Questões de Inglês

        TEXTO 

 

O outro

 

    Ele me olhou como se estivesse descobrindo o mundo. Me olhou e reolhou em fração de segundo. Só vi isso porque estava olhando-o na mesma sintonia. A singularização do olhar. Tentei disfarçar virando o pescoço para a direita e para a esquerda, como se estivesse fazendo um exercício, e numa dessas viradas olhei rapidamente para ele no volante. Ele me olhava e volveu rapidamente os olhos, fingindo estar tirando um cisco da camisa. Era um ser de meia idade, os cabelos com alguns fios grisalhos, postura de gente séria, camisa branca, um cidadão comum que jamais flertaria com outra pessoa no trânsito. E assim, enquanto o semáforo estava no vermelho para nós, ficou esse jogo de olhares que não queriam se fixar, mas observar o outro espécime que nada tinha de diferente e ao mesmo tempo tinha tudo de diferente. Ele era o outro e isso era tudo. É como se, na igualdade de milhares de humanos, de repente, o ser se redescobrisse num outro espécime. Quando o semáforo ficou verde, nós nos olhamos e acionamos os motores.

(GONÇALVES, Aguinaldo. Das estampas. São Paulo: Nankin, 2013. p. 130.)

    In Text  the action of seeing is repeatedly used.

 

Choose the alternative in which all the verbs are connected with the idea of seeing

According to the Classical Music expert, the best performance after Pavarotti is

Read the following text to answer question.

 

Why Ebola is so dangerous

 

July 31, 2014

    The Ebola outbreak in West Africa is the world’s deadliest to date. According to the UN, 729 people have died as health officials in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone struggle to control the virus.

●  What is Ebola?

    Ebola is a viral illness of which the initial symptoms can include a sudden fever, intense weakness, muscle pain and a sore throat, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). And that is just the beginning: subsequent stages are vomiting, diarrhea and – in some cases – both internal and external bleeding.

    The disease infects humans through close contact with infected animals, including chimpanzees, fruit bats and forest antelope. It then spreads between humans by direct contact with infected blood, bodily fluids or organs, or indirectly through contact with contaminated environments. Even funerals of Ebola victims can be a risk, if mourners have direct contact with the body of the deceased.

    The incubation period can last from two days to three weeks, and diagnosis is difficult. The human disease has so far been mostly limited to Africa, although one strain has cropped up in the Philippines.

    Healthcare workers are at risk if they treat patients without taking the right precautions to avoid infection. People are infectious as long as their blood and secretions contain the virus – in some cases, up to seven weeks after they recover.

●  What can be done if I catch it?

    You must keep yourself isolated and seek professional help. Patients have a better chance of survival if they receive early treatment. There are no vaccines, though some are being tested, along with new drug therapies.

    Patients frequently become dehydrated. They should drink solutions containing electrolytes or receive intravenous fluids.

    MSF (Doctors without Borders) says this outbreak comes from the deadliest and most aggressive strain of the virus, which kills more than 90% of patients. Other strains are less virulent and have a survival rate of up to 75%. However, it is not known which factors allow some people to recover while most succumb.

(www.bbc.com. Adapted.)

The last paragraph of the text implies that

Leia o texto abaixo para responder à questão.

 

The Biological Basis of Learning and Individuality

 

    Elementary aspects of the neuronal mechanisms important for several different types of learning can now be studied on the cellular and even on the molecular level. Researchers agree that [some] forms of learning and memory require a conscious record. These types of learning are commonly called declarative or explicit. Those forms of learning that do not utilize conscious participation are referred to as non-declarative or implicit.

    Explicit learning is fast and may take place after only one training trial. It often involves association of simultaneous stimuli and permits storage of information about a single event that happens in a particular time and place; it therefore affords a sense of familiarity about previous events. In contrast, implicit learning is slow and accumulates through repetition over many trials. It often involves association of sequential stimuli and permits storage of information about predictive relations between events. Implicit learning is expressed primarily by improved performance on certain tasks without the subject being able to describe just what has been learned, and it involves memory systems that do not draw on the contents of the general knowledge of the individual.

    The existence of two distinct forms of learning has caused the reductionists among neurobiologists to ask whether there is a representation on the cellular level for each of these two types of learning process. Canadian psychologist Donald O. Hebb boldly suggested that associative learning could be produced by a simple cellular mechanism. He proposed that associations could be formed by coincident neural activity: “When an axon of cell A ... excite[s] cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A’s efficacy, as one of the cells firing B, is increased.” According to Hebb’s learning rule, coincident activity in the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons, is critical for strengthening the connection between them (a so-called pre-post associative mechanism).

(Scientific American, julho de 2014.)

