Questões de Inglês

Utilize o texto a seguir para responder a questão.

 

The End of Poverty

 

     Equality is a very big idea, connected to freedom, but an idea doesn’t come for free. In a world where distance no longer determines who your neighbor is, paying the price for equality is not just heart, it’s smart. The destinies of the “haves” are intrinsically linked to the fates of the “have-nothing-at-alls”. If we didn’t know this already, it became too clear on September 11, 2001. Africa is not the front line in the war against terror, but it soon could be.

     “The war against terror is bound up in the war against poverty.” Who said that? Not me. Not some beatnik peace group. Secretary of State Colin Powell. And when a military man starts talking like that perhaps we should listen. In tense, nervous times isn’t it cheaper – and smarter – to make friends out of potential enemies than to defend yourself against them?

    We could be the first generation to outlaw the kind of extreme, stupid poverty that sees a child die of hunger in a world of plenty, or of a disease preventable by a twenty-cent inoculation. We are the first generation that has enough power to do that. The first generation that is powerful enough to unknot the whole tangle of bad trade, bad debt, and bad luck. The first generation that can end a corrupt relationship between the powerful and the weaker parts of the world which has been so wrong for so long.

    If the rich nations decided they could become slightly “poorer”, they would truly help the nations in need. If they agreed to write off the old debts of the poor countries, the whole world would be safer. This year millions of people gathered to persuade world leaders to invest more in fighting poverty and disease in Africa.

     We cannot save energy life. But the ones we can, we must. It is – or it ought to be – unacceptable that an accident of longitude determines whether a child lives or dies. Fifteen thousand people dying needlessly every day from AIDS, TB, and malaria. Behind each of these statistics is someone’s daughter, someone’s son, a mother, a father, a sister, a brother.

    This is Africa’s crisis. That it’s not on the nightly news, that we do not treat this as an emergency – that’s our crisis.

(adapted from Bono’s foreword to the End of Poverty, Jeffrey Sachs, Penguin Press, and “This is Generation’s Moon Shot”, by Bono in Time)

Assinale a alternativa correta para o verbo em destaque na frase abaixo.

 

Africa is not the front line in the war against terror, but it soon “could” be.

HOW MUSIC STREAMING SERVICES ARE TAPPING INTO THE AI VIBE

 

Rajasimha Koppula

 

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the design, implementation and use of programs, machines, and systems that exhibit human intelligence. Furthermore, with its most important activities being knowledge representation, reasoning, and learning, AI encompasses a number of important sub- -areas, which include: voice recognition, image identification, natural language processing, expert systems, neural networks, planning, robotics, and intelligent agents. According to a McKinsey & Company study, in 2016, companies invested $26 to $39 billion in AI. In addition, since 2013, investments have increased by three times.

 

An overview of the music streaming industry

 

In 1999, the music industry market size was less than half of today. What provoked this growth, you ask? The answer is simple: the internet. The technological advancements of the internet grew at a rate of 200% around the globe between 2000–2018, taking the music industry to new heights.

 

According to the Financial Times, the internet played a catalyst role in online music streaming industry growth. Major music service providers, such as Spotify, Apple, Pandora, and Amazon are taking music services to the next level by integrating AI with their music streaming platforms.

 

Today,music streamingservicesarehelpingusersbyutilizing technology to understand customers’ tastes by using AI and recommending more comparable songs on a timely basis.

 

Traditionally, any business owner utilizes data analytic tools to diagnose, group, predict, and understand customer requirements to make an appropriate business change/service recommendation. For the music industry, due to the rapidly growing number of customers, and the wide variety of choices now available, traditional tools don’t cut it anymore. Incorporating AI and machine learning technologies into music streaming algorithms is quickly becoming the new norm. If a music service provider can’t ‘guess’ what a user wants to hear, the user will most likely switch to one that can.

