Questões de Inglês

Digital addiction: how technology keeps us hooked

June 12, 2018 7.47am EDT

 

The World Health Organisation is to include “gaming disorder”, the inability to stop gaming, into the International Classification of Diseases. By doing so, the WHO is recognising the serious and growing problem of digital addiction. The problem has also been acknowledged by Google, which recently announced that it will begin focusing on “Digital Well-being”.

 

Although there is a growing recognition of the problem, users are still not aware of exactly how digital technology is designed to facilitate addiction. We’re part of a research team that focuses on digital addiction and here are some of the techniques and mechanisms that digital media use to keep you hooked.

 

Compulsive checking

 

Digital technologies, such as social networks, online shopping, and games, use a set of persuasive and motivational techniques to keep users returning. These include “scarcity” (a snap or status is only temporarily available, encouraging you to get online quickly); “social proof” (20,000 users retweeted an article so you should go online and read it); “personalisation” (your news feed is designed to filter and display news based on your interest); and “reciprocity” (invite more friends to get extra points, and once your friends are part of the network it becomes much more difficult for you or them to leave).

Some digital platforms use features normally associated with slot machines. Antoine Taveneaux/ Wikimedia, CC BY

Technology is designed to utilise the basic human need to feel a sense of belonging and connection with others. So, a fear of missing out, commonly known as FoMO, is at the heart of many features of social media design.

'Groups and forums in social media promote active participation. Notifications and “presence features” keep people notified of each others’ availability and activities in real-time so that some start to become compulsive checkers. This includes “two ticks” on instant messaging tools, such as Whatsapp. Users can see whether their message has been delivered and read. This creates pressure on each person to respond quickly to the other.

 

Addiction and awareness

 

People using digital media do exhibit symptoms of behavioural addiction. These include salience, conflict, and mood modification when they check their online profiles regularly. Often people feel the need to engage with digital devices even if it is inappropriate or dangerous for them to do so. If disconnected or unable to interact as desired, they become preoccupied with missing opportunities to engage with their online social

networks.theconversation.com

According to text “gaming disorder” is:

Why is Trash a Problem?

 

    Trash is becoming a larger and larger problem for us and for the environment. As we continue to waste more and more, we use more natural resources and increase pollution in our world.

    About 900 million trees are cut down each year to create raw materials for American paper and paper mills. The average American uses 18 tons of paper, 23 tons of wood, 16 tons of metal, and 32 tons of organic chemicals in one lifetime. The oil from an oil change in a car can end up in oceans, sewers, and landfills, contaminating millions of gallons of water. These and other facts show us that our world cannot continue to sustain this amount of waste. Conservation and recycling need to become more frequent actions. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

 

What Happens to Our Trash?

 

    America accounts for over one-third of the world’s waste. Most of that trash ends up in landfills. In the United States, one ton of waste per person ends up in landfills each year. Also, about seventy percent of U.S. municipal waste is buried in landfills. The Fresh Kills landfill in New York City is one of the only man-made structures visible from space! (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

    Much of our garbage also is dumped into the ocean. About ten percent of all the world’s plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Due to ocean currents, most of this plastic gathers in the Pacific Ocean. It also greatly affects marine life. Over a million seabirds and 100 thousand marine mammals die every year from trying to eat these plastics which they mistake for food. (Marks and Howden, 2008)

    Recycling and composting are other ways to deal with trash. Both recycling and composting can decrease the use of resources, the amount of pollution in the atmosphere, and the amount of trash which would end up in landfills or the ocean. Recycling can save trees, landfill space, water, energy, oil, and greatly reduce pollution. For example, recycling an aluminum soda can saves 96% of the energy used to make a can from ore, and also decreases by about 96% the amount of air and water pollution emitted from the production of cans from ore. And 1,500 aluminum cans are recycled every second in the     U.S. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

Even though more than thirty percent of household wastes are compostable, most of these go to landfills. Composting can greatly reduce the volume of waste sent to landfills, reduce the amount of pollution created from landfills, and is also an inexpensive way of creating natural fertilizer for plants. Despite these advantages, composting is rarely done by most families. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

By garbologychallenge.weebly.com

And where about 10% of all the world’s plastic waste end up?

Why is Trash a Problem?

 

    Trash is becoming a larger and larger problem for us and for the environment. As we continue to waste more and more, we use more natural resources and increase pollution in our world.

    About 900 million trees are cut down each year to create raw materials for American paper and paper mills. The average American uses 18 tons of paper, 23 tons of wood, 16 tons of metal, and 32 tons of organic chemicals in one lifetime. The oil from an oil change in a car can end up in oceans, sewers, and landfills, contaminating millions of gallons of water. These and other facts show us that our world cannot continue to sustain this amount of waste. Conservation and recycling need to become more frequent actions. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

 

What Happens to Our Trash?

