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An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test used for measuring and recording brain waves. Special sensors called electrodes are attached to your head. They're hooked by wires to a computer. The computer records your brain's electrical activity on the screen. Or it may record the activity on paper as wavy lines. Changes from the normal pattern of electrical activity can show certain conditions, such as seizures.

Four major brain waves exist: alpha has a frequency that ranges from 8 to 14 cycles per second (cps) and is found in the occipital part of the brain. Beta covers 14 to 30 cps. Delta wave includes frequencies that are below 5 cps. Theta wave covers the range between 5 and 8 cps. Alpha waves are more active during relaxation and light sleep. Nonetheless, their function is altered by deep mental activities. Beta waves, on the other hand, appear during mental concentrating periods.

Why It Is Done

An EEG may be done to:

· Check for epilepsy and see what type of seizures are occurring. EEG is the most useful and important test for checking if someone has epilepsy.

· Check for problems with loss of consciousness or dementia

· Help find out a person's chance of getting better after a change in consciousness.

· Find out if a person who is in a coma is brain-dead.

· Study sleep disorders, such as narcolepsy.

· Watch brain activity while a person is getting general anesthesia for brain surgery

· Help find out if a person has a physical problem or a mental health problem. Physical problems include problems in the brain, spinal cord, or nervous system.

Disponível em: <http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/electroencephalogram-eeg-21508%1>. Acesso em 21 mar. 2017. (Adaptado)

Read the following text to answer question.

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test used for measuring and recording brain waves. Special sensors called electrodes are attached to your head. They're hooked by wires to a computer. The computer records your brain's electrical activity on the screen. Or it may record the activity on paper as wavy lines. Changes from the normal pattern of electrical activity can show certain conditions, such as seizures.

Four major brain waves exist: alpha has a frequency that ranges from 8 to 14 cycles per second (cps) and is found in the occipital part of the brain. Beta covers 14 to 30 cps. Delta wave includes frequencies that are below 5 cps. Theta wave covers the range between 5 and 8 cps. Alpha waves are more active during relaxation and light sleep. Nonetheless, their function is altered by deep mental activities. Beta waves, on the other hand, appear during mental concentrating periods.

Why It Is Done

An EEG may be done to:

· Check for epilepsy and see what type of seizures are occurring. EEG is the most useful and important test for checking if someone has epilepsy.

· Check for problems with loss of consciousness or dementia

· Help find out a person's chance of getting better after a change in consciousness.

· Find out if a person who is in a coma is brain-dead.

· Study sleep disorders, such as narcolepsy.

· Watch brain activity while a person is getting general anesthesia for brain surgery

· Help find out if a person has a physical problem or a mental health problem. Physical problems include problems in the brain, spinal cord, or nervous system.

Disponível em: <http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/electroencephalogram-eeg-21508%1>. Acesso em 21 mar. 2017. (Adaptado)

Read the following text to answer question.

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test used for measuring and recording brain waves. Special sensors called electrodes are attached to your head. They're hooked by wires to a computer. The computer records your brain's electrical activity on the screen. Or it may record the activity on paper as wavy lines. Changes from the normal pattern of electrical activity can show certain conditions, such as seizures.

Four major brain waves exist: alpha has a frequency that ranges from 8 to 14 cycles per second (cps) and is found in the occipital part of the brain. Beta covers 14 to 30 cps. Delta wave includes frequencies that are below 5 cps. Theta wave covers the range between 5 and 8 cps. Alpha waves are more active during relaxation and light sleep. Nonetheless, their function is altered by deep mental activities. Beta waves, on the other hand, appear during mental concentrating periods.

Why It Is Done

An EEG may be done to:

· Check for epilepsy and see what type of seizures are occurring. EEG is the most useful and important test for checking if someone has epilepsy.

· Check for problems with loss of consciousness or dementia

· Help find out a person's chance of getting better after a change in consciousness.

· Find out if a person who is in a coma is brain-dead.

· Study sleep disorders, such as narcolepsy.