From: <https://www.prescouter.com/2018/03/music-streaming-services-ai/>

 

Glossary: Tapping into:tirandoproveitode; encompasses:abrange; networks: redes; rate: taxa; heights: alturas; owner: dono; proprietário;requirements:exigências;guess:adivinhar; switch:trocar,mudar.

    The success of music service providers such as Spotify, Apple, Pandora and Amazon is due to

HOW MUSIC STREAMING SERVICES ARE TAPPING INTO THE AI VIBE

 

Rajasimha Koppula

 

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the design, implementation and use of programs, machines, and systems that exhibit human intelligence. Furthermore, with its most important activities being knowledge representation, reasoning, and learning, AI encompasses a number of important sub- -areas, which include: voice recognition, image identification, natural language processing, expert systems, neural networks, planning, robotics, and intelligent agents. According to a McKinsey & Company study, in 2016, companies invested $26 to $39 billion in AI. In addition, since 2013, investments have increased by three times.

 

An overview of the music streaming industry

 

In 1999, the music industry market size was less than half of today. What provoked this growth, you ask? The answer is simple: the internet. The technological advancements of the internet grew at a rate of 200% around the globe between 2000–2018, taking the music industry to new heights.

 

According to the Financial Times, the internet played a catalyst role in online music streaming industry growth. Major music service providers, such as Spotify, Apple, Pandora, and Amazon are taking music services to the next level by integrating AI with their music streaming platforms.

 

Today,music streamingservicesarehelpingusersbyutilizing technology to understand customers’ tastes by using AI and recommending more comparable songs on a timely basis.

 

Traditionally, any business owner utilizes data analytic tools to diagnose, group, predict, and understand customer requirements to make an appropriate business change/service recommendation. For the music industry, due to the rapidly growing number of customers, and the wide variety of choices now available, traditional tools don’t cut it anymore. Incorporating AI and machine learning technologies into music streaming algorithms is quickly becoming the new norm. If a music service provider can’t ‘guess’ what a user wants to hear, the user will most likely switch to one that can.

From: <https://www.prescouter.com/2018/03/music-streaming-services-ai/>

 

Glossary: Tapping into:tirandoproveitode; encompasses:abrange; networks: redes; rate: taxa; heights: alturas; owner: dono; proprietário;requirements:exigências;guess:adivinhar; switch:trocar,mudar.

The sum of $26 to $39 billion represents how much

TEXT

Based on TEXT, it is CORRECT to infer that

 

I. technology affects social skills and interaction.
II. mother and son do not know how to use a cell phone.
III.mother and son are physically close but seem far away from one another.
IV.the use of cell phones at home does not interfere in their relationship.
V. people are more and more dependent on smartphones.

 

Choose the CORRECT sequence:

The parents who don’t want to go back to the office

    For Ellen, a 36-year-old mother-of-one living in Westchester County, north of New York City, an article that
appeared online in May 2021 changed everything. That week, one of the most powerful men in the finance industry
told a conference that remote working didn’t work for “those who want to hustle”, and signalled his intent to bring
employees back to the office.
[5]    Ellen, who had spent her entire career working on Wall Street, almost choked on her coffee. “During the previous
18 months, I’d spent every single waking hour of the day doing nothing but hustle,” she explains. She was worried by
what the comments implied for workers in her industry. “I didn’t want to go back to the office. I’d come to love working
from home. I’d proved that it could work, and I didn’t want it to change.”
    But it did. In the weeks that followed, a handful of major financial-services companies, including Ellen’s employer,
[10] called time on allowing employees to choose where to work.
    The pandemic, Ellen had rarely seen her three-year-old son during the week. But since Covid-19 hit, she had
become accustomed to having lunch with him and being around for bath and bedtime – which meant readjusting to
office working was “devastating”. “Through all the pain of the pandemic, the one huge upside was that I’d had a
chance to really bond with him,” she says of her son. “I was working, and we have a nanny, but I was at home and the
[15] opportunity to hang out with him between Zoom meetings and calls was priceless.”
    For years, parents have been calling for more autonomy to decide where and when they work, and to construct
their working week around opportunities to care for their children. In March 2020, the pandemic granted those
requests for many, as people were sent home to do their jobs. But now, amid signs the pandemic may be coming
under control, and as a cautious transition back to pre-pandemic habits gathers pace, many employers are asking
[20] employees are to come back into the office full time.
    Generally, workers are split on how they feel about going back in person. Some applaud the social advantages of
being back in the office, while others are recoiling at the prospect. But parents are fighting back particularly hard,
especially those who work long hours.

