Questões de Inglês

INSTRUCTIONS: Read the following text to answer question.

 

There are many reasons why we tend to slow down and become more sedentary with age. It may be due to health problems, weight or pain issues, or worries about falling. Or perhaps you think that exercising simply isn’t for you. But as you grow older, an active lifestyle becomes more important than ever to your health.

A recent Swedish study found that physical activity was the number one contributor to longevity, adding extra years to your life -- even if you don’t start exercising until your senior years. But getting active is not just about adding years to your life, it’s about adding life to your years.

Getting moving can help boost your energy, maintain your independence, protect your heart, and manage symptoms of illness or pain as well as your weight. Regular exercise is also good for your mind, mood, and memory. It’s never too late to find simple, enjoyable ways to become more active, improve your mood and outlook, and reap all of the physical and mental health benefits of exercise.

Available at: https://www.helpguide.org/articles/healthy-living/ exercise-and-fitness-as-you-age.htm. Accessed on: Mar. 16, 2023.

The phrase due to in the sentence “It may be due to health problems, weight or pain issues, or worries about falling” means

How to Recognize Heat Illness and Stay Cool during Extreme Weather

 

The ill effects of heat kill more people in the U.S. than those of any other weather phenomenon, according to the National Weather Service. And globally the growing number of longer-lasting and hotter heat waves because of climate change has left people more vulnerable to record-shattering highs.

Available at: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-torecognize-heat-illness-and-stay-cool-during-extreme-weather/. Access: Aug 25, 2022.

 

The word “those” in this passage is used to

Read the text below and choose the best answer for each question, according to it.

 

Quiet quitting: The workplace trend taking over TikTok

 

Despite the name, "quiet quitting" actually has nothing to do with quitting your job. It means doing only what your job demands and nothing more. Quitting doing anything extra. You still show up for work but stay strictly within the boundaries of your job requirements. So, no more helping out with additional tasks or checking emails outside work hours. Since the pandemic, an increasing number of young workers have grown tired of not getting the recognition and compensation for putting in extra hours. They're saying no to burnout, and instead focusing on work-life balance. The movement is centered around selfpreservation and "acting your wage".

 

The term "quiet quitting" has taken off recently after American TikTokker @zaidlepplin posted a video on it that went viral, saying "work is not your life". Perhaps surprisingly, the overall movement may have its origins in China, where the now-censored hashtag #tangping, meaning "lie flat", was used in protest against the long-hours culture.

 

However, not everyone's on board with the quiet quitting phenomenon. Workplace decorum expert Pattie Ehsaei expressed her disagreement with it in a TikTok video, saying you'll never succeed at work with that mindset. "Quiet quitting is doing the bare minimum required of you at work and being content with mediocrity," she told the BBC.

"Advancement and pay increases will go to those whose level of effort warrants advancement and doing the bare minimum certainly does not."

 

Career coach and podcast host Joanne Mallon says many of her clients have already started to quiet quit when they come to her for coaching. She says that while she would never advise someone to quiet quit, she asks them what their reasons are for doing so. According to her, "Everybody has quiet quit at some point in their lives, but ultimately it might be a sign that it's time to move on and get out of a space physically".

Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-62638908 Available on September 15th, 2022.

According to the text, the fact that quiet quitting may have its origins in China is

Read the text and answer the question below.

 

Cyber criminals exploiting ChatGPT popularity to spread malwares via FB accounts

 

Cyber criminals are exploiting popularity of ChatGPT tospread malware throughhijackedFacebook accounts, cyber intelligence firm CloudSEK said on Monday.

    CloudSEK in its investigation has found the presence of 13 Facebook pages or accounts including those with Indian content, totalling over 5 lakh followers, that have been compromised and are being used to disseminate the malware via Facebook ads.

    “Cybercriminals are capitalising on the popularity of ChatGPT, exploiting Facebook’s vast user base by compromising legitimate Facebook accounts to distribute malware via Facebook ads, putting users’ security at risk. Our investigation has uncovered 13 compromised pages with over 500k followers, some of which have been hijacked since February 2023. We urge users to be vigilant and aware of such malicious activities on the platform,” CloudSEK cyber intelligence analyst Bablu Kumar said.

