Questões de Inglês

CATEGORIES OF TERRORIST GROUPS

There are many different categories of terrorism and terrorist groups that are currently in use. These categories serve to differentiate terrorist organizations according to specific criteria, which are usually related to the field or specialty of whoever is selecting the categories. Also, some categories are simply labels appended arbitrarily or redundantly, often by the media. For example, every terrorist organization is by definition "radical", as terror tactics are not the norm for the mainstream of any group.

Separatist. Separatist groups are those with the goal of separation from existing entities through independence, political autonomy, or religious freedom or domination.

Revolutionary. Dedicated to the overthrow of an established order and replacing it with a new political or social structure.

Political. Political ideologies are concerned with the structure and organization of the forms of government and communities.

Religious. Religiously inspired terrorism is on the rise. While Islamic terrorists and organizations have been the most active, and the greatest recent threat to the United States, all of the major world religions have extremists that have taken up violence to further their perceived religious goals.

International or Transnational. International groups typically operate in multiple countries, but retain a geographic focus for their activities. Transnational groups operate internationally, but are not tied to a particular country, or even region.

Disponível em: <http://www.terrorism-research.com/groups/categories.php>. Acesso em: 05 set. 2014. (Adaptado).

CATEGORIES OF TERRORIST GROUPS

There are many different categories of terrorism and terrorist groups that are currently in use. These categories serve to differentiate terrorist organizations according to specific criteria, which are usually related to the field or specialty of whoever is selecting the categories. Also, some categories are simply labels appended arbitrarily or redundantly, often by the media. For example, every terrorist organization is by definition "radical", as terror tactics are not the norm for the mainstream of any group.

Separatist. Separatist groups are those with the goal of separation from existing entities through independence, political autonomy, or religious freedom or domination.

Revolutionary. Dedicated to the overthrow of an established order and replacing it with a new political or social structure.

Political. Political ideologies are concerned with the structure and organization of the forms of government and communities.

Religious. Religiously inspired terrorism is on the rise. While Islamic terrorists and organizations have been the most active, and the greatest recent threat to the United States, all of the major world religions have extremists that have taken up violence to further their perceived religious goals.

International or Transnational. International groups typically operate in multiple countries, but retain a geographic focus for their activities. Transnational groups operate internationally, but are not tied to a particular country, or even region.

Disponível em: . Acesso em: 05 set. 2014. (Adaptado).

With the Internet, the World is yours!

Worldwide, more than 500 million people use the Internet. On the Net, you can send electronic mail (e-mail), find information in distant libraries and museums, play games, shop, and much, much more. The World Wide Web (www) is a part of the Internet that lets you see information using pictures, colors, and sounds. Most people just call it the Web. You can have your favorite Web sites. It’s your choice. With the Internet, the world is yours!

These are just some of the things you can do:

- You can watch movie trailers, download free music and books, and discover about your interests and

favorite things.

- You can meet people from other countries. The Internet is global, so you can make friends from all

over the world.

- You can give your opinion on message boards, build your own site about foot-volley or beach soccer

or put your poems on the Net.

- You can get legal music. There are plenty of legal places to get music downloads.

- You can listen to music on-line too. For example, you can listen to music shows on the BBC site

whenever you want.

- You can use search engines, like Google, Yahoo or Alltheweb to look for any subject under the sun.

In a word, with the Internet the world is yours!

(MARQUES, Amadeu. Inglês Série Brasil. Editora Ática, São Paulo-SP, 2007. P. 54)

Panic as deadly Ebola virus spreads across West Africa

When everyone is an apparent threat, a potential

carrier of the deadly Ebola virus, panic inevitably

rises. Yesterday, as rumours spread that Ebola could

be caught by breathing the same air as the victims,

that fear turned into violence.

Since the outbreak of the deadly strain of Zaire

Ebola in Guinea in February, around 90 people have

died as the disease has travelled to neighbouring

Sierra Leone, Liberia and Mali. The outbreak has sent

shock waves through communities who know little of

the disease or how it is transmitted. The cases in Mali

have added to fears that it is spreading through West

Africa.

A spokesman for the medical charity Médecins

Sans Frontières (MSF) said yesterday that a treatment

centre where patients were isolated in Macenta,

265 miles south-east of Guinea’s capital, Conakry,

had come under attack from an “angry crowd” who

accused health workers of bringing the disease to the

town, where at least 14 people have died from Ebola.

“We have evacuated all our staff and closed the

treatment centre,” the MSF spokesman Sam Taylor

said. “We’re working with the authorities to try and

resolve this problem as quickly as possible so we can

start treating people again.” He later told Bloomberg:

“We fully understand that the outbreak of Ebola is

alarming for the local population, but it is essential in

the fight against the disease that patients remain in

the treatment centre.”