    [...]
[25]    According to a May 2020 survey by PwC, parents of children under the age of 18 were more reluctant to return to
the workplace than non-parents, and of all respondents who said they were hesitant to go back, more than a fifth cited
their responsibilities as a parent or caregiver. Additional PwC research in January 2021 showed that more than half of
employees would prefer to be remote at least three days a week once pandemic concerns subside.

Source: https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20211007-the-parents-who-dont-want-to-go-back-to-the-office. Accessed on: October 10, 2021. Adapted.

The word “but”, in the sentence “But it did” (line 9), can be classified as

Why inexperienced workers can’t get entry-level jobs

By Kate Morgan20th September 2021. “Entry-level” jobs used to be the way for new graduates to enter the workforce. But many are now requiring prior experience.

 

    As anyone who’s graduated from university or applied for their first job in recent years can attest to, something
new – and alarming – has happened to entry-level jobs: they’ve disappeared.

    A recent analysis of close to 4 million jobs posted on LinkedIn since late 2017 showed that 35% of postings for
“entry-level” positions asked for years of prior relevant work experience. That requirement was even more common in
[5] certain industries. More than 60% of listings for entry-level software and IT Services jobs, for instance, required three
or more years of experience. In short, it seems entry-level jobs aren’t for people just entering the workforce at all.
    And while that first job is harder than ever to get, it’s also more important than ever, says Alan Seals, an associate
professor of economics at Auburn University, US. It may be the bottom-most rung on the employment ladder, but a
worker’s first position sets the tone for their career.
[10]     “The most important time in your career is the first three years,” he says. “The quality of your first employer really
matters. So, how do you get that first job?”
    The simple answer is workers need something more than motivation or a college degree to enter the workforce
now, whether it’s lots of internships, or the connections to get around a complex application process without an
algorithm weeding them out. But not everybody has access to those advantages, and the result is that workers are
[15] being left behind. 

 

The rise of the internship

 

    An ever-growing internship market means more young people are fleshing out their resumes before they even
leave university, says Seals, who notes many students are now getting their first internship after first year.
    “Internships are now the entry level,” he says. “Most of the students in college are doing or trying to do internships,
[20] and now it’s increasingly common to do more than one.”
    Seales says this fact impacts the entry-level job market on multiple fronts. First, companies can save money by
using interns to do that work without having to pay junior employees; the more interns a company has, the fewer
entry-level jobs it’s likely to open.
    Second, because applicants with one or more internships on their resume aren’t tough to come by, those who
[25] don’t have internship experience are left out in the cold. That can happen to students who can’t afford an unpaid or
low-paid internship, or those who have trouble securing one.
    “In some cases, you need to have had an internship to get an internship. It’s also tough if you’re an ethnic
minority,” says Seals. A February 2020 study he co-authored showed that employers are “less likely to respond to
[intern] applicants with Black-sounding names” and much more likely to hire those who’ve had internships before.
[30]     Add to that the fact that the vast majority of internship opportunities are geographically located near major cities,
meaning those who don’t already live there or can’t relocate are out of luck. [...]

Source: https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20210916-why-inexperienced-workers-cant-get-entry-level-jobs. Accessed on: October 10, 2021. Adapted.

In the excerpt “‘Internships are now the entry level,’ he says. ‘Most of the students in college are doing or trying to do internships, and now it’s increasingly common to do more than one.’” (lines 19-20), we can find the following verb tenses: