Questões de Inglês

TEXT

 

Pope Francis disappoints Rohingya by failing to condemn persecution

 

[1]   As the crowds trickled out of the  

Yangon sports ground where Pope Francis 

delivered his first public mass before tens of  

thousands of people, Khin Maung Myint, a  

[5] Rohingya activist, sat on the sidelines. He  

was disappointed. Not in Francis, but in the  

advisers who appear to have dissuaded the  

pontiff from bringing up the plight of the  

Rohingya people. “Rohingya are not the  

[10] ones who lost their dignity, but the people  

who silence the pope’s expression,” he said.  

“Those who pushed the pope not to use the  

word Rohingya, they are the ones who lost  

their dignity.” 

[15]   Francis is nearing the end of a  

four-day visit to Myanmar, previously  

known as Burma, in which he has not  

publicly spoken about the persecuted  

Muslim minority, more than 620,000 of  

[20] whom have fled to Bangladesh in recent  

months, escaping what western leaders are  

calling ethnic cleansing. 

  Among the guests in the VIP  

section, where a gazebo provided protection  

[25] from the hot Myanmar sun, was Aye Ne  

Win, the grandson of the country’s first  

dictator who attracted public derision  

recently after he dressed up as the pope for  

Halloween. Beside him, in a black veil, sat a  

[30] beauty queen who has described the  

Rohingya in a YouTube video as “harbingers  

of terror and violence”. 

  In his homily on Wednesday, the  

pope talked about the need for forgiveness  

[35] and ignoring the desire for revenge, but  

declined to reference violence meted out  

against the Rohingya, a campaign allegedly  

marked by gang-rape, massacres and  

arson. “We think that healing can come  

[40] from anger or revenge,” Francis said,  

speaking of the many “wounded” people in  

Myanmar. “Yet the way of revenge is not  

the way of Jesus,” he said. It was his  

second public address in Myanmar, coming  

[45] after he shared a stage with the state  

counsellor, Aung San Suu Kyi, on Tuesday,  

telling an audience of diplomats and  

journalists that all of Myanmar’s religious  

and minority ethnic groups – “none  

[50] excluded” – should be respected. 

  Both speeches have fallen short of  

what many expected from the pope, whose  

advocacy for refugees has been a  

benchmark of his papacy. He has previously  

[55] referred to “our Rohingya brothers and  

sisters”. At a press conference in Yangon on  

Wednesday night, papal spokesman Greg  

Burke said the moral authority of the Pope  

“still stands”. “You can criticize what is said  

[60] or not said but the Pope is not going to lose  

any moral authority on this question here,”  

he said.  

  The Rohingya have suffered  

decades of persecution in Myanmar, where  

[65] their freedoms have been slowly eroded and  

tens of thousands are confined to  

internment camps. They are widely deemed  

illegal immigrants from Bangladesh and  

labelled “Bengalis”. “For years the  

[70] international community has towed the  

government of Myanmar’s line, refusing to  

say ‘Rohingya’ for fear of doing harm,” said  

David Baulk, a Myanmar researcher for  

Fortify Rights. “There should be nothing  

[75] controversial about the pope identifying  

people by the name they want.” 

  Whether or not the pope should  

address the crisis has been a matter of  

debate within the Vatican since the visit was  

[80] announced, according to a source familiar  

with discussions. “There are probably a mix  

of voices in the Vatican,” they said. “Those  

who are old school diplomats for whom  

caution is always their watchword and  

[85] others who are a bit more bold.” 

  The most vocal was until recently  

Charles Maung Bo, Myanmar’s first cardinal,  

a powerful orator who has fiercely defended  

the Rohingya and condemned “merchants of  

[90] hatred” in the form of Buddhist  

ultranationalists who have sanctioned the  

violence. 

  Before this week’s visit he urged  

the pope not to use the word, though he  

[95] has made it clear he would have been  

happy with a compromise phrase, according  

to the source. “I think one factor in this was  

almost certainly pressure from within the  

church on him because he has been so  

[100] outspoken until now and I think there would  

have been an enormous amount of pressure  

from other bishops,” the source said. 

  Who are the Rohingya? 

  At the press conference on 

[105] Wednesday night, the split between the  

bishops was apparent, with one saying  

there was a lack of “reliable evidence” of  

atrocities and was not sure what was going  

on because he had not seen it himself. 

[110]   The silence is likely to appease  

many Catholics in the country who either  

share prejudices against the Rohingya or  

are afraid of a nationalist backlash against  

the 650,000-strong Catholic community in  

[115] Myanmar. 

