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Global literacy today

 

     Of the world population older than 15 years, the majority are literate, that is to say, can read and write.

    This map shows how literacy rates vary around the world. In many countries, more than 95% have basic literacy skills. Literacy skills of the majority of the population are a modern achievement. Globally, however, large inequalities continue. In some countries in sub-Saharan Africa, less than 1-in-3 adults (aged over 15 years) are able to both read and write.

 

Literacy rate, 2022
The share of adults aged 15 and older who can both read and write.

 

Data source: World Bank (2023); Various sources (2018) Note: Specific definitions and measurement methodologies vary across countries and time. Our WorldinData.org/literacy | CC BY

 

Historical change in literacy

 

    While the earliest forms of written communication date back to about 3,500–3,000 before the Christian era, for centuries literacy remained a very restricted technology closely associated with the exercise of power. It was only during the Middle Ages that book production started growing, and literacy among the general population slowly started becoming important in the Western World. However, it took centuries for universal literacy to happen. It was only in the 19^th and 20^th centuries that rates of literacy approached universality in early-industrialized countries.

(Max Roser e Esteban Ortiz-Ospina, 03.2023. https://ourworldindata.org/ literacy. Acesso em 14.09.2024. Adaptado.)

A comparação entre o texto e o mapa permite afirmar que

(https://hcldr.wordpress.com/. Acesso em 28.08.2024)

 

The main purpose of the ad is to

Mercy, Mercy me

 

Things ain’t what they used to be, no no
Oil wasted on the ocean and upon our seas
Fish full of mercury

 

Oh, mercy, mercy me
Ah, things ain’t what they used to be, no, no, no
Radiation underground and in the sky
Animals and birds who live nearby are dying

(Marvin Gaye. https://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/. Acesso em: 02.08.2024)

 

(https://x.com/InsideNatGeo/. Acesso em: 03.08.2024)

 

Há uma relação de concordância entre a mensagem no trecho da música de Marvin Gaye e a citação da pesquisadora Jane Goodall, pois ambas

Text

Based on the text below, answer the question.

 

Digital habits across generations

 

    Today's grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media, but the different generations' online habits couldn't be more different. In the UK the over-55s are joining Facebook in increasing numbers, meaning that they will soon be the site's second bigger used group, with 3.5 million users aged 55-64 and 2.9 million over-65s.

    Shcila, aged 59, says, 'I joined to scc what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them. It's a much better way to see what they're doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post. That's how we did it when I was a child, but I think I'm lucky I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did.'

    Ironically, Sheila's grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves. Children unser 17 in the UK are leaving the site - only 2.2 million uses are under 17 - but they're not going far from their smartphones. Chloe, aged 15, even sleeps with her phone. 'It's my alarm clock so I have to,' she says. 'I look at it before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up.'

    Unlike her grandmother's generation, Chloe's age group is spending so much time on their phones at home that they are missing out on spending time with their friends in real life. Sheila, on the other hand, has made contact with old friends from school she hasn't heard from in forty years. 'We use Facebook to arrange to meet all over the country,' she says. 'It's changed my social life completely.'

    Teenagers might have their parents to thank for their smartphone and social media addiction as their parents were the early adopters of the smartphone.

    Peter, aged 38 and father of two tccnagers, reports that he used to be on his phone or laptop constantly.'I was always connected and I felt like I was always working,' he says. 'How could I tell my kids to get off their phones if I was always in front of a screen myself?' So, in the evenings and at weekends, he takes his SIM card out of his smartphone and puts it into an old-style mobile phone that can only make calls and send text messages. 'I'm not completely cut off from the world in case of emergencies, but the important thing is I'm setting a better example to my kids and spending more quality time with them.'Is it only a matter of time until the generation above and below Peter catches up with the new trend for a less digital life?

(Adapted from: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/skills/reading/b1- reading/digital-habits-across-generations).

"[...] Peter catches up with the new trend for a less digital life [...]".

 

What other expression could replace it

Which sentences are grammatically correct?

 

I- They are an European couple.
II- I'm studying at a university close to home.
III- Diego lives in 234 Chicago Avenue.
IV- I was born on August 10.
V- Smiths are coming for lunch today.

Text

Based on the text below, answer the question.

 

Europe's hottest winter

 

    This January, temperatures across Europe reached an all-time high. Many nations are suffering from a warmer winter. For example, in Bosnia, the exceptionally warm weather prompted tourism authorities to consider a declaration of a natural emergency. In Switzerland, Alpine slopes lack the blanket of snow needed to ski. In Macedonia, low snow has kept away thousands of tourists from ski resorts. In Bilbao, Spain, the temperature reached 25.1 degrees Celsius, which was 10 degrees more than average for this time of year. According to scientists, extreme weather events are more frequent, more intense, and last longer because of human-induced climate change. Experts forecast the above-normal temperatures to last until mid-January.

(Adapted from: https://www.newsinlevels.com/products/europes-hottestwinter-level-3/)

In the fragment of the text: "In Macedonia, low snow has kept away thousands of tourists from ski resort", the phrasal verb in bold has the same meaning, EXCEPT in