    CloudSEK claims to have uncovered at least 25 websites engaged in the nefarious practice of impersonating the OpenAI.com website, which are malicious sites that are duping individuals into downloading and installing harmful software, posing a severe risk to their security and privacy.

    “The malicious malware is not only capable of stealing sensitive information such as PII, system information, and credit card details from the user's device, but also has replication capabilities to spread across systems through removable media. With the ability to escalate privileges and persistently remain on the system, it poses a significant threat,” Kumar said.

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/techno logy/cyber-criminals-exploiting-chatgpt-popularity-to -spread-malwares-via-fb-accounts/articleshow/99033545.cms

About “sensitive information”, what is NOT possible for you to infer* about the text?

 

*Infer: to conclude / deduce from evidence or by reasoning (Oxford Dictionary).

Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

 

Op-Ed: Ariel Is Black. Cry About It.

IT IS TELLING THAT EVEN IN A FANTASY WORLD, ANTI-BLACKNESS IS STILL TOP OF MIND.

It is not uncommon for racists to unravel when their fantasy’s legs give out. This time’s cause is the first teaser trailer for Disney’s live-action The Little Mermaid remake starring Halle Bailey. Critics are having a difficult time receiving her – a Black woman with locs and a platinum voice – as the titular star.

The complaints about The Little Mermaid vary in content, but all are baseless. Some are up in arms because a once-white character is now being portrayed by a Black woman.

“I don’t think the issue is that she’s black. I think the issue is that they’re changing a pre-exing [sic] character,” one Reddit user wrote. Let’s capitalize that “B” and get serious about what the real issue is – a Black person having space in a fictional, yet still historically white, world.

“Diversity is great but when you use that to change pre-existing characters, it feels forced... Just make a new movie, instead of changing characters, especially for remakes and live-action since they’re counting on the nostalgic values,” the Reddit writer also said. (Let me also note that the phrase “diversity is great” is doing some heavy lifting.)

Others take issue with the upcoming film because they believe Ariel’s Blackness is the doing of the woke left. It is an extension of the deadly ‘Great Replacement Theory’ claiming Black people are dimming white people’s influence. Though “woke” is a term popularized in the 21st century by a Black woman and is meant to encapsulate the experience of being Black, it has since been weaponized. It is now a pejorative, commonly used to refer to Black people in a negative way. However, we all know what they really want to say.

As Bailey is the target of racist attacks, multiple media sites are under fire for asking if the Emmys, and high brow awards in general, are still meaningful. It is not lost on viewers that these questions come as Sheryl Lee Ralph, Quinta Brunson, Lizzo, Nneka Onuora, Zendaya, Bridget Stokes, and Ashley Nicole Black (with many of them making history with their wins) took home awards. In fact, two of the stories use photos of Ralph proudly holding her statuette, a move that feels intentional. Black women are showcasing their talent in a way the white masses simply were not prepared for. That is no one’s problem but theirs.

Furthermore, in defense of Bailey’s casting, Ariel is a mermaid. A mythical creature that will never appear in the world we inhabit, unlike the very real Black people who have been portrayed by white people in film and on television. In 2007, Angelina Jolie played Mariane Pearl, the Afro-Cuban wife of murdered journalist Daniel Pearl. Then, actor Joseph Fiennes was Michael Jackson in a now pulled 2016 episode of Urban Myths. We also can’t forget the suggestion that Julia Roberts was to portray Harriet Tubman in a feature film. The Black community taken aback by those roles is fair because white actors were called on to replicate the experiences of a Black person.

In the Reddit post mentioned earlier, a (removed, but still viewable) chart likened Ariel being Black to Rapunzel not having hair as if to say her story is purposeless without white skin. It is telling that even in ancient, imaginary realms, anti-Blackness is still top of mind. This Ariel, Halle’s Ariel, is a Black girl. No tweets attempting to explain why it would be impossible for an, again, fictional, sea-dwelling fish-girl to be Black, or vows to avoid watching the film, will change that. An exclusionary, white world is not what Ariel wished to be a part of.

(Adaptado de: Ariel Is Black. Cry About It, Racists. Disponível em: essence.com. Acesso em: 10 dez. 2022.)

