Questões de Inglês

Instrução: a questão refere-se ao texto abaixo:

 

Water for Our Future

 

Fresh water is arguably the world’s most precious resource. Yet in all corners of the globe, shortages and inadequate access to sanitation persist. Rivers are fragmented by dams, choked by chemicals, threatened by climate change, depleted by irresponsible businesses and industries that don’t manage water wisely, and polluted by toxic runoff from cities, factories and farms. We can’t solve these challenges alone, and thankfully, we don’t have to. Although there are many millions of miles of water on the earth, it is thought that most of this total is salt water or ice, and therefore not usable for human needs. Also, we cannot use more than one-third of the water that falls from the sky. The other two-either disappears back into the air, or is used by plants, of flows into the sea or under the ground. Indeed, some of the places where man formerly obtained fresh, clear water are disappearing. Along the coastline of the United States, humans have used so much of their natural supply of water that sea water is very slowly taking the place of the clear water as it is used. This loss of good water cannot continue. More and more people are demanding more and more clean water every year. It has been figured that the modern city family uses six times more water today than yesterday’s farm family did, when wells were the main source of water. Where will we get the water that our increasing population requires just to stay alive? What can we do about our water supply? The only answer is that we must learn to reuse water and the main difficulty to do so at present is the problem of water pollution. We are being attacked on all sides by water pollution of all types from all kinds of sources. The time has now come for man to make his environment his friend, not his enemy. Water is a local issue, but addressing water resource management challenges requires global solidarity as well as regional, national and local actions. Something must be done, and must be done on a large scale. However, one great problem of the crisis is that decisions must be made today, before the need has become generally apparent, to prevent adverse effects that are projected to occur in a more or less distant future. There is wide spread agreement that humanity should start securing and improving its water resources in order to adequately deal with the other environmental problems that may arise.

(Adapted from: The North American Regional Process event for the 7th World Water Forum, Karin Krchnak, Director Freshwater Program, May, 2014, Washington, DC)

According to the text, “it is thought that most of this total is salt water or ice”, it means that:

Leia o trecho abaixo.

A fix for handbag addicts

A Miami-based web site has come up with a clever – and cost effective – solution for women who are addicted to
designer handbags. It’s called www.bagborroworsteal.com, a business that charges members a monthly fee to borrow handbags from Prada, Gucci, Yves Saint Laurent, among others, for as long as they like.
The members are divided into three categories – Trendsetters ($19,95 a month), Princess ($49,95 a month), and Diva ($99,95 a month) – each offering different access to different bags. (Speak up n° 210).
Assinale a opção que não está de acordo com o texto:

Cycling

What's the furthest you have ever cycled? Perhaps you cycle to school or to work, or maybe at most a short cycling trip with friends? How would you feel about spending months on the road travelling solo from the UK to China, by bike?

For British cyclist Pete Jones, camping rough and cycling long distances through inhospitable terrain are second nature. Mr Jones is currently undertaking a mammoth trip across the Eurasian continent from Britain to China.

Pete Jones is no stranger to China. But he says many people there are puzzled by his passion for cycling, asking why he would choose to cycle when he can afford a car. Indeed, while there are an estimated 400 million bicycles in China, where it has long been the preferred form of transport, rapid economic growth has fuelled an explosive expansion in car ownership.
Edward Genochio, another British cyclist who completed a 41,000km trip to China and back, said one of his aims was to "promote cycling as a safe, sustainable and environmentally benign means of getting about". In the UK, the last few years have seen a rise in the number of people choosing two wheels over four, with some estimates saying the number of people cycling to work has almost doubled in the last five years. Politicians also see cycling as a way to boost their eco-credentials, with people such as London mayor Boris Johnson often riding to work under his own steam. But we may have to wait some time before we see him emulating Pete Jones in attempting to cycle all the way to China!

Fonte: www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/...

According to the text, judge the items and choose the CORRECT answer.
I- People are cycling more because they want to lose weight.
II- In the UK, people are choosing two wheels over four just because it’s cheaper.
III- Cycling is a sustainable way of getting about and this means that cause no damage to the environment.
IV- China has grown economically because of its major transportation method.

