Questões de Inglês

TEXTO:

 

China’s sex factor

    Over the years, China’s one-child policy has been

tied to a range of social ills, such as rising prostitution

and delayed marriage. Now it may be producing yet

another ugly side effect: a spike in crime. Even as rates

[5] have dropped in most Western countries, official statistics

show that China is becoming a more dangerous place,

with murder, robbery, and rape rates now surpassing

those in many European countries.

    Blame men. In January the Chinese Academy of

[10] Social Sciences found that the male-female birth ratio in

China has hit 119 males to 100 females, a new high,

and reaches 130:100 in some provinces. (That’s 10 to

20 percent higher than the average for industrialized

countries.) Some experts link this gap to the surge in

[15] violence. In an April 2009 paper, Columbia University’s

Lena Edlund suggested that the sex gap accounts for

up to one sixth of China’s crime increase between 1988

and 2004. Edlund points the finger at lower marriage

rates, noting that unmarried men are a destabilizing factor

[20] in society.

    Not everyone agrees that the gender gap is a bad

thing; a Columbia Business School study says it

encourages families to save cash to better position sons

in the spouse hunt. This increase in savings may serve

[25] to improve social stability and balance the sex gap’s

negative aspects. The crime increase has also been

attributed to the country’s growing underclass of migrant

workers, and it’s often unclear where the pressures of

work and courtship intersect to drive men to crime. But

[30] as China rises, it may unfortunately find it’s overtaking

the U.S. in crime as well.

FISH, Isaac Stone. China’s sex factor. Newsweek, New York, March 1, 2010 p. 9.

Considering their meanings, the word without any connection with the group is in alternative

TEXTO:

 

China’s sex factor

    Over the years, China’s one-child policy has been

tied to a range of social ills, such as rising prostitution

and delayed marriage. Now it may be producing yet

another ugly side effect: a spike in crime. Even as rates

[5] have dropped in most Western countries, official statistics

show that China is becoming a more dangerous place,

with murder, robbery, and rape rates now surpassing

those in many European countries.

    Blame men. In January the Chinese Academy of

[10] Social Sciences found that the male-female birth ratio in

China has hit 119 males to 100 females, a new high,

and reaches 130:100 in some provinces. (That’s 10 to

20 percent higher than the average for industrialized

countries.) Some experts link this gap to the surge in

[15] violence. In an April 2009 paper, Columbia University’s

Lena Edlund suggested that the sex gap accounts for

up to one sixth of China’s crime increase between 1988

and 2004. Edlund points the finger at lower marriage

rates, noting that unmarried men are a destabilizing factor

[20] in society.

    Not everyone agrees that the gender gap is a bad

thing; a Columbia Business School study says it

encourages families to save cash to better position sons

in the spouse hunt. This increase in savings may serve

[25] to improve social stability and balance the sex gap’s

negative aspects. The crime increase has also been

attributed to the country’s growing underclass of migrant

workers, and it’s often unclear where the pressures of

work and courtship intersect to drive men to crime. But

[30] as China rises, it may unfortunately find it’s overtaking

the U.S. in crime as well.

FISH, Isaac Stone. China’s sex factor. Newsweek, New York, March 1, 2010 p. 9.

“China’s one-child policy has been tied to a range of social ills” (l. 1-2)

The words in bold can be respectively replaced by

TEXTO:

 

China’s sex factor

    Over the years, China’s one-child policy has been

tied to a range of social ills, such as rising prostitution

and delayed marriage. Now it may be producing yet

another ugly side effect: a spike in crime. Even as rates

[5] have dropped in most Western countries, official statistics

show that China is becoming a more dangerous place,

with murder, robbery, and rape rates now surpassing

those in many European countries.

    Blame men. In January the Chinese Academy of

[10] Social Sciences found that the male-female birth ratio in

China has hit 119 males to 100 females, a new high,

and reaches 130:100 in some provinces. (That’s 10 to

20 percent higher than the average for industrialized

countries.) Some experts link this gap to the surge in

[15] violence. In an April 2009 paper, Columbia University’s

Lena Edlund suggested that the sex gap accounts for

up to one sixth of China’s crime increase between 1988

and 2004. Edlund points the finger at lower marriage

rates, noting that unmarried men are a destabilizing factor

[20] in society.

    Not everyone agrees that the gender gap is a bad

thing; a Columbia Business School study says it

encourages families to save cash to better position sons

in the spouse hunt. This increase in savings may serve

[25] to improve social stability and balance the sex gap’s

negative aspects. The crime increase has also been

attributed to the country’s growing underclass of migrant

workers, and it’s often unclear where the pressures of

work and courtship intersect to drive men to crime. But

[30] as China rises, it may unfortunately find it’s overtaking

the U.S. in crime as well.

FISH, Isaac Stone. China’s sex factor. Newsweek, New York, March 1, 2010 p. 9.

The gender gap is also said to have its positive side. According to the Columbia Business School study mentioned in the third paragraph, the only one not mentioned in the text is:

TEXTO:

 

China’s sex factor

    Over the years, China’s one-child policy has been

tied to a range of social ills, such as rising prostitution

and delayed marriage. Now it may be producing yet

another ugly side effect: a spike in crime. Even as rates

[5] have dropped in most Western countries, official statistics

show that China is becoming a more dangerous place,

with murder, robbery, and rape rates now surpassing

those in many European countries.

