Questões de Inglês

TEXTO:

Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire

Rewarding blue-sky thinkers with $3 million each.

    Three weeks ago the lives of nine physicists across

the world were transformed when they were phoned by a

mysterious Russian. The Russian, whom most had never

met or heard of, told each scientist he was awarding

5 him $3 million. The money is part of the new Fundamental

Physics Prize, announced publicly July 31. Awarding a

total of $27 million, it is the largest science prize in

history, dwarfing the Nobel Prize.

    The mysterious Russian behind the money is

10 50-year-old Yuri Milner. In 2009 Milner came out of

nowhere to become the biggest single investor in

Facebook, a move many thought was madness but that

helped make him a billionaire. He is the originator of a

method of investment into IT companies that was called

15 unworkable — but has become a new paradigm. At

conferences, Milner seems a little bored when asked to

discuss everyday business. Instead he comes alive when

talking about how the Internet is creating a global brain

that connects machines and men into one interlinked

20 intelligence.

    Milner originally studied theoretical physics,

working on his Ph.D. in the same department as Nobel

Prize winner and dissident Andrei Sakharov. Sakharov

inspired Milner by constantly asking, “Where will science

25 be in 10 years’ time?” Predicting the future has always

been Milner’s obsession. Today his Moscow penthouse

feels like a spaceship: monitors and screens are

everywhere.

    Milner dropped out of the Ph.D. program in the late

30 1980s when he realized he wasn’t made of Nobel stuff.

He was already honing his business skills, selling

beat-up Western computers on the gray market of

perestroika Moscow. He studied at the University of

Pennsylvania. When he returned to Russia, oil and gas

35 were all the rage. But Milner was already convinced the

Internet would change the world. He invested in Russian

IT in the early 2000s, when it was deeply unprofitable. In

2009 he used every connection he had to arrange a

meeting with Mark Zuckerberg. When they met, Milner

40 didn’t talk money — just about the digital future. They

clicked, and Zuckerberg let Milner invest in Facebook.

Since then, Milner’s invested in Twitter, Groupon, and

Zynga. He never asks for a seat on board. He doesn’t

spread his bets. He just wants to spot the next visionary

45 and invest big.

    The difference between the Nobel Prize and the

Fundamental Physics Prize is that Milner doesn’t require

evidential proof for an idea, a process that takes decades.

It’s aimed at young scientists, the blue-sky thinkers

50 researching the likes of quantum fluctuations and string

theory- those who push the frontiers of knowledge and

change paradigms. That seems to be the space where

Milner feels at home.

POMERANTSEV, Peter. Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire. Newsweek. Aug. 13, 2012 p.8. 

TEXTO:

Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire

Rewarding blue-sky thinkers with $3 million each.

    Three weeks ago the lives of nine physicists across

the world were transformed when they were phoned by a

mysterious Russian. The Russian, whom most had never

met or heard of, told each scientist he was awarding

5 him $3 million. The money is part of the new Fundamental

Physics Prize, announced publicly July 31. Awarding a

total of $27 million, it is the largest science prize in

history, dwarfing the Nobel Prize.

    The mysterious Russian behind the money is

10 50-year-old Yuri Milner. In 2009 Milner came out of

nowhere to become the biggest single investor in

Facebook, a move many thought was madness but that

helped make him a billionaire. He is the originator of a

method of investment into IT companies that was called

15 unworkable — but has become a new paradigm. At

conferences, Milner seems a little bored when asked to

discuss everyday business. Instead he comes alive when

talking about how the Internet is creating a global brain

that connects machines and men into one interlinked

20 intelligence.

    Milner originally studied theoretical physics,

working on his Ph.D. in the same department as Nobel

Prize winner and dissident Andrei Sakharov. Sakharov

inspired Milner by constantly asking, “Where will science

25 be in 10 years’ time?” Predicting the future has always

been Milner’s obsession. Today his Moscow penthouse

feels like a spaceship: monitors and screens are

everywhere.

    Milner dropped out of the Ph.D. program in the late

30 1980s when he realized he wasn’t made of Nobel stuff.

He was already honing his business skills, selling

beat-up Western computers on the gray market of

perestroika Moscow. He studied at the University of

Pennsylvania. When he returned to Russia, oil and gas

35 were all the rage. But Milner was already convinced the

Internet would change the world. He invested in Russian

IT in the early 2000s, when it was deeply unprofitable. In

2009 he used every connection he had to arrange a

meeting with Mark Zuckerberg. When they met, Milner

40 didn’t talk money — just about the digital future. They

clicked, and Zuckerberg let Milner invest in Facebook.

Since then, Milner’s invested in Twitter, Groupon, and

Zynga. He never asks for a seat on board. He doesn’t

spread his bets. He just wants to spot the next visionary

45 and invest big.