According to the text, explicit learning

Five stranded snorkellers rescued from tiny island off Australia after their huge SOS message was spotted by helicopter.

 

(Adam Withnall / Wednesday 23 April 2014)

 

    Five snorkellers stranded on a tiny island off
the east coast of Australia have been rescued after
scrawling a giant SOS message into a nearby
sandbank.

[05]    The group had been stuck out at sea for more
than nine hours after their boat’s anchor failed and
it drifted away. 

    They had been swimming around a remote
sandbar near Wigton Island, Queensland, when the
[10] vessel started shifting - with their mobile phones,
clothes, water and sunscreen all still on board – and
it had moved beyond reach before they had time to
react. 

    Speaking to the Courier-Mail about the ordeal
[15] yesterday, Lyn Forbes-Smith described how she, a
female friend and three male friends were facing
the prospect of a long, cold night surrounded by
ocean when they finally spotted an approaching
rescue helicopter. 

  [20]   “We had sort of made plans about what we’d
do on the rock for the evening,” she said.

    “We had reef walkers on thankfully, but we
had no food, water, cream, no hats, not much at all.
We just looked for the highest ground, we looked
for rocks where five of us could huddle together
[25] because we didn’t really want to separate, and we
wanted to be out of the wind as best as possible.” 

    Ms Forbes-Smith explained that they were
concerned the sandbar – and their message – would
[30] go under with the tide, but that they were
“reasonably confident” someone would come
looking when friends realised they had not
returned.

    The group had set off from Keswick Island
[35] towards Wigton Island at around 8am for the
snorkelling trip, and it was around 5pm when they
first saw signs of help approaching.

    Another member of the group, Craig Gilbert,
told ABC News of their joy at spotting an RACQ
[40] rescue helicopter. 

    “We saw the helicopter and we thought, 'Oh,
you beauty' - and then it disappeared and we
thought, 'Oh no - we better look out for our beds
for the night' - then it came back probably 20
minutes later,” he said. 

    Rescue helicopter crew member Damien
[45] Kross said the five were treated for sunburn and
dehydration, but were otherwise “fine”. 

    “They were a little bit dehydrated but we
winched them to safety and brought them back here
to Mackay on the mainland] for just to have a
[50] quick medical attention and they were all fine.” 

(Adapted from The Independent / Friday 11 July 2014)

Choose the verb that DOES NOT complete the sentence correctly.

 

“The committee has _________ a meeting to discuss the president's death.”

Five stranded snorkellers rescued from tiny island off Australia after their huge SOS message was spotted by helicopter.

 

(Adam Withnall / Wednesday 23 April 2014)

 

    Five snorkellers stranded on a tiny island off
the east coast of Australia have been rescued after
scrawling a giant SOS message into a nearby
sandbank.

[05]    The group had been stuck out at sea for more
than nine hours after their boat’s anchor failed and
it drifted away. 

    They had been swimming around a remote
sandbar near Wigton Island, Queensland, when the
[10] vessel started shifting - with their mobile phones,
clothes, water and sunscreen all still on board – and
it had moved beyond reach before they had time to
react. 

    Speaking to the Courier-Mail about the ordeal
[15] yesterday, Lyn Forbes-Smith described how she, a
female friend and three male friends were facing
the prospect of a long, cold night surrounded by
ocean when they finally spotted an approaching
rescue helicopter. 

  [20]   “We had sort of made plans about what we’d
do on the rock for the evening,” she said.

    “We had reef walkers on thankfully, but we
had no food, water, cream, no hats, not much at all.
We just looked for the highest ground, we looked
for rocks where five of us could huddle together
[25] because we didn’t really want to separate, and we
wanted to be out of the wind as best as possible.” 

    Ms Forbes-Smith explained that they were
concerned the sandbar – and their message – would
[30] go under with the tide, but that they were
“reasonably confident” someone would come
looking when friends realised they had not
returned.

    The group had set off from Keswick Island
[35] towards Wigton Island at around 8am for the
snorkelling trip, and it was around 5pm when they
first saw signs of help approaching.

    Another member of the group, Craig Gilbert,
told ABC News of their joy at spotting an RACQ
[40] rescue helicopter. 

    “We saw the helicopter and we thought, 'Oh,
you beauty' - and then it disappeared and we
thought, 'Oh no - we better look out for our beds
for the night' - then it came back probably 20
minutes later,” he said. 

    Rescue helicopter crew member Damien
[45] Kross said the five were treated for sunburn and
dehydration, but were otherwise “fine”. 

    “They were a little bit dehydrated but we
winched them to safety and brought them back here
to Mackay on the mainland] for just to have a
[50] quick medical attention and they were all fine.” 

(Adapted from The Independent / Friday 11 July 2014)

Which sentence IS NOT correct?