Questões de Inglês

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New insights into effects of Facebook on users’ lives

  Facebook has become a major part of many users’ lives. Last year, the company revealed that users spent an average of 50 minutes on their Facebook, Instagram and Messenger applications every day. While it doesn’t seem like a huge amount of time, it’s a significant chunk of a person’s waking hours, considering most people sleep for about eight hours a day. The question now is whether Facebook interactions have a positive or negative effect on its users.

  A new and rigorous study conducted by researchers from the University of California San Diego and from Yale University tackled this subject matter. According to an official report from Harvard Business Review, this study observed how a person’s well-being changed over time in association with Facebook use.

  The researchers made use of three waves of data in a period of over two years from 5,208 adults along with different measures of Facebook usage directly pulled from the subjects’ Facebook accounts. Measures of well-being included life satisfaction, body-mass index (BMI), self-reported mental health and self-reported physical health, while measures of Facebook use included liking friends’ posts, creating own posts and clicking on links. The study also measured the subjects’ real-world social interactions.

  “Our results showed that, while real-world social networks were positively associated with overall well-being, the use of Facebook was negatively associated with overall wellbeing,” the researchers noted in the report. “These results were particularly strong for mental health; most measures of Facebook use in one year predicted a decrease in mental health in a later year.” The team also noted that the decline in well-being is more of a matter of quantity of Facebook use rather than just the quality of use.

(Naia Carlos. www.natureworldnews.com, 13.04.2017. Adaptado.)

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New insights into effects of Facebook on users’ lives

  Facebook has become a major part of many users’ lives. Last year, the company revealed that users spent an average of 50 minutes on their Facebook, Instagram and Messenger applications every day. While it doesn’t seem like a huge amount of time, it’s a significant chunk of a person’s waking hours, considering most people sleep for about eight hours a day. The question now is whether Facebook interactions have a positive or negative effect on its users.

  A new and rigorous study conducted by researchers from the University of California San Diego and from Yale University tackled this subject matter. According to an official report from Harvard Business Review, this study observed how a person’s well-being changed over time in association with Facebook use.

  The researchers made use of three waves of data in a period of over two years from 5,208 adults along with different measures of Facebook usage directly pulled from the subjects’ Facebook accounts. Measures of well-being included life satisfaction, body-mass index (BMI), self-reported mental health and self-reported physical health, while measures of Facebook use included liking friends’ posts, creating own posts and clicking on links. The study also measured the subjects’ real-world social interactions.

  “Our results showed that, while real-world social networks were positively associated with overall well-being, the use of Facebook was negatively associated with overall wellbeing,” the researchers noted in the report. “These results were particularly strong for mental health; most measures of Facebook use in one year predicted a decrease in mental health in a later year.” The team also noted that the decline in well-being is more of a matter of quantity of Facebook use rather than just the quality of use.

(Naia Carlos. www.natureworldnews.com, 13.04.2017. Adaptado.)

Read the text to answer question.

New insights into effects of Facebook on users’ lives

  Facebook has become a major part of many users’ lives. Last year, the company revealed that users spent an average of 50 minutes on their Facebook, Instagram and Messenger applications every day. While it doesn’t seem like a huge amount of time, it’s a significant chunk of a person’s waking hours, considering most people sleep for about eight hours a day. The question now is whether Facebook interactions have a positive or negative effect on its users.

  A new and rigorous study conducted by researchers from the University of California San Diego and from Yale University tackled this subject matter. According to an official report from Harvard Business Review, this study observed how a person’s well-being changed over time in association with Facebook use.

  The researchers made use of three waves of data in a period of over two years from 5,208 adults along with different measures of Facebook usage directly pulled from the subjects’ Facebook accounts. Measures of well-being included life satisfaction, body-mass index (BMI), self-reported mental health and self-reported physical health, while measures of Facebook use included liking friends’ posts, creating own posts and clicking on links. The study also measured the subjects’ real-world social interactions.

  “Our results showed that, while real-world social networks were positively associated with overall well-being, the use of Facebook was negatively associated with overall wellbeing,” the researchers noted in the report. “These results were particularly strong for mental health; most measures of Facebook use in one year predicted a decrease in mental health in a later year.” The team also noted that the decline in well-being is more of a matter of quantity of Facebook use rather than just the quality of use.

(Naia Carlos. www.natureworldnews.com, 13.04.2017. Adaptado.)

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Early dinosaur relative walked like a croc

  One of the earliest relatives of dinosaurs had some features we associate today with crocodiles and alligators, a study suggests.

  Many palaeontologists have wondered what the earliest dinosaur relatives looked like, as the fossil record in this time period is sparse. Some assumed they walked on two legs, looking a bit like miniature dinosaurs. But the newly described creature walked on four legs like a croc, the journal Nature reports.