Sobre a frase “Let’s capitalize that ‘B’ and get serious about what the real issue is – a Black person having space in a fictional, yet still historically white, world.”, é correto afirmar que se trata de

Leia o texto a seguir e responda à questão.

 

Op-Ed: Ariel Is Black. Cry About It.

IT IS TELLING THAT EVEN IN A FANTASY WORLD, ANTI-BLACKNESS IS STILL TOP OF MIND.

It is not uncommon for racists to unravel when their fantasy’s legs give out. This time’s cause is the first teaser trailer for Disney’s live-action The Little Mermaid remake starring Halle Bailey. Critics are having a difficult time receiving her – a Black woman with locs and a platinum voice – as the titular star.

The complaints about The Little Mermaid vary in content, but all are baseless. Some are up in arms because a once-white character is now being portrayed by a Black woman.

“I don’t think the issue is that she’s black. I think the issue is that they’re changing a pre-exing [sic] character,” one Reddit user wrote. Let’s capitalize that “B” and get serious about what the real issue is – a Black person having space in a fictional, yet still historically white, world.

“Diversity is great but when you use that to change pre-existing characters, it feels forced... Just make a new movie, instead of changing characters, especially for remakes and live-action since they’re counting on the nostalgic values,” the Reddit writer also said. (Let me also note that the phrase “diversity is great” is doing some heavy lifting.)

Others take issue with the upcoming film because they believe Ariel’s Blackness is the doing of the woke left. It is an extension of the deadly ‘Great Replacement Theory’ claiming Black people are dimming white people’s influence. Though “woke” is a term popularized in the 21st century by a Black woman and is meant to encapsulate the experience of being Black, it has since been weaponized. It is now a pejorative, commonly used to refer to Black people in a negative way. However, we all know what they really want to say.

As Bailey is the target of racist attacks, multiple media sites are under fire for asking if the Emmys, and high brow awards in general, are still meaningful. It is not lost on viewers that these questions come as Sheryl Lee Ralph, Quinta Brunson, Lizzo, Nneka Onuora, Zendaya, Bridget Stokes, and Ashley Nicole Black (with many of them making history with their wins) took home awards. In fact, two of the stories use photos of Ralph proudly holding her statuette, a move that feels intentional. Black women are showcasing their talent in a way the white masses simply were not prepared for. That is no one’s problem but theirs.

Furthermore, in defense of Bailey’s casting, Ariel is a mermaid. A mythical creature that will never appear in the world we inhabit, unlike the very real Black people who have been portrayed by white people in film and on television. In 2007, Angelina Jolie played Mariane Pearl, the Afro-Cuban wife of murdered journalist Daniel Pearl. Then, actor Joseph Fiennes was Michael Jackson in a now pulled 2016 episode of Urban Myths. We also can’t forget the suggestion that Julia Roberts was to portray Harriet Tubman in a feature film. The Black community taken aback by those roles is fair because white actors were called on to replicate the experiences of a Black person.

In the Reddit post mentioned earlier, a (removed, but still viewable) chart likened Ariel being Black to Rapunzel not having hair as if to say her story is purposeless without white skin. It is telling that even in ancient, imaginary realms, anti-Blackness is still top of mind. This Ariel, Halle’s Ariel, is a Black girl. No tweets attempting to explain why it would be impossible for an, again, fictional, sea-dwelling fish-girl to be Black, or vows to avoid watching the film, will change that. An exclusionary, white world is not what Ariel wished to be a part of.

(Adaptado de: Ariel Is Black. Cry About It, Racists. Disponível em: essence.com. Acesso em: 10 dez. 2022.)

O texto traz diversos argumentos daqueles que são contrários ao fato de Ariel ser interpretada por uma atriz negra. Sobre esses argumentos, considere as afirmativas a seguir.

 

I. Atores brancos são raramente convocados para interpretar experiências de pessoas negras.

II. Ariel é uma sereia e, portanto, uma criatura mítica, muito diferente de personagens reais negros da televisão.

III. Ter uma Ariel negra é diminuir a influência das pessoas brancas.

IV. Uma personagem que já foi branca ser interpretada por uma mulher negra é mudar a personagem.

 

Assinale a alternativa correta.