    The difference between the Nobel Prize and the

Fundamental Physics Prize is that Milner doesn’t require

evidential proof for an idea, a process that takes decades.

It’s aimed at young scientists, the blue-sky thinkers

50 researching the likes of quantum fluctuations and string

theory- those who push the frontiers of knowledge and

change paradigms. That seems to be the space where

Milner feels at home.

POMERANTSEV, Peter. Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire. Newsweek. Aug. 13, 2012 p.8. 

TEXTO:

Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire

Rewarding blue-sky thinkers with $3 million each.

    Three weeks ago the lives of nine physicists across

the world were transformed when they were phoned by a

mysterious Russian. The Russian, whom most had never

met or heard of, told each scientist he was awarding

5 him $3 million. The money is part of the new Fundamental

Physics Prize, announced publicly July 31. Awarding a

total of $27 million, it is the largest science prize in

history, dwarfing the Nobel Prize.

    The mysterious Russian behind the money is

10 50-year-old Yuri Milner. In 2009 Milner came out of

nowhere to become the biggest single investor in

Facebook, a move many thought was madness but that

helped make him a billionaire. He is the originator of a

method of investment into IT companies that was called

15 unworkable — but has become a new paradigm. At

conferences, Milner seems a little bored when asked to

discuss everyday business. Instead he comes alive when

talking about how the Internet is creating a global brain

that connects machines and men into one interlinked

20 intelligence.

    Milner originally studied theoretical physics,

working on his Ph.D. in the same department as Nobel

Prize winner and dissident Andrei Sakharov. Sakharov

inspired Milner by constantly asking, “Where will science

25 be in 10 years’ time?” Predicting the future has always

been Milner’s obsession. Today his Moscow penthouse

feels like a spaceship: monitors and screens are

everywhere.

    Milner dropped out of the Ph.D. program in the late

30 1980s when he realized he wasn’t made of Nobel stuff.

He was already honing his business skills, selling

beat-up Western computers on the gray market of

perestroika Moscow. He studied at the University of

Pennsylvania. When he returned to Russia, oil and gas

35 were all the rage. But Milner was already convinced the

Internet would change the world. He invested in Russian

IT in the early 2000s, when it was deeply unprofitable. In

2009 he used every connection he had to arrange a

meeting with Mark Zuckerberg. When they met, Milner

40 didn’t talk money — just about the digital future. They

clicked, and Zuckerberg let Milner invest in Facebook.

Since then, Milner’s invested in Twitter, Groupon, and

Zynga. He never asks for a seat on board. He doesn’t

spread his bets. He just wants to spot the next visionary

45 and invest big.

    The difference between the Nobel Prize and the

Fundamental Physics Prize is that Milner doesn’t require

evidential proof for an idea, a process that takes decades.

It’s aimed at young scientists, the blue-sky thinkers

50 researching the likes of quantum fluctuations and string

theory- those who push the frontiers of knowledge and

change paradigms. That seems to be the space where

Milner feels at home.

POMERANTSEV, Peter. Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire. Newsweek. Aug. 13, 2012 p.8. 

TEXTO:

Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire

Rewarding blue-sky thinkers with $3 million each.

    Three weeks ago the lives of nine physicists across

the world were transformed when they were phoned by a

mysterious Russian. The Russian, whom most had never

met or heard of, told each scientist he was awarding

5 him $3 million. The money is part of the new Fundamental

Physics Prize, announced publicly July 31. Awarding a

total of $27 million, it is the largest science prize in

history, dwarfing the Nobel Prize.

    The mysterious Russian behind the money is

10 50-year-old Yuri Milner. In 2009 Milner came out of

nowhere to become the biggest single investor in

Facebook, a move many thought was madness but that

helped make him a billionaire. He is the originator of a

method of investment into IT companies that was called

15 unworkable — but has become a new paradigm. At

conferences, Milner seems a little bored when asked to

discuss everyday business. Instead he comes alive when

talking about how the Internet is creating a global brain

that connects machines and men into one interlinked

20 intelligence.

    Milner originally studied theoretical physics,

working on his Ph.D. in the same department as Nobel

Prize winner and dissident Andrei Sakharov. Sakharov

inspired Milner by constantly asking, “Where will science

25 be in 10 years’ time?” Predicting the future has always

been Milner’s obsession. Today his Moscow penthouse

feels like a spaceship: monitors and screens are

everywhere.

    Milner dropped out of the Ph.D. program in the late

30 1980s when he realized he wasn’t made of Nobel stuff.

He was already honing his business skills, selling

beat-up Western computers on the gray market of

perestroika Moscow. He studied at the University of

Pennsylvania. When he returned to Russia, oil and gas

35 were all the rage. But Milner was already convinced the

Internet would change the world. He invested in Russian

IT in the early 2000s, when it was deeply unprofitable. In

2009 he used every connection he had to arrange a

meeting with Mark Zuckerberg. When they met, Milner

40 didn’t talk money — just about the digital future. They

clicked, and Zuckerberg let Milner invest in Facebook.