    Blame men. In January the Chinese Academy of

[10] Social Sciences found that the male-female birth ratio in

China has hit 119 males to 100 females, a new high,

and reaches 130:100 in some provinces. (That’s 10 to

20 percent higher than the average for industrialized

countries.) Some experts link this gap to the surge in

[15] violence. In an April 2009 paper, Columbia University’s

Lena Edlund suggested that the sex gap accounts for

up to one sixth of China’s crime increase between 1988

and 2004. Edlund points the finger at lower marriage

rates, noting that unmarried men are a destabilizing factor

[20] in society.

    Not everyone agrees that the gender gap is a bad

thing; a Columbia Business School study says it

encourages families to save cash to better position sons

in the spouse hunt. This increase in savings may serve

[25] to improve social stability and balance the sex gap’s

negative aspects. The crime increase has also been

attributed to the country’s growing underclass of migrant

workers, and it’s often unclear where the pressures of

work and courtship intersect to drive men to crime. But

[30] as China rises, it may unfortunately find it’s overtaking

the U.S. in crime as well.

FISH, Isaac Stone. China’s sex factor. Newsweek, New York, March 1, 2010 p. 9.

“Edlund points the finger at lower marriage rates, noting that unmarried men are a destabilizing factor in society” (l. 18-20)

Considering China’s crime increase, in this sentence, Edlund

TEXTO:

 

China’s sex factor

    Over the years, China’s one-child policy has been

tied to a range of social ills, such as rising prostitution

and delayed marriage. Now it may be producing yet

another ugly side effect: a spike in crime. Even as rates

[5] have dropped in most Western countries, official statistics

show that China is becoming a more dangerous place,

with murder, robbery, and rape rates now surpassing

those in many European countries.

    Blame men. In January the Chinese Academy of

[10] Social Sciences found that the male-female birth ratio in

China has hit 119 males to 100 females, a new high,

and reaches 130:100 in some provinces. (That’s 10 to

20 percent higher than the average for industrialized

countries.) Some experts link this gap to the surge in

[15] violence. In an April 2009 paper, Columbia University’s

Lena Edlund suggested that the sex gap accounts for

up to one sixth of China’s crime increase between 1988

and 2004. Edlund points the finger at lower marriage

rates, noting that unmarried men are a destabilizing factor

[20] in society.

    Not everyone agrees that the gender gap is a bad

thing; a Columbia Business School study says it

encourages families to save cash to better position sons

in the spouse hunt. This increase in savings may serve

[25] to improve social stability and balance the sex gap’s

negative aspects. The crime increase has also been

attributed to the country’s growing underclass of migrant

workers, and it’s often unclear where the pressures of

work and courtship intersect to drive men to crime. But

[30] as China rises, it may unfortunately find it’s overtaking

the U.S. in crime as well.

FISH, Isaac Stone. China’s sex factor. Newsweek, New York, March 1, 2010 p. 9.

Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False).

 

China’s one-child policy and the gender gap might be contributing to crime increase in that country.

 

This is clearly stated in the following fragments from the text:

 

(  ) “Over the years, China’s one-child policy has been tied to a range of social ills, such as rising prostitution and delayed marriage.” (l. 1-3).

(  ) “Now it may be producing yet another ugly side effect: a spike in crime. (l. 3-4).

(  ) “That’s 10 to 20 percent higher than the average for industrialized countries” (l. 12-14).

(  ) “Some experts link this gap to the surge in violence.” (l. 14-15).

(  ) The crime increase has also been attributed to the country’s growing underclass of migrant workers” (l. 26-28).

According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

    According to a government study released this

week, the number of Brazilians suffering from obesity is

growing. And the trend toward the fuller figure is most

prevalent among women. “Obesity among women had

[5] stabilized in previous studies, and now there is an

expressive increase,” says Deborah Malta, the study’s

coordinator. “That is very worrying.”

    The study covered many health-related topics and

offered some contradictory figures as well. Although

[10] Brazilians are getting fatter, they are eating less red meat

and more fruits and vegetables, Malta reports. They are

smoking less and taking more preventive tests such as

mammograms and pap smears. But they are using less

sunscreen and drinking more, especially to excess and

[15] often when driving.

    Nevertheless, in body-conscious Brazil, the nation

of Gisele Bündchen, plastic surgery and minuscule

bikinis, it was the obesity figures that caused the most

anxiety. When the New York Times reported in 2005

[20] that Brazilians were getting fatter, the correspondent

came under attack in the media as a gay, Brazilian-hating

heretic.

    According to Malta, Brazilians are relatively slim

compared with their counterparts in the West. “I think

[25] Brazilians are still worried about their bodies. When we

compare ourselves to the rest of the world, we are still

much thinner,” she tells TIME. “And remember, this is

not just Brazilians that are getting fatter — this is a

worldwide phenomenon.”

[30]    Independent experts, however, caution against such

nationalistic one-upmanship. Already one-quarter of

hospital beds are taken up by people suffering from

weight-related ailments such as heart attacks, back

surgeries and hip and joint replacements, says Luiz

[35] Vicente Berti, president of the Brazilian Society of

Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Unless preventive action

is taken to educate people, he warns, Brazil faces a

sick and expensive future. “If we don’t teach people how

to eat properly and exercise, then in 10 years no one

[40] will have the money to pay the hospital bills that

will arise,” Berti says, adding that the number of

stomach-reduction surgeries carried out in Brazil had

risen 500%. “The U.S. can’t solve its problem, and it is

the biggest economy in the world.”

DOWNIE, Andrew . Brazilian obesity : the big girl from Ipanema. São Paulo Friday, Apr. 10, 2009. Disponível em: <http://www.time.com/time/ world/article/>. Acesso em: 3 nov. 2010.

“If we don’t teach people how to eat properly and exercise, then in 10 years no one will have the money to pay the hospital bills that will arise” (l. 38-41)

 

This sentence describes