Questões de Inglês

Answer the next question based on the text below.

 

What your nails can tell you about your health

Nails are exposed to all sorts of things. They can experience injury or even show us signs of something that may be amiss internally. Many health conditions can influence the condition of our nails, showing clear indicators that some or other function is not quite right. When it comes to nail changes as a result of disease, however, such indications are not usually the very first sign.

Nevertheless, there are some particularly distinctive changes that can occur within the nails that may be indicative of changes within the body, ranging from minor to more serious health issues, which you can either resolve on your own or have appropriately diagnosed and treated. Changes can involve the colour, shape or even texture of the nails – some of which are completely harmless and not indications of disease, while others can be helpful in diagnosing a medical condition requiring treatment.

Disponível em: https://www.mymed.com/health wellness/interesting-health-info/what-clues-are-your-nails-giving away-about-your-health/health-conditions-that-show-up-in-your nails. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2024.

We can assert that the shape of our nails

Disponívelem:https://www.cartoonstock.com/search?type=images&keyword=medical&page=1 Acessado em 5 de outubro de 2023.

 

In the cartoon strip above what the doctor says alludes to the fact that:

Answer the following question based on the text below.

 

Why Scratching feels so good (But Is So Bad)

When you’ve got an itch, you probably want to scratch it. But whether it’s from a mosquito bite, chickenpox, or chronic skin issue like eczema, any relief from scratching will be short-lived. And too much scratching can make the problem much worse.

Your muscles, joints, and organs can hurt. But your skin is the only part of your body that can feel both pain and itch.

An itch can be triggered by something outside your body, such as poison ivy, or by something happening on the inside, such as psoriasis or allergies.

Though it feels good, scratching actually triggers mild pain in your skin. Nerve cells tell your brain something hurts, and that distracts it from the itch. It can make you feel better in that moment, but 1 in 5 people say scratching makes them itch somewhere else on their body.

Sometimes the pain from scratching makes your body release the pain-fighting chemical serotonin. It can make the itch feel even itchier.

That’s why the more you scratch, the more you itch. The more you itch, the more you scratch. This cycle can be tough to break, especially if your itch is really bad.

Not all itches are alike. Many happen when your body reacts to pollen, nuts, and other allergens – your immune system makes a chemical called histamine. Others come from a problem with your nervous system, like shingles or a stroke. With those, you might feel numbness and tingling along with the itch.

If you have psoriasis, your itching may feel more like burning. Some people compare it to being attacked by fire ants. Some drugs, like one used to treat malaria, cause a painful all-over itch.

Whatever the reason, it’s important not to scratch too much. It can lead to skin wounds, infections, and scarring. It can also make you feel anxious and stressed.

Disponível em:https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-andtreatments/scratching-feels-good Acessado 23/09/2023.

When it itches:

Answer the question based on the text below.

 

How Wastewater Testing Can help Tackle Americas’s Opioid Crisis

Wastewater can be a rich source of information about infectious diseases, like COVID-19, as well as flu, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mpox and polio, since pathogens like viruses are shed in feces, urine and saliva, all of which is drained into sewage treatment plants. Sampling that water is a good way to screen for certain viruses, and, as more people bypass the medical system and labs in favor of testing themselves at home for things like COVID-19, health agencies like the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have less data from which they can monitor the ebb and flow of infections. Wastewater, however, could change that and is quickly becoming the most reliable way to track diseases.

Now that same system will not only screen for infectious disease agents but for opioids as well. Biobot, the first company to offer commercial wastewater surveillance, is launching a program in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) to track trends in opioid use in wastewater. In 2018, Biobot, based in Cambridge, Mass., began tracking opioids such as morphine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, codeine, heroin and fentanyl in a pilot program with several dozen cities. By highlighting areas where use of these drugs was higher, the city directed more resources to educating people about the dangers of overdose, as well as intervene with naloxone to reverse overdoses, which helped to reduce overdoses by 40% within a year.

Adaptado de: https://time.com/6315775/wastewater-testingopioids/ Acessado em 27 de setembro de 2023.

Additionally, wastewater should potentially be used to:

Leia o texto

 

If you want to know how the world is preparing for the next global pandemic, consider Rolaing, a Cambodian village on the Mekong River. For a few days in February 2023 this isolated spot became the center of public-health activity after an 11-year-old girl died of H5N1, the most virulent species of avian flu. It was Cambodia’s first fatality from the disease since 2014.

A rapid response team of health workers from the region was dispatched to the village. These health workers found a community of almost 2,000 people living side by side with their livestock and chickens. In just 24 hours they set up a temporary testing center, identified a dozen of the girl’s closest contacts, collected saliva and examined the samples for the pathogen.

The speed with which Cambodia, and other countries where novel viruses are known to emerge, can identify and react to future virus threats will determine how effectively the world can contain the next pandemic. There is a global community of experts constantly on high alert, even when threat levels subside. This time around, experts are focused on planning actions in case of any outbreak that puts human health at risk.

(Michelle Cortez and Suzi Ring. Bloomberg Businessweek, 08.05.2023. Adaptado.)

Leia a figura e compare-a ao conteúdo do terceiro parágrafo do texto.

(https://www.lshtm.ac.uk. Adaptado.)

 

A respeito da gripe aviária, tanto o terceiro parágrafo do texto quanto a figura mencionam

Read Passage 1 carefully, and then answer the question.

 

PASSAGE 1

 

[1] Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize the way we learn and teach, making it more
personalized, engaging, and efficient. AI in education refers to the use of artificial intelligence technologies, such
as machine learning and natural language processing, to enhance the learning experience. It involves the use of
algorithms that analyze data, identify patterns, and make predictions, enabling educators to personalize
[5] learning for each student. The potential benefits of using AI in education are significant. Personalized learning,
one of the most significant advantages of AI in education, can lead to better student outcomes, as students can
learn at their own pace and in a way that suits their learning style. Intelligent tutoring systems, chatbots, and
automated grading and assessment can increase efficiency, save teachers' time, and provide more accurate and
consistent feedback. However, there are also challenges associated with using AI in education. Privacy and
[10] security concerns, lack of trust, cost, and potential bias are some of the challenges that need to be addressed.
Ethical considerations such as ensuring accessibility, transparency, and fairness in AI-based education systems
also need to be taken into account. Despite these challenges, the potential of AI in education is immense. AI can
provide better data analysis, enabling educators to make data-driven decisions. In this review we described the
role of AI in management and promotion of education, which describes the effect of AI in the education sector.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369545925_Role_of_AI_in_Education

In the text, the reader can find information about AI in education.

 

This information is presented in the sequence below