Since then, Milner’s invested in Twitter, Groupon, and

Zynga. He never asks for a seat on board. He doesn’t

spread his bets. He just wants to spot the next visionary

45 and invest big.

    The difference between the Nobel Prize and the

Fundamental Physics Prize is that Milner doesn’t require

evidential proof for an idea, a process that takes decades.

It’s aimed at young scientists, the blue-sky thinkers

50 researching the likes of quantum fluctuations and string

theory- those who push the frontiers of knowledge and

change paradigms. That seems to be the space where

Milner feels at home.

POMERANTSEV, Peter. Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire. Newsweek. Aug. 13, 2012 p.8. 

TEXTO:

Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire

Rewarding blue-sky thinkers with $3 million each.

    Three weeks ago the lives of nine physicists across

the world were transformed when they were phoned by a

mysterious Russian. The Russian, whom most had never

met or heard of, told each scientist he was awarding

5 him $3 million. The money is part of the new Fundamental

Physics Prize, announced publicly July 31. Awarding a

total of $27 million, it is the largest science prize in

history, dwarfing the Nobel Prize.

    The mysterious Russian behind the money is

10 50-year-old Yuri Milner. In 2009 Milner came out of

nowhere to become the biggest single investor in

Facebook, a move many thought was madness but that

helped make him a billionaire. He is the originator of a

method of investment into IT companies that was called

15 unworkable — but has become a new paradigm. At

conferences, Milner seems a little bored when asked to

discuss everyday business. Instead he comes alive when

talking about how the Internet is creating a global brain

that connects machines and men into one interlinked

20 intelligence.

    Milner originally studied theoretical physics,

working on his Ph.D. in the same department as Nobel

Prize winner and dissident Andrei Sakharov. Sakharov

inspired Milner by constantly asking, “Where will science

25 be in 10 years’ time?” Predicting the future has always

been Milner’s obsession. Today his Moscow penthouse

feels like a spaceship: monitors and screens are

everywhere.

    Milner dropped out of the Ph.D. program in the late

30 1980s when he realized he wasn’t made of Nobel stuff.

He was already honing his business skills, selling

beat-up Western computers on the gray market of

perestroika Moscow. He studied at the University of

Pennsylvania. When he returned to Russia, oil and gas

35 were all the rage. But Milner was already convinced the

Internet would change the world. He invested in Russian

IT in the early 2000s, when it was deeply unprofitable. In

2009 he used every connection he had to arrange a

meeting with Mark Zuckerberg. When they met, Milner

40 didn’t talk money — just about the digital future. They

clicked, and Zuckerberg let Milner invest in Facebook.

Since then, Milner’s invested in Twitter, Groupon, and

Zynga. He never asks for a seat on board. He doesn’t

spread his bets. He just wants to spot the next visionary

45 and invest big.

    The difference between the Nobel Prize and the

Fundamental Physics Prize is that Milner doesn’t require

evidential proof for an idea, a process that takes decades.

It’s aimed at young scientists, the blue-sky thinkers

50 researching the likes of quantum fluctuations and string

theory- those who push the frontiers of knowledge and

change paradigms. That seems to be the space where

Milner feels at home.

POMERANTSEV, Peter. Yuri Milner, Russian billionaire. Newsweek. Aug. 13, 2012 p.8. 

TEXTO:

    For the first time, scientists have created human

embryos that are genetic copies of living people and used

them to make stem cells — a feat that paves the way for

treating a range of diseases with personalized body

5 tissues but also ignites fears of human cloning. If

replicated in other labs, the methods detailed Wednesday

in the journal Cell would allow researchers to fashion

human embryonic stem cells that are custom-made for

patients with Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and other

10 health problems.

    Theoretically capable of reproducing themselves

indefinitely, these stem cells could be used to grow

replacements for a wide variety of diseased cells — those

of the blood, skin, heart, brain, muscles, nerves and

15 more — that would not risk rejection by the patient’s

immune system.

    The report also raises the specter that, with a

high-quality donor egg, a bit of skin, some careful tending

in a lab and the womb of a willing surrogate, humans

20 have cracked the biological secret to reproducing

themselves. That is an objective American scientists

have squarely renounced as unethical and scientifically

irresponsible. At the same time, most acknowledge that

such “reproductive cloning” will one day prove too

25 tempting to resist.

    In the hope that other researchers will validate and

extend their results, the scientists at Oregon Health &

Science University provided an exceptionally detailed

account of their techniques. For anyone with a

30 well-equipped fertility lab, the comprehensive guide could

also be a useful handbook for cloning a baby. The

success of the experiments rekindled debate among

bioethicists, who have long anticipated that human

cloning would become a reality.

HEALY, Melissa. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 13 maio 2013.