  Francis is scheduled to fly to  

Dhaka in Bangladesh where he will meet  

Rohingya refugees on Thursday. But for  

some in Myanmar, the leader of the church  

[120] has a moral obligation not to leave the  

country without commenting on its most  

pressing crisis. 

  After the mass, Father Thomas, a  

Yangon priest, said he hoped the pope  

[125] brought the matter up in closed-door  

meetings this week with the army chief, Min  

Aung Hlaing, and Aung San Suu Kyi. 

  “This is the main issue in Burma,”  

he said. 

www.theguardian.com/nov.27.2017

 

In “The Rohingya have suffered decades of persecution in Myanmar, where their freedoms have been slowly eroded...” (lines 63-65), the two verb tenses are respectively

TEXT

 

Pope Francis disappoints Rohingya by failing to condemn persecution

 

[1]   As the crowds trickled out of the  

Yangon sports ground where Pope Francis 

delivered his first public mass before tens of  

thousands of people, Khin Maung Myint, a  

[5] Rohingya activist, sat on the sidelines. He  

was disappointed. Not in Francis, but in the  

advisers who appear to have dissuaded the  

pontiff from bringing up the plight of the  

Rohingya people. “Rohingya are not the  

[10] ones who lost their dignity, but the people  

who silence the pope’s expression,” he said.  

“Those who pushed the pope not to use the  

word Rohingya, they are the ones who lost  

their dignity.” 

[15]   Francis is nearing the end of a  

four-day visit to Myanmar, previously  

known as Burma, in which he has not  

publicly spoken about the persecuted  

Muslim minority, more than 620,000 of  

[20] whom have fled to Bangladesh in recent  

months, escaping what western leaders are  

calling ethnic cleansing. 

  Among the guests in the VIP  

section, where a gazebo provided protection  

[25] from the hot Myanmar sun, was Aye Ne  

Win, the grandson of the country’s first  

dictator who attracted public derision  

recently after he dressed up as the pope for  

Halloween. Beside him, in a black veil, sat a  

[30] beauty queen who has described the  

Rohingya in a YouTube video as “harbingers  

of terror and violence”. 

  In his homily on Wednesday, the  

pope talked about the need for forgiveness  

[35] and ignoring the desire for revenge, but  

declined to reference violence meted out  

against the Rohingya, a campaign allegedly  

marked by gang-rape, massacres and  

arson. “We think that healing can come  

[40] from anger or revenge,” Francis said,  

speaking of the many “wounded” people in  

Myanmar. “Yet the way of revenge is not  

the way of Jesus,” he said. It was his  

second public address in Myanmar, coming  

[45] after he shared a stage with the state  

counsellor, Aung San Suu Kyi, on Tuesday,  

telling an audience of diplomats and  

journalists that all of Myanmar’s religious  

and minority ethnic groups – “none  

[50] excluded” – should be respected. 

  Both speeches have fallen short of  

what many expected from the pope, whose  

advocacy for refugees has been a  

benchmark of his papacy. He has previously  

[55] referred to “our Rohingya brothers and  

sisters”. At a press conference in Yangon on  

Wednesday night, papal spokesman Greg  

Burke said the moral authority of the Pope  

“still stands”. “You can criticize what is said  

[60] or not said but the Pope is not going to lose  

any moral authority on this question here,”  

he said.  

  The Rohingya have suffered  

decades of persecution in Myanmar, where  

[65] their freedoms have been slowly eroded and  

tens of thousands are confined to  

internment camps. They are widely deemed  

illegal immigrants from Bangladesh and  

labelled “Bengalis”. “For years the  

[70] international community has towed the  

government of Myanmar’s line, refusing to  

say ‘Rohingya’ for fear of doing harm,” said  

David Baulk, a Myanmar researcher for  

Fortify Rights. “There should be nothing  

[75] controversial about the pope identifying  

people by the name they want.” 

  Whether or not the pope should  

address the crisis has been a matter of  

debate within the Vatican since the visit was  

[80] announced, according to a source familiar  

with discussions. “There are probably a mix  

of voices in the Vatican,” they said. “Those  

who are old school diplomats for whom  

caution is always their watchword and  

[85] others who are a bit more bold.” 

  The most vocal was until recently  

Charles Maung Bo, Myanmar’s first cardinal,  

a powerful orator who has fiercely defended  

the Rohingya and condemned “merchants of  

[90] hatred” in the form of Buddhist  

ultranationalists who have sanctioned the  

violence. 

  Before this week’s visit he urged  

the pope not to use the word, though he  

[95] has made it clear he would have been  

happy with a compromise phrase, according  

to the source. “I think one factor in this was  

almost certainly pressure from within the  

church on him because he has been so  

[100] outspoken until now and I think there would  

have been an enormous amount of pressure  

from other bishops,” the source said. 

