Questões de Inglês

Two dead after Rio de Janeiro bike lane, built ahead of Olympics, collapses

April 21^st -2016

 

Part of an elevated bike lane built ahead of the Olympic Games collapsed on Thursday, killing at least two people who were on it when cement gave way and crashed onto the beach below.

Rio is hosting the Summer Games beginning in August and the bike lane was among the projects built in preparation. While no Olympic event will be held on the path, the collapse will likely add to worries about the country´s readiness to host the games.

Since its inauguration the path has earned kudos for its spectacular views. But detractors complained it was dangerous, saying the narrowness of the path made cyclists prime targets for mugging in the weeks after it opened, local newspapers also featured photos of its speedy deterioration, showing missing handrails and rusting metal parts.

The Associated Press, 2016

 

Since its opening, the bike path has been:

If pollution doesn’t ruin Brazil’s Olympics, will the political drama?

RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil — Come to Brazil! Land of Zika, political chaos, spiking inflation, a plummeting economy, and riotous protests.

 

It has not exactly been a great marketing campaign for South America’s largest country, which will host the summer Olympic Games in just four months. And after the recent political circus, those planning to attend the games could be forgiven for wondering if Brazil is about to fall apart at the seams.

Brazil’s president, Dilma Rousseff, is in increasing danger of being impeached. Her attempt to install her predecessor, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, in her cabinet was blocked by a judge, who says it’s an illegal attempt to protect the former leader from criminal investigations. Dozens of the nation’s top politicians and businessmen are being investigated or have been arrested or jailed. Meanwhile, the health care system is under strain as physicians study birth defect cases that may be linked to the Zika virus. It’s a real mess. But there’s no need to panic. Despite the multiple crises raining down on the country, its key institutions — the political system, military and economy — should survive intact and could even emerge stronger, say several analysts who watch the world’s fifth most populous country.

( http://www.globalpost.com/articles )

 

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The SuperMoro

“The judge, or SuperMoro as he is being referred to by Brazilians, has reignited the flames of a former Brazilian tradition: lynching,” one critic, Eliane Brum, wrote in a newspaper commentary.

Legal scholars say Mr. Moro belongs to a new generation of worldly, well-educated judges and lawyers who came of age during the post-dictatorship period, view themselves as beholden to no politician, and enjoy career protections that empower them to act without fear of reprisal.

A formative lesson for Mr. Moro and others of his generation was Italy’s Clean Hands Operation of the early 1990s, in which a nationwide corruption probe involving thousands of public figures resulted in a massive political purge.

Whatever lies ahead in Brazil’s turbulent political season, Mr. Moro’s colleagues don’t expect him to give in.

“He is not influenced by criticism,” said a person close to Mr. Moro. “It is like he wears a suit of armor. He is undisturbed.”

http://www.wsj.com/articles

 

Mr. Moro´s co-workers claim that no matter what happens in Brazil´s turbulent political season, he will not:

Read the dialogue and answer question.

 

Child: Mom, uncle Tom looks so sleepy and tired.
Mom: He may have stayed up all night.

“So”, underlined in the text, is closest in meaning to

Read the text below and answer question.

 

A Region’s Soccer Strongmen are facing a hard fall
[1] After rising as a governor under Brazil’s military
dictatorship, José Maria Marin became such a towering
figure in the world of Brazilian sports that the
headquarters of the nation’s soccer federation was
[5] recently named in his honor.
Now, the United States Justice Department’s charging
Mr. Marin, 83, and 13 other senior sports officials and
executives across the Americas with taking part in a
sweeping bribery and kickback scheme within FIFA, the
[10] governing body of global soccer.
Of the 14 men named as defendants in the indictment,
all but two of them are citizens of Latin American and
Caribbean nations, a reflection of the investigation’s
focus on corruption in the hemisphere.
(Fonte: www.nytimes.com)

 

GLOSSARY
but: exceto
bribery: suborno
headquarters: sede

According to the text, all the sentences bellow are correct, except:

Vaccine hesitancy: A growing challenge for immunization programmes

August 18, 2015

    In a special issue of the journal Vaccine, guest-edited by WHO (World Health Organization) and published today, experts review the role of vaccine hesitancy in limiting vaccine coverage and explore strategies to address it. Vaccine hesitancy refers to delay in acceptance or refusal of safe vaccines despite availability of vaccination services. The issue is complex and context specific, varying across time, place and vaccines. It is influenced by factors such as misinformation, complacency, convenience and confidence.

    “Vaccines can only improve health and prevent deaths if they are used, and immunization programmes must be able to achieve and sustain high vaccine uptake rates. Vaccine hesitancy is an increasingly important issue for country immunization programmes,” says Dr Philippe Duclos, Senior Health Adviser for WHO’s Immunization, Vaccines and Biological Department.

    The recommendations proposed by WHO aim to increase the understanding of vaccine hesitancy, its determinants and challenges. They also suggest ways organizations can increase acceptance of vaccines, share effective practices, and develop new tools to assess and address hesitancy

 

Factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy

    Concerns about vaccine safety can be linked to vaccine hesitancy, but safety concerns are only one of many factors that may drive hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy can be caused by other factors such as: negative beliefs based on myths, e.g. that vaccination of women leads to infertility; misinformation; mistrust in the health care professional or health care system; the role of influential leaders; costs, and geographic barriers.

    But the authors note there is no “magic bullet,” or single intervention strategy that works for all instances of vaccine hesitancy. The magnitude and setting of the problem varies and must be diagnosed for each instance to develop tailored strategies to improve vaccine acceptance. Effective communication is key to dispelling fears, addressing concerns and promoting acceptance of vaccination.

    Vaccine hesitancy is not only an issue in high income countries, but is a complex, rapidly changing global problem that varies widely. Interviews with immunization managers from WHO regions revealed that while in some cases particular rural ethnic minorities and remote communities were affected; in other areas wealthy urban residents expressed concerns regarding vaccine safety. In some areas concerns are related to subgroups of religious or philosophical objectors.

    Determinants of vaccine hesitancy can act both as barriers and promoters. For example, a higher level of education does not necessarily predict vaccine acceptance, the experts note. In fact, a number of studies identify higher education as a potential barrier to vaccine acceptance in some settings, while other studies identify education as a promoter of vaccine acceptance in different areas.

(www.who.int. Adaptado.)

No trecho do último parágrafo “a number of studies identify higher education as a potential barrier to vaccine acceptance in some settings, while other studies identify education as a promoter of vaccine acceptance”, o termo em destaque pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por