· Watch brain activity while a person is getting general anesthesia for brain surgery

· Help find out if a person has a physical problem or a mental health problem. Physical problems include problems in the brain, spinal cord, or nervous system.

Disponível em: <http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/electroencephalogram-eeg-21508%1>. Acesso em 21 mar. 2017. (Adaptado)

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Her husband and two young daughters, 8 and 3, were led away from the bedside as the intubation tray was being opened. Quickly intubated, compressions made obtaining central access more difficult, but I placed an internal jugular line hoping things would go well enough that it might be used for a Swan-Ganz catheter. Compressions, fluids, advanced cardiac life support protocols . . . all the while cardiac tracing into dysrhythmia. Occasionally, the monitor would only stare blankly asystole, across its screen. And the blood pressure. Doses of medication and drips and fluid, nothing would move the blood pressure. She was only 36. I reached deeper into algorithms, knowing the next vial off the code cart would run the answer into her collapsing circulation. The answer that would also push away the pain growing in my own stomach. I believe I tried everything, and trusted each new intervention would be the one. None of it ever changed the course. Doses of medications, drips, compressions, bagged breaths, time, and her heart finally stopped. She was only 36. I silently asked her why. A nurse touched my arm and said the two words whose weight made my next breath difficult and whose grip was tight around the pain in my stomach. “The family”.

They had been taken to the waiting room. It was pale blue and the row of lights indicated the soda machine was still empty. My throat was dry. The youngest daughter sat on Dad’s lap looking at pictures in an outdoors magazine. The older sat watching her hands rest in her lap. Her husband’s eyes lifted to me and met mine. I didn’t, couldn’t, say a word. I took in the breath to begin, and he knew. The words never meant quite enough, “All we could ...” They seemed small, like a string of toy boats against a stormy sea, “... her heart ...” I only had to say them, they would have to live them, “So sorry ...”

(Adaptado de Kevan Pickrel, Empty Pockets. Ann Intern Med. 2003; p. 139-525. Disponível em: http://www.orderofnurses.org.lb/ Modules/Tables/UploadPDF/1070_19,09,YYon%20Being%20a%20Doctor%20full.pdf Acesso em: 1 mar. 2017.)

Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

Her husband and two young daughters, 8 and 3, were led away from the bedside as the intubation tray was being opened. Quickly intubated, compressions made obtaining central access more difficult, but I placed an internal jugular line hoping things would go well enough that it might be used for a Swan-Ganz catheter. Compressions, fluids, advanced cardiac life support protocols . . . all the while cardiac tracing into dysrhythmia. Occasionally, the monitor would only stare blankly asystole, across its screen. And the blood pressure. Doses of medication and drips and fluid, nothing would move the blood pressure. She was only 36. I reached deeper into algorithms, knowing the next vial off the code cart would run the answer into her collapsing circulation. The answer that would also push away the pain growing in my own stomach. I believe I tried everything, and trusted each new intervention would be the one. None of it ever changed the course. Doses of medications, drips, compressions, bagged breaths, time, and her heart finally stopped. She was only 36. I silently asked her why. A nurse touched my arm and said the two words whose weight made my next breath difficult and whose grip was tight around the pain in my stomach. “The family”.

They had been taken to the waiting room. It was pale blue and the row of lights indicated the soda machine was still empty. My throat was dry. The youngest daughter sat on Dad’s lap looking at pictures in an outdoors magazine. The older sat watching her hands rest in her lap. Her husband’s eyes lifted to me and met mine. I didn’t, couldn’t, say a word. I took in the breath to begin, and he knew. The words never meant quite enough, “All we could ...” They seemed small, like a string of toy boats against a stormy sea, “... her heart ...” I only had to say them, they would have to live them, “So sorry ...”

(Adaptado de Kevan Pickrel, Empty Pockets. Ann Intern Med. 2003; p. 139-525. Disponível em: http://www.orderofnurses.org.lb/ Modules/Tables/UploadPDF/1070_19,09,YYon%20Being%20a%20Doctor%20full.pdf Acesso em: 1 mar. 2017.)