  The 2-3m (7-10ft) carnivorous animal, unearthed in southern Tanzania, lived some 245 million years ago during the Triassic Period. It pre-dated the earliest dinosaurs. Prof Paul Barrett, one of the authors on the new paper, said: “This is a little animal that we call Teleocrater. It’s not very big...it probably would have weighed about the same as the average family dog.”

  Teleocrater rhadinus appeared just after a large group of animals known as archosaurs split into one branch that led to dinosaurs, and another branch that led to today’s alligators and crocodiles. Its anatomy combines features present in the last common ancestor of these groups, such as a crocodilian-like ankle joint, with some features considered characteristic of dinosaurs.

  The first fossils belonging to Teleocrater were discovered in 1933 in Tanzania. They were studied at London’s Natural History Museum in the 1950s. But these specimens were missing crucial bones, such as the ankle. Therefore, scientists at the time could not tell whether they were more closely related to crocs or to dinosaurs.

  The new specimens were uncovered in the East African country in 2015, resolving some of those outstanding questions. They show that it is one of the earliest members of the archosaur family tree and that it walked like a crocodilian.

  Teleocrater, along with other dinosaur relatives, lived across a wide range of different regions, from Russia to India to Brazil. The team’s next steps are to return to southern Tanzania to look for more remains and missing pieces of the Teleocrater skeleton.

(Paul Rincon. www.bbc.com, 12.04.2017. Adaptado.)

Read the text to answer question.

Early dinosaur relative walked like a croc

  One of the earliest relatives of dinosaurs had some features we associate today with crocodiles and alligators, a study suggests.

  Many palaeontologists have wondered what the earliest dinosaur relatives looked like, as the fossil record in this time period is sparse. Some assumed they walked on two legs, looking a bit like miniature dinosaurs. But the newly described creature walked on four legs like a croc, the journal Nature reports.

  The 2-3m (7-10ft) carnivorous animal, unearthed in southern Tanzania, lived some 245 million years ago during the Triassic Period. It pre-dated the earliest dinosaurs. Prof Paul Barrett, one of the authors on the new paper, said: “This is a little animal that we call Teleocrater. It’s not very big...it probably would have weighed about the same as the average family dog.”

  Teleocrater rhadinus appeared just after a large group of animals known as archosaurs split into one branch that led to dinosaurs, and another branch that led to today’s alligators and crocodiles. Its anatomy combines features present in the last common ancestor of these groups, such as a crocodilian-like ankle joint, with some features considered characteristic of dinosaurs.

  The first fossils belonging to Teleocrater were discovered in 1933 in Tanzania. They were studied at London’s Natural History Museum in the 1950s. But these specimens were missing crucial bones, such as the ankle. Therefore, scientists at the time could not tell whether they were more closely related to crocs or to dinosaurs.

  The new specimens were uncovered in the East African country in 2015, resolving some of those outstanding questions. They show that it is one of the earliest members of the archosaur family tree and that it walked like a crocodilian.

  Teleocrater, along with other dinosaur relatives, lived across a wide range of different regions, from Russia to India to Brazil. The team’s next steps are to return to southern Tanzania to look for more remains and missing pieces of the Teleocrater skeleton.

(Paul Rincon. www.bbc.com, 12.04.2017. Adaptado.)

Read the text to answer question.

Early dinosaur relative walked like a croc

  One of the earliest relatives of dinosaurs had some features we associate today with crocodiles and alligators, a study suggests.

  Many palaeontologists have wondered what the earliest dinosaur relatives looked like, as the fossil record in this time period is sparse. Some assumed they walked on two legs, looking a bit like miniature dinosaurs. But the newly described creature walked on four legs like a croc, the journal Nature reports.

  The 2-3m (7-10ft) carnivorous animal, unearthed in southern Tanzania, lived some 245 million years ago during the Triassic Period. It pre-dated the earliest dinosaurs. Prof Paul Barrett, one of the authors on the new paper, said: “This is a little animal that we call Teleocrater. It’s not very big...it probably would have weighed about the same as the average family dog.”

  Teleocrater rhadinus appeared just after a large group of animals known as archosaurs split into one branch that led to dinosaurs, and another branch that led to today’s alligators and crocodiles. Its anatomy combines features present in the last common ancestor of these groups, such as a crocodilian-like ankle joint, with some features considered characteristic of dinosaurs.

  The first fossils belonging to Teleocrater were discovered in 1933 in Tanzania. They were studied at London’s Natural History Museum in the 1950s. But these specimens were missing crucial bones, such as the ankle. Therefore, scientists at the time could not tell whether they were more closely related to crocs or to dinosaurs.

  The new specimens were uncovered in the East African country in 2015, resolving some of those outstanding questions. They show that it is one of the earliest members of the archosaur family tree and that it walked like a crocodilian.

  Teleocrater, along with other dinosaur relatives, lived across a wide range of different regions, from Russia to India to Brazil. The team’s next steps are to return to southern Tanzania to look for more remains and missing pieces of the Teleocrater skeleton.

(Paul Rincon. www.bbc.com, 12.04.2017. Adaptado.)