It was not clear how many people had been

injured in the incident. A government statement said

the support of aid groups such as MSF and the

British Red Cross was essential. It called for “calm

and serenity to enable our partners to support us

to eradicate this epidemic” and added: “Only the

recognition of the existence of the disease can help in

the fight against it.”

There is no cure for Ebola, which causes fever

and severe bleeding. Aid workers have described

the outbreak in West Africa as an “unprecedented

epidemic”.

Trust in the authorities in Conakry reached a

low ebb on Friday, with many residents blaming the

government for not immediately quarantining an

individual who was said to have carried the virus to the

capital from the remote and heavily-forested south,

where the bulk of the cases are concentrated. Sixteen

cases have been reported in Conakry, of which

five people have died, a World Health Organisation

spokesman said.

“How can we trust them now? We have to look

after ourselves,” Dede Diallo, a Conakry resident who

stopped working and has kept her children at home

since the outbreak, told the Associated Press.

Dr Adinoyi Ben Adeiza, from the International

Federation of the Red Cross, was part of the team

tasked with tackling Ebola when it broke out in

Uganda in 2012. Dr Adeiza told The Independent on

Sunday: “The only thing that can be done is to prevent

it spreading.”

He added: “This is a major challenge for

countries such as Guinea which have weak health

systems, mainly because [they don’t have] adequate

resources... to set up isolation centres for affected

people.”

In London, the Foreign Office warned Britons

travelling to Guinea to maintain strict standards of

hygiene and avoid eating bushmeat.

Available at: <http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/ africa/panic-as-deadly-ebola-virus-spreads-across-west- -africa-9241155.html>. Retrieved on: 20 July 2014. Adapted

Panic as deadly Ebola virus spreads across West Africa

When everyone is an apparent threat, a potential

carrier of the deadly Ebola virus, panic inevitably

rises. Yesterday, as rumours spread that Ebola could

be caught by breathing the same air as the victims,

that fear turned into violence.

Since the outbreak of the deadly strain of Zaire

Ebola in Guinea in February, around 90 people have

died as the disease has travelled to neighbouring

Sierra Leone, Liberia and Mali. The outbreak has sent

shock waves through communities who know little of

the disease or how it is transmitted. The cases in Mali

have added to fears that it is spreading through West

Africa.

A spokesman for the medical charity Médecins

Sans Frontières (MSF) said yesterday that a treatment

centre where patients were isolated in Macenta,

265 miles south-east of Guinea’s capital, Conakry,

had come under attack from an “angry crowd” who

accused health workers of bringing the disease to the

town, where at least 14 people have died from Ebola.

“We have evacuated all our staff and closed the

treatment centre,” the MSF spokesman Sam Taylor

said. “We’re working with the authorities to try and

resolve this problem as quickly as possible so we can

start treating people again.” He later told Bloomberg:

“We fully understand that the outbreak of Ebola is

alarming for the local population, but it is essential in

the fight against the disease that patients remain in

the treatment centre.”

It was not clear how many people had been

injured in the incident. A government statement said

the support of aid groups such as MSF and the

British Red Cross was essential. It called for “calm

and serenity to enable our partners to support us

to eradicate this epidemic” and added: “Only the

recognition of the existence of the disease can help in

the fight against it.”

There is no cure for Ebola, which causes fever

and severe bleeding. Aid workers have described

the outbreak in West Africa as an “unprecedented

epidemic”.

Trust in the authorities in Conakry reached a

low ebb on Friday, with many residents blaming the

government for not immediately quarantining an

individual who was said to have carried the virus to the

capital from the remote and heavily-forested south,

where the bulk of the cases are concentrated. Sixteen

cases have been reported in Conakry, of which

five people have died, a World Health Organisation

spokesman said.

“How can we trust them now? We have to look

after ourselves,” Dede Diallo, a Conakry resident who

stopped working and has kept her children at home

since the outbreak, told the Associated Press.

Dr Adinoyi Ben Adeiza, from the International

Federation of the Red Cross, was part of the team

tasked with tackling Ebola when it broke out in

Uganda in 2012. Dr Adeiza told The Independent on

Sunday: “The only thing that can be done is to prevent

it spreading.”

He added: “This is a major challenge for

countries such as Guinea which have weak health

systems, mainly because [they don’t have] adequate

resources... to set up isolation centres for affected

people.”

In London, the Foreign Office warned Britons

travelling to Guinea to maintain strict standards of

hygiene and avoid eating bushmeat.

Available at: <http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/ africa/panic-as-deadly-ebola-virus-spreads-across-west- -africa-9241155.html>. Retrieved on: 20 July 2014. Adapted.