 

    America accounts for over one-third of the world’s waste. Most of that trash ends up in landfills. In the United States, one ton of waste per person ends up in landfills each year. Also, about seventy percent of U.S. municipal waste is buried in landfills. The Fresh Kills landfill in New York City is one of the only man-made structures visible from space! (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

    Much of our garbage also is dumped into the ocean. About ten percent of all the world’s plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Due to ocean currents, most of this plastic gathers in the Pacific Ocean. It also greatly affects marine life. Over a million seabirds and 100 thousand marine mammals die every year from trying to eat these plastics which they mistake for food. (Marks and Howden, 2008)

    Recycling and composting are other ways to deal with trash. Both recycling and composting can decrease the use of resources, the amount of pollution in the atmosphere, and the amount of trash which would end up in landfills or the ocean. Recycling can save trees, landfill space, water, energy, oil, and greatly reduce pollution. For example, recycling an aluminum soda can saves 96% of the energy used to make a can from ore, and also decreases by about 96% the amount of air and water pollution emitted from the production of cans from ore. And 1,500 aluminum cans are recycled every second in the     U.S. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

Even though more than thirty percent of household wastes are compostable, most of these go to landfills. Composting can greatly reduce the volume of waste sent to landfills, reduce the amount of pollution created from landfills, and is also an inexpensive way of creating natural fertilizer for plants. Despite these advantages, composting is rarely done by most families. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

By garbologychallenge.weebly.com

What does the average American use in one lifetime?

Why is Trash a Problem?

 

    Trash is becoming a larger and larger problem for us and for the environment. As we continue to waste more and more, we use more natural resources and increase pollution in our world.

    About 900 million trees are cut down each year to create raw materials for American paper and paper mills. The average American uses 18 tons of paper, 23 tons of wood, 16 tons of metal, and 32 tons of organic chemicals in one lifetime. The oil from an oil change in a car can end up in oceans, sewers, and landfills, contaminating millions of gallons of water. These and other facts show us that our world cannot continue to sustain this amount of waste. Conservation and recycling need to become more frequent actions. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

 

What Happens to Our Trash?

 

    America accounts for over one-third of the world’s waste. Most of that trash ends up in landfills. In the United States, one ton of waste per person ends up in landfills each year. Also, about seventy percent of U.S. municipal waste is buried in landfills. The Fresh Kills landfill in New York City is one of the only man-made structures visible from space! (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

    Much of our garbage also is dumped into the ocean. About ten percent of all the world’s plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Due to ocean currents, most of this plastic gathers in the Pacific Ocean. It also greatly affects marine life. Over a million seabirds and 100 thousand marine mammals die every year from trying to eat these plastics which they mistake for food. (Marks and Howden, 2008)

    Recycling and composting are other ways to deal with trash. Both recycling and composting can decrease the use of resources, the amount of pollution in the atmosphere, and the amount of trash which would end up in landfills or the ocean. Recycling can save trees, landfill space, water, energy, oil, and greatly reduce pollution. For example, recycling an aluminum soda can saves 96% of the energy used to make a can from ore, and also decreases by about 96% the amount of air and water pollution emitted from the production of cans from ore. And 1,500 aluminum cans are recycled every second in the     U.S. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

Even though more than thirty percent of household wastes are compostable, most of these go to landfills. Composting can greatly reduce the volume of waste sent to landfills, reduce the amount of pollution created from landfills, and is also an inexpensive way of creating natural fertilizer for plants. Despite these advantages, composting is rarely done by most families. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

By garbologychallenge.weebly.com

Where do they use the raw materials from about 900 million trees that they cut down:

Why is Trash a Problem?

 

    Trash is becoming a larger and larger problem for us and for the environment. As we continue to waste more and more, we use more natural resources and increase pollution in our world.

    About 900 million trees are cut down each year to create raw materials for American paper and paper mills. The average American uses 18 tons of paper, 23 tons of wood, 16 tons of metal, and 32 tons of organic chemicals in one lifetime. The oil from an oil change in a car can end up in oceans, sewers, and landfills, contaminating millions of gallons of water. These and other facts show us that our world cannot continue to sustain this amount of waste. Conservation and recycling need to become more frequent actions. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

 

What Happens to Our Trash?

 

    America accounts for over one-third of the world’s waste. Most of that trash ends up in landfills. In the United States, one ton of waste per person ends up in landfills each year. Also, about seventy percent of U.S. municipal waste is buried in landfills. The Fresh Kills landfill in New York City is one of the only man-made structures visible from space! (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

    Much of our garbage also is dumped into the ocean. About ten percent of all the world’s plastic waste ends up in the ocean. Due to ocean currents, most of this plastic gathers in the Pacific Ocean. It also greatly affects marine life. Over a million seabirds and 100 thousand marine mammals die every year from trying to eat these plastics which they mistake for food. (Marks and Howden, 2008)

    Recycling and composting are other ways to deal with trash. Both recycling and composting can decrease the use of resources, the amount of pollution in the atmosphere, and the amount of trash which would end up in landfills or the ocean. Recycling can save trees, landfill space, water, energy, oil, and greatly reduce pollution. For example, recycling an aluminum soda can saves 96% of the energy used to make a can from ore, and also decreases by about 96% the amount of air and water pollution emitted from the production of cans from ore. And 1,500 aluminum cans are recycled every second in the     U.S. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

Even though more than thirty percent of household wastes are compostable, most of these go to landfills. Composting can greatly reduce the volume of waste sent to landfills, reduce the amount of pollution created from landfills, and is also an inexpensive way of creating natural fertilizer for plants. Despite these advantages, composting is rarely done by most families. (Clean Air Council Waste Facts and Figures, 2006)

By garbologychallenge.weebly.com

Why is trash becoming a large problem for us and for the environment?

Leia a tirinha a seguir.

A tirinha, parte de uma história em quadrinhos, possui uma mensagem humorística.

 

Esse diálogo entre John e Garfield acontece porque: