Questões de Inglês

Informações importantes para a leitura das tiras cômicas a seguir.

 

Text 18

 

Text 19

A partir da leitura das tiras cômicas (Text 18 e Text 19), infere-se que

 

Text 17

 

'The extra shift': The unpaid emotional labour expected of women at work

Even at workplaces with gender parity, many women still end up doing emotional heavy lifting (Credit: Getty Images)

 

(1) In workplaces across the world, there's labour happening that's not listed in any job description – and women are performing most of it.

 

(2) Emotional labour is the unsung, often unseen, job of managing other people's feelings. "It's not just the work that runs economies," explain Rose Hackman, the author of a 2023 book on the subject. "It's the work that runs families and communities. Emotional labour is manipulating the heart in order to have an effect on clients, customers, passengers, patients. It's what creates a feeling of safety and connection, meaning and belonging within a company."

 

(3) It's crucial – but also taxing, and often required. Women bear the brunt. To begin, they dominate careers that demand a huge amount of emotional labour. But all workplaces require some, and especially in male-dominated offices, women are the ones doing that heavy lifting, largely without acknowledgement or recompense.

 

From an early age

 

(4) Emotional labour-intensive careers tend to be female dominated – think areas like nursing, teaching, childcare, social work and hospitality. While there's an assumption that women are "well-suited" to these jobs, Hackman says that's actually just the effect of socialisation. "All of the traits and skills and roles associated with emotional labour have always been put onto girls and women, starting from a really young age," she says. "Girls are not just taught to be painfully other-oriented; they are policed if they are not."

 

(5) It's a pervasive kind of training, agrees E Michele Ramsey, an associate professor of women's, gender and sexuality studies at Penn State Berks, US. "It rolls into the types of games we tend to be socialised into playing: little girls play dolls, teacher, nurse. Boys play much more active and less nurturing games."

 

(6) The impact is compounded by other early childhood influences, she adds. "This has gotten somewhat better, but on television or in a book you're being read as a child, who is the nurse? Who is the teacher? Who's the scientist and the firefighter? They're often very gendered, and from the very beginning that limits what kids think their options are."

 

(7) Many women are socialised into positions with the highest amount of emotional labour But traits like empathy and compassion certainly aren't innately gendered, and research has shown there is no categorical difference between the male and female brain. "There are studies across academic disciplines showing that empathy is a skill that all humans, regardless of gender, are able to perform," says Hackman. "But it's become so equated with being a girl or woman that we don't see the training; we see it as how girls and women inherently are."

 

(8) It's often the internalised basic training, says Ramsey, that leads women to choose careers that require a great deal of emotional heavy lifting.

 

(9) "It shouldn't be surprising that more women go into these nurturing roles," she says. "People who are marginalised have to be better at non-verbal communication; they have to be able to read signals better, because by virtue of being oppressed they are constantly on the lookout for not stepping on anyone's toes, making sure they don't say the wrong thing. All of those folds into practicing nurturing in all of our play, and all of our interactions. So, we shouldn't be surprised when people who identify as female go into that kind of work.

By Kate Morgan, Features correspondent 14 March 2024

Disponível em: https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20240313-invisible-emotional-labour-women-in-workplace. Acesso em: maio 2024. Adaptado.

De acordo com o Text 17, é CORRETO afirmar que,

Text 10

By Charles Schulz.Disponível em: https://br.pinterest.com/pin/19069998416051517/. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2024.

 

No último quadro, a fala da personagem Sally, irmã do Charlie Brown, deixa transparecer que ela

Text 9

 

Biking Little Venice: A Bike Tour of London’s Beautiful Regent’s Canal

[1] If you were under the impression that the Thames has a monopoly on London’s waterfront biking scene, allow us to introduce you to one of the city’s hidden cycling treasures: The Regent’s Canal.

 

[5] Or as it’s affectionately known around these parts, Little Venice.

 

[3] To be accurate, “Little Venice” only technically refers to the meeting point between the Regent’s and Paddington Arm Canals, located about a five-minute stroll northwest of the Paddington underground station in West London. However, this narrow, picturesque channel of moored boats and lush English foliage serves as the all-important trailhead for a surprisingly enjoyable 10 mile bike ride , guiding visitors past beautiful parks, regal estates, lively districts, hidden cafes, and some of the most cramped bridge underpasses you’ve ever pedaled beneath.

 

[4] Hey, this is 1820’s London we’re talking about, here. You’ll have to forgive them for not putting the newly invented bicycle front and center in their construction plans. Though it’s not uncommon for residents to use the canal as a direct, traffic-free means of transportation from Point A to Point B, if you’re a first timer you’ll probably want to take your time to explore some of the unique stops along the way.

 

[5] Take Granary Square, for example. This trendy addition to King’s Cross is marked by its telltale tiered green steps that descend down to the canal, but just above you’ll find terraced restaurants, cafes, and a series of choreographed fountains you can control from an app on your smartphone. On warm summer afternoons and evenings, consider this plaza a must see.

 

[6] […] 

In all, though there are no dedicated bike lanes and you’ll more than likely have to contend with a few crowded stretches, the Regent’s Canal is undeniably one of the highlights of the London cycling scene. Check out Spinlister’s detailed bike map to get oriented, then give yourself a day to come experience this hidden gem for yourself.

By John Wachunas@Spinlister

Disponível em: https://medium.com/@JohnWachunasSpinlister/biking-little-venice-a-bike-tour-of-london-s-beautiful-regent-s-canal. Acesso em: 22 jul. 2024. Adaptado.

No trecho “Check out Spinlister’s detailed bike map to get oriented, then give yourself a day to come experience this hidden gem for yourself.”, as formas verbais destacadas indicam que o autor

Text 10

By CHARLES SCHULZ. Disponível em: https://br.pinterest.com/pin/17592254789452327/. Acesso em: 22 jun. 2024.

 

No último quadrinho, percebe-se a mudança de tom da Lucy, personagem da tira cômica Peanuts.

 

Nesse sentido, ela deixa transparecer sua percepção de que

(www.bbc.co.uk, 31.05.2024.)

 

 A group of tourists wheel their bulky luggage through the crowds in search of the perfect shot. They gather on a pavement opposite a convenience store — but this is no ordinary store. Rising behind it is Japan’s highest mountain top, the majestic Mount Fuji. The snowy peak of 3,776 meters forms a stunning background for those in search of their next favourite selfie or instagrammable moment. The visitors got what they wanted — and just in time.

 Fast forward a few weeks, to today, and that view is gone. The once-busy vantage point — the pavement — is now behind a black mesh screen1. The barrier is the result of a chorus of complaints from locals, who say their lives have been disrupted by tourists who dirty the streets and disobey traffic rules.

 The picturesque town of Fuji Kawaguchiko has been feeling the impact of a rise in tourism — driven up by a weak yen and a post-pandemic travel boom. The screen is a desperate move and a sign of Japan’s struggle to accommodate this many visitors while protecting its streets, its famous spots and its particular way of living.

 But if the screen is meant to keep people away, it isn’t doing that — yet. Visitors wonder how effective it will be: “It may work for a few days. But I’m sure someone will make a hole [in it] and take a picture at some point,” says Yuri Vavilin, a tourist from Kazakhstan. He is disappointed he missed the crucial shot but he says he shall return and try from either end of the screen.

 This dedication is surprising to 65-year-old Kazuhiko Iwama, who has lived his entire life in Fuji Kawaguchiko. His house sits opposite the convenience store, with its famous blue sign that says ‘Lawson’. “I see it every day from my window, so I really don’t have much to say about it,” he says, looking at the volcano that draws tourists from around the world. “I guess I take it for granted.”

(Shaimaa Khalil. www.bbc.com, 21.05.2024. Adaptado.)

¹mesh screen: uma tela com espaços, como uma malha.

No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “while protecting its streets, its famous spots and its particular way of living”, o termo sublinhado corresponde, em português, a