  Who are the Rohingya? 

  At the press conference on 

[105] Wednesday night, the split between the  

bishops was apparent, with one saying  

there was a lack of “reliable evidence” of  

atrocities and was not sure what was going  

on because he had not seen it himself. 

[110]   The silence is likely to appease  

many Catholics in the country who either  

share prejudices against the Rohingya or  

are afraid of a nationalist backlash against  

the 650,000-strong Catholic community in  

[115] Myanmar. 

  Francis is scheduled to fly to  

Dhaka in Bangladesh where he will meet  

Rohingya refugees on Thursday. But for  

some in Myanmar, the leader of the church  

[120] has a moral obligation not to leave the  

country without commenting on its most  

pressing crisis. 

  After the mass, Father Thomas, a  

Yangon priest, said he hoped the pope  

[125] brought the matter up in closed-door  

meetings this week with the army chief, Min  

Aung Hlaing, and Aung San Suu Kyi. 

  “This is the main issue in Burma,”  

he said. 

www.theguardian.com/nov.27.2017

 

In “Beside him, in a black veil, sat a beauty queen who has described the Rohingya in a YouTube video as ‘harbingers of terror and violence’” (lines 29-32) there is an example of

TEXT

 

Pope Francis disappoints Rohingya by failing to condemn persecution

 

[1]   As the crowds trickled out of the  

Yangon sports ground where Pope Francis 

delivered his first public mass before tens of  

thousands of people, Khin Maung Myint, a  

[5] Rohingya activist, sat on the sidelines. He  

was disappointed. Not in Francis, but in the  

advisers who appear to have dissuaded the  

pontiff from bringing up the plight of the  

Rohingya people. “Rohingya are not the  

[10] ones who lost their dignity, but the people  

who silence the pope’s expression,” he said.  

“Those who pushed the pope not to use the  

word Rohingya, they are the ones who lost  

their dignity.” 

[15]   Francis is nearing the end of a  

four-day visit to Myanmar, previously  

known as Burma, in which he has not  

publicly spoken about the persecuted  

Muslim minority, more than 620,000 of  

[20] whom have fled to Bangladesh in recent  

months, escaping what western leaders are  

calling ethnic cleansing. 

  Among the guests in the VIP  

section, where a gazebo provided protection  

[25] from the hot Myanmar sun, was Aye Ne  

Win, the grandson of the country’s first  

dictator who attracted public derision  

recently after he dressed up as the pope for  

Halloween. Beside him, in a black veil, sat a  

[30] beauty queen who has described the  

Rohingya in a YouTube video as “harbingers  

of terror and violence”. 

  In his homily on Wednesday, the  

pope talked about the need for forgiveness  

[35] and ignoring the desire for revenge, but  

declined to reference violence meted out  

against the Rohingya, a campaign allegedly  

marked by gang-rape, massacres and  

arson. “We think that healing can come  

[40] from anger or revenge,” Francis said,  

speaking of the many “wounded” people in  

Myanmar. “Yet the way of revenge is not  

the way of Jesus,” he said. It was his  

second public address in Myanmar, coming  

[45] after he shared a stage with the state  

counsellor, Aung San Suu Kyi, on Tuesday,  

telling an audience of diplomats and  

journalists that all of Myanmar’s religious  

and minority ethnic groups – “none  

[50] excluded” – should be respected. 

  Both speeches have fallen short of  

what many expected from the pope, whose  

advocacy for refugees has been a  

benchmark of his papacy. He has previously  

[55] referred to “our Rohingya brothers and  

sisters”. At a press conference in Yangon on  

Wednesday night, papal spokesman Greg  

Burke said the moral authority of the Pope  

“still stands”. “You can criticize what is said  

[60] or not said but the Pope is not going to lose  

any moral authority on this question here,”  

he said.  

  The Rohingya have suffered  

decades of persecution in Myanmar, where  

[65] their freedoms have been slowly eroded and  

tens of thousands are confined to  

internment camps. They are widely deemed  

illegal immigrants from Bangladesh and  

labelled “Bengalis”. “For years the  

[70] international community has towed the  

government of Myanmar’s line, refusing to  

say ‘Rohingya’ for fear of doing harm,” said  

David Baulk, a Myanmar researcher for  

Fortify Rights. “There should be nothing  

[75] controversial about the pope identifying  

people by the name they want.” 

  Whether or not the pope should  

address the crisis has been a matter of  

debate within the Vatican since the visit was  

[80] announced, according to a source familiar  

with discussions. “There are probably a mix  

of voices in the Vatican,” they said. “Those  

who are old school diplomats for whom  

caution is always their watchword and  

[85] others who are a bit more bold.” 

