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

 

How Sleep Strengthens Your Immune System

 

Numerous studies have reported the benefits of a good night’s sleep, and now researchers from Germany have found that sound sleep improves immune cells known as T cells.

“T cells are a type of… immune cells that fight against intracellular pathogens, for example virus-infected cells such as flu, HIV, herpes, and cancer cells,” Stoyan Dimitrov, PhD, told Healthline.

The study found a new mechanism through which sleep can assist the immune system.

“We show that the stress hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline and pro-inflammatory molecules prostaglandins inhibit the stickiness of a class of adhesion molecules called integrins,” Dr. Dimitrov said. “Because the levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and prostaglandins are low during sleep time, the stickiness of the integrins is stronger. This stickiness is important because in order for T cells to kill virus-infected cells or cancer cells, they need to get in direct contact with them, and the integrin stickiness is known to promote this contact.”

When cells in the body recognize a virally infected cell, they activate integrins, a sticky type of protein, that then allows them to attach to and kill infected cells.

The researchers compared T cells from healthy volunteers who either slept or stayed awake all night.

They found that in the study participants who slept, their T cells showed higher levels of integrin activation than in the T cells of those who were awake.

The findings indicate that sleep has the potential to improve T cell functioning. For people who get poor sleep, stress hormones may inhibit the ability of T cells to function as effectively.

Less than five hours sleep per night on a regular basis is associated with higher mortality, and having less than seven hours sleep for three nights in a row has the same effect on the body as missing one full night of sleep.

Poor sleep can increase inflammation, blood pressure, insulin resistance, cortisol, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease, as well as decrease blood sugar regulation.

Despite numerous studies proving the negative health impacts of poor sleep, experts say many people still don’t prioritize getting enough sleep.

Adaptado de: https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-sleepbolsters-your-immune-system#The-bottom-line Acessado em 21 de fevereiro de 2019.

A new research study has found that

Read the text.

 

Measles epidemics sweeping Europe as infections triple, EU diseases agency warns

 

Major outbreaks in Romania, Italy, Greece and Germany have taken root in areas with low vaccine uptake and have spread to UK

Cases of life-threatening measles tripled in Europe last year because of a continent-wide outbreak that has even reached the UK, an EU body has warned.

Data for 2017, released last month by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, shows there were 14,451 cases reported across 30 countries in 2017, compared to 4,600 in the previous 12 months.

Since the beginning of 2016 there have been 50 deaths due to the disease reported in the EU.

In the UK, more than 100 measles cases have been confirmed in six different regions.

Experts say these were brought in by visitors from regions with measles epidemics, primarily Greece (where there were 1,463 cases), Romania (10,623), Italy (4,991) and Germany (926).

New infections continue to mount and spread despite the disease being entirely preventable with vaccines.

Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/measles-epidemic-europe-eu-diseases-agency-infection-numbers-increase-a8208666.html Access 07/20/2018.

 

Analise as seguintes afirmações

 

I. Romênia, Itália e Grécia são os locais mais afetados pelo baixo índice de imunizações.
II. O contato com pessoas infectadas é um dos fatores de perpetuação da doença.
III. O contágio por sarampo só ocorre em crianças.
IV. A vacinação é a melhor forma de prevenção da doença.
V. A epidemia ficou restrita a uma região específica do continente europeu.

Read the text.

 

Is vitamin D really a cure-all – and how should we get our fix?

 

Evidence is growing that the ‘sunshine vitamin’ helps protect against a wide range of conditions including cancers

Vitamin D is having quite a moment. In the past few months, evidence has been growing that the “sunshine vitamin” not only has an important role in bone and muscle health, but might also help prevent a range of cancers, reduce the chance of developing rheumatoid arthritis, protect against multiple sclerosis and cut the risk of colds and flu.

Vitamin D is not one chemical, but a label that covers a group of substances, including vitamin D2 and D3. The latter is the form made when sunlight hits your skin and is also found in other animals. Non-animal sources such as fungi and yeasts primarily produce the D2 form. Once in the body, these substances are converted into biologically active steroids that circulate in the blood.

Martin Hewison, professor of molecular endocrinology at the University of Birmingham, who carried out the recent study into vitamin D and rheumatoid arthritis, said evidence from cell studies backs up the idea that the vitamin is important. “In most of the models, vitamin D appears to have quite a positive effect,” he said. “If you are using cancer cell lines or cancer cells, vitamin D has anti-cancer effects, and likewise in cells that have been used for models for infection and immune disorders, vitamin D has quite clear antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.” But when it comes to studies in humans, the picture is far from clear-cut.

Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/mar/09/is-vitamin-d-really-a-cure-all-and-how-should-we-get-our-fix Access 07/20/2018

 

De acordo com a informação contida no texto, qual seria a resposta apropriada para a pergunta do título?