Text
Facebook is a social networking service and Web site launched in February 2004, operated and privately owned by Facebook, Inc. As of July 2011, Facebook has more than 800 million active users. Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personal profile, add other users as friends, and exchange messages, including automatic notifications when they update their profile. Additionally, users may join common-interest user groups, organized by workplace, school or college, or other characteristics, and categorize their friends into lists such as "People From Work" or "Really Good Friends". The name of the service stems from the colloquial name for the book given to students at the start of the academic year by some university administrations in the United States to help students get to know each other. Facebook allows any users who declare themselves to be at least 13 years old to become registered users of the site.
Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow computer science students Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. The Web site's membership was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students, but was expanded to other colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League, and Stanford University. It gradually added support for students at various other universities before opening to high school students, and eventually to anyone aged 13 and over. However, based on ConsumersReports.org on May 2011, there are 7.5 million children under 13 with accounts, violating the site's terms of service.
A January 2009 Compete.com study ranked Facebook as the most used social networking service by worldwide monthly active users, followed by MySpace. Entertainment Weekly included the site on its end-of-thedecade "best-of" list, saying, "How on earth did we stalk our exes, remember our co-workers' birthdays, bug our friends, and play a rousing game of Scrabulous before Facebook?" Quantcast estimates Facebook has 138.9 million monthly unique U.S. visitors in May 2011. According to Social Media Today, in April 2010 an estimated 41.6% of the U.S. population had a Facebook account. Nevertheless, Facebook's Market growth started to stall in some regions, with the site losing 7 million active users in the United States and Canada in May 2011.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

According to the text:

 

I. Facebook is a website created merely for chatting.

II. Everyone is allowed to have an account according to the site´s terms of service.

III. The website is actively growing in North America.

IV. Facebook was created by a Harvard student.

 

The alternative that shows the correct items is:

Text

Here is a response to a debate on patents and medicine:
Mr. Przemek Kordasiewicz,
I agree wholeheartedly with your recommendation of a ban on all patents on all life saving medical discoveries. Again, I would take it a step further. I think that the virtues of a purely capitalist system seem to have fallen apart at this point. In this literal life-and death issue, ethics take priority over everything else.
Just as Congress stepped forward to place a ban on the patenting of surgical procedures, they need to step forward and place a similar ban on these new medical patents (drugs, procedures and human genome work) which are having the identical effect.Additionally, Congress need to heavily legislate in favor of patients worldwide to keep drug patents limited, short, and drug prices at an affordable level. Something in the system is wrong when drug companies are the most profitable of all publicly traded companies and huge populations across the world are living in pain and dying because they are unable to afford the sky-high drug prices, inflated by the patent holders’ monopoly. The government needs to look into the situation independently and take a stand for the well-being of the taxpayers and citizens they suppose to be representing. Thank you, Benjamin (Mako) Hill.

(Intellectual Property in Cyberspace 2000, http://yukidoke.org)

As regards capitalist policies for drug patents, the author, according text:

Text:

Cycling

What's the furthest you have ever cycled?
Perhaps you cycle to school or to work, or maybe at most a short cycling trip with friends?
How would you feel about spending months on the road travelling solo from the UK to China, by bike?

For British cyclist Pete Jones, camping rough and cycling long distances through inhospitable terrain are second nature. Mr Jones is currently undertaking a mammoth trip across the Eurasian continent from Britain to China.
Pete Jones is no stranger to China. But he says many people there are puzzled by his passion for cycling, asking why he would choose to cycle when he can afford a car.
Indeed, while there are an estimated 400 million bicycles in China, where it has long been the preferred form of transport, rapid economic growth has fuelled an explosive expansion in car ownership.
Edward Genochio, another British cyclist who completed a 41,000km trip to China and back, said one of his aims was to "promote cycling as a safe, sustainable and environmentally benign means of getting about".
In the UK, the last few years have seen a rise in the number of people choosing two wheels over four, with some estimates saying the number of people cycling to work has almost doubled in the last five years.
Politicians also see cycling as a way to boost their eco-credentials, with people such as London mayor Boris Johnson often riding to work under his own steam. But we may have to wait some time before we see him emulating Pete Jones in attempting to cycle all the way to China!
Fonte: www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/...

According to the information from the text, it is correct to say that:

 

I. for Pete Jones, camping rough and cycling long distances through inhospitable terrain are the most common activity for british people.
II. despite cycling has long been the preferred form of transport in China, car ownership has increased a lot because of country’s economic growth.
III. it’s very important to wear a helmet while cycling.
IV. in the UK, some estimates say the number of people cycling to work has almost doubled in the last twenty five years.
V. London mayor often cycles to work.