  The most vocal was until recently  

Charles Maung Bo, Myanmar’s first cardinal,  

a powerful orator who has fiercely defended  

the Rohingya and condemned “merchants of  

[90] hatred” in the form of Buddhist  

ultranationalists who have sanctioned the  

violence. 

  Before this week’s visit he urged  

the pope not to use the word, though he  

[95] has made it clear he would have been  

happy with a compromise phrase, according  

to the source. “I think one factor in this was  

almost certainly pressure from within the  

church on him because he has been so  

[100] outspoken until now and I think there would  

have been an enormous amount of pressure  

from other bishops,” the source said. 

  Who are the Rohingya? 

  At the press conference on 

[105] Wednesday night, the split between the  

bishops was apparent, with one saying  

there was a lack of “reliable evidence” of  

atrocities and was not sure what was going  

on because he had not seen it himself. 

[110]   The silence is likely to appease  

many Catholics in the country who either  

share prejudices against the Rohingya or  

are afraid of a nationalist backlash against  

the 650,000-strong Catholic community in  

[115] Myanmar. 

  Francis is scheduled to fly to  

Dhaka in Bangladesh where he will meet  

Rohingya refugees on Thursday. But for  

some in Myanmar, the leader of the church  

[120] has a moral obligation not to leave the  

country without commenting on its most  

pressing crisis. 

  After the mass, Father Thomas, a  

Yangon priest, said he hoped the pope  

[125] brought the matter up in closed-door  

meetings this week with the army chief, Min  

Aung Hlaing, and Aung San Suu Kyi. 

  “This is the main issue in Burma,”  

he said. 

www.theguardian.com/nov.27.2017

 

The sentence “The Rohingya have suffered decades of persecution in Myanmar, where their freedoms have been slowly eroded and tens of thousands are confined to internment camps” (lines 63-67) is 

TEXT

 

Pope Francis disappoints Rohingya by failing to condemn persecution

 

[1]   As the crowds trickled out of the  

Yangon sports ground where Pope Francis 

delivered his first public mass before tens of  

thousands of people, Khin Maung Myint, a  

[5] Rohingya activist, sat on the sidelines. He  

was disappointed. Not in Francis, but in the  

advisers who appear to have dissuaded the  

pontiff from bringing up the plight of the  

Rohingya people. “Rohingya are not the  

[10] ones who lost their dignity, but the people  

who silence the pope’s expression,” he said.  

“Those who pushed the pope not to use the  

word Rohingya, they are the ones who lost  

their dignity.” 

[15]   Francis is nearing the end of a  

four-day visit to Myanmar, previously  

known as Burma, in which he has not  

publicly spoken about the persecuted  

Muslim minority, more than 620,000 of  

[20] whom have fled to Bangladesh in recent  

months, escaping what western leaders are  

calling ethnic cleansing. 

  Among the guests in the VIP  

section, where a gazebo provided protection  

[25] from the hot Myanmar sun, was Aye Ne  

Win, the grandson of the country’s first  

dictator who attracted public derision  

recently after he dressed up as the pope for  

Halloween. Beside him, in a black veil, sat a  

[30] beauty queen who has described the  

Rohingya in a YouTube video as “harbingers  

of terror and violence”. 

  In his homily on Wednesday, the  

pope talked about the need for forgiveness  

[35] and ignoring the desire for revenge, but  

declined to reference violence meted out  

against the Rohingya, a campaign allegedly  

marked by gang-rape, massacres and  

arson. “We think that healing can come  

[40] from anger or revenge,” Francis said,  

speaking of the many “wounded” people in  

Myanmar. “Yet the way of revenge is not  

the way of Jesus,” he said. It was his  

second public address in Myanmar, coming  

[45] after he shared a stage with the state  

counsellor, Aung San Suu Kyi, on Tuesday,  

telling an audience of diplomats and  

journalists that all of Myanmar’s religious  

and minority ethnic groups – “none  

[50] excluded” – should be respected. 

  Both speeches have fallen short of  

what many expected from the pope, whose  

advocacy for refugees has been a  

benchmark of his papacy. He has previously  

[55] referred to “our Rohingya brothers and  

sisters”. At a press conference in Yangon on  

Wednesday night, papal spokesman Greg  

Burke said the moral authority of the Pope  

“still stands”. “You can criticize what is said  

[60] or not said but the Pope is not going to lose  

any moral authority on this question here,”  

he said.  

  The Rohingya have suffered  

decades of persecution in Myanmar, where  

[65] their freedoms have been slowly eroded and  

tens of thousands are confined to  

internment camps. They are widely deemed  

illegal immigrants from Bangladesh and  

labelled “Bengalis”. “For years the  

[70] international community has towed the  

government of Myanmar’s line, refusing to  

say ‘Rohingya’ for fear of doing harm,” said  

David Baulk, a Myanmar researcher for  

Fortify Rights. “There should be nothing  

[75] controversial about the pope identifying  

people by the name they want.” 

  Whether or not the pope should  

address the crisis has been a matter of  

debate within the Vatican since the visit was  

[80] announced, according to a source familiar  

with discussions. “There are probably a mix  

of voices in the Vatican,” they said. “Those  

who are old school diplomats for whom  

caution is always their watchword and  

[85] others who are a bit more bold.” 

  The most vocal was until recently  

Charles Maung Bo, Myanmar’s first cardinal,  

a powerful orator who has fiercely defended  

the Rohingya and condemned “merchants of  

[90] hatred” in the form of Buddhist  

ultranationalists who have sanctioned the  

violence. 

  Before this week’s visit he urged  

the pope not to use the word, though he  

[95] has made it clear he would have been  

happy with a compromise phrase, according  

to the source. “I think one factor in this was  

almost certainly pressure from within the  

church on him because he has been so  

[100] outspoken until now and I think there would  

have been an enormous amount of pressure  

from other bishops,” the source said. 

  Who are the Rohingya? 

  At the press conference on 

[105] Wednesday night, the split between the  

bishops was apparent, with one saying  

there was a lack of “reliable evidence” of  

atrocities and was not sure what was going  

on because he had not seen it himself. 

[110]   The silence is likely to appease  

many Catholics in the country who either  

share prejudices against the Rohingya or  

are afraid of a nationalist backlash against  

the 650,000-strong Catholic community in  

[115] Myanmar. 

  Francis is scheduled to fly to  

Dhaka in Bangladesh where he will meet  

Rohingya refugees on Thursday. But for  

some in Myanmar, the leader of the church  

[120] has a moral obligation not to leave the  

country without commenting on its most  

pressing crisis. 

  After the mass, Father Thomas, a  

Yangon priest, said he hoped the pope  

[125] brought the matter up in closed-door  

meetings this week with the army chief, Min  

Aung Hlaing, and Aung San Suu Kyi. 

  “This is the main issue in Burma,”  

he said. 

www.theguardian.com/nov.27.2017

 

The sentence “For years the international community has towed the government of Myanmar’s line” (lines 69-71), contains an example of

Text 2

 

"Many people do not wash their hands when the behavior in which they engage would warrant it," begins a recent study from Michigan State University, and I'm sorry to say it only gets grosser from there. Researchers sneakily observed 3,749 people in public restrooms and found that nearly all of them—95 percent—didn't wash their hands long enough to kill germs. 

Even scarier, 15 percent of men and 7 percent of women did not wash their hands at all. When they did bother to turn on a faucet, half of men and 22 percent of women neglected to use soap! (Or, as the researchers describe it: They "attempted to wash their hands," but failed.) 

The CDC says you need to wash your hands—with soap!—for at least 20 seconds in order to kill disease-causing germs. Alas, the people in this study only washed their hands for an average of 6 seconds (...)

This extensive study founds lots of other interesting tidbits about hand-washing habits. Here are a few: 

 

• People were more likely to wash their hands in the morning

• People were less likely to wash their hands if the sink was dirty

• People were more likely to wash their hands if there was sign to remind them

Other hand-washing research has found that college students are disgusting, people will wash their hands if they're being watched, and antibacterial soap isn't much better than the regular kind.

The study appears in the Journal of Environmental Health.

(Source: adapted from https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-06/only-5-percent-people-wash-their-hands-correctly) 

 

What is the function of "Alas" in Text 2?

Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040

 

  Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the country’s air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. “We can’t carry on with diesel and petrol cars”, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. “There is no alternative to embracing new technology”. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. 

  Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory.

  The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once they're cheaper to own than conventional vehicles.

  The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly £1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. 

  Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, “accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation”. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. 

  The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Union’s annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to King’s College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. 

  The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech.

  “We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology”, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines.

  Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030.

  The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology. Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. 

(Disponível: . Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) 

Consider the following numbers:

 

1. 2.7 million new clean energy cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016.

2. 40,000 of British deaths yearly are said to be caused by pollution related diseases.

3. Car industry in Britain is cautious about having specific dates for banning internal combustion energy cars because it supports over 800.000 jobs in the UK.

 

Mark the correct alternative.