Questões de Inglês

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Killing two birds with one stone

 

    This post will cover some common ways of talking about doing things successfully. Informally, it is very common to say that we “get something done”. When something is completed successfully and often more easily than you expected, you might exclaim, “Job done!” More formally, we can say we “achieve” or “accomplish” something, especially when it takes a lot of effort. In informal English, when people achieved something extremely well, we can say they “smashed it”. If someone succeeded easily in something difficult, such as an exam, the person “sailed through” it.

    Finally, if you are lucky enough to achieve two things with the same action, you could use the expression “kill two birds with one stone”. I hope this post has fulfilled its aim and that you have managed to learn some new words to help you sail through your exams!

(Liz Walter. https://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org. Acesso em 03.07.2025. Adaptado)

No texto, a expressão que é usada para dizer que uma tarefa difícil foi realizada com facilidade é

    The new science of optimism and longevity

 

Being optimistic or pessimistic is not just a psychological trait or interesting topic of conversation; it’s biologically relevant. Indeed, there is mounting evidence that optimism may serve as a powerful tool for preventing disease and promoting healthy aging.

People with an optimistic mindset are associated with various positive health indicators, particularly cardiovascular, but also pulmonary, metabolic, and immunologic. They have a lower incidence of age‑related illnesses and reduced mortality levels. Optimism and pessimism are not arbitrary and elusive labels. On the contrary, they are mindsets that can be scientifically measured, placing an individual’s attitude on a spectrum ranging from optimistic to pessimistic. Framing the baseline of each subject in this way, researchers are able to verify the correlation between optimism level and relative health conditions.

Available at: https://bigthink.com/neuropsych/optimism-and-longevity/. Accessed on: July 30, 2024.

What does the sentence “Indeed, there is mounting evidence that optimism may serve as a powerful tool for preventing disease and promoting healthy aging” suggest?

Responda às questão com base no texto a seguir:

 

I was in my mid-20s when I fell into one of the most toxic relationships of my life. I remember buying my first self-help book, which promised I could be healed of anything if only I banished my limiting beliefs. I devoured it in days and even though I was still the same depressed and broke I had been when I picked up the book, that didn’t matter. I was hooked. Over the next 15 years, I bought hundreds of self-help books, courses and apps, and tracked down every self-styled personal improvement guru on TikTok and YouTube in the hope that they could teach me how to become happier, more confident and more lovable. I internalized messages, such as: “Stop being a victim to take back your power.” “Start thinking you are slim and healthy even though you probably need to lose a few pounds and have a chronic health condition.” But still, nothing worked. Some approaches were gentle and perhaps even obvious: “talk kindly to yourself, get enough sleep”. Others bordered on dangerous, whether it was encouraging me to spend more money than I could afford in order to “manifest” wealth or telling me to ignore my health problems to feel healthy. Only I never realized the danger at the time. Growing up in an environment of addiction and domestic conflict made me vulnerable to the industry’s promises of self-improvement. My childhood experiences made it hard for me to know my place and value in the world or find my people. I believed self-help authors could be the mentors I thought I had always needed but never found. My dependency took a particularly strong hold after the death of my father in 2022. I managed to spend such an enormous amount of time reading about how to grieve well and overcome trauma that I was not, ironically, doing the things I needed to do to actually feel better: sitting with my feelings, allowing myself to cry and processing the loss. Still, the obsession persisted, and the start of this year was no different to every other. I stocked up on content that promised to help me tackle my every issue, from overcoming anxiety and escaping my overdraft to changing my diet to rid myself of my multiple sclerosis. This would be my year, I thought. But even though I was following the guidance, nothing was helping me to feel better about myself and my brain scans still showed I was living with an incurable neurological disease. I couldn’t help but feel that not getting results was my own personal failing, rather than the industry’s with all its promises. My obsession with self-help had become toxic. It started to dawn on me that instead of helping me, the advice was making me feel worse. It took a deep conversation with a loved one to recognize that in trying to change my life, I was trying to change things that had happened to me and shaped who I was – often things that were out of my control. Instead of focusing on who I wanted to become, I had to quit self-help to learn and accept who I really was. Spending time alone, often walking, and listening to my thoughts without trying to silence or change them helped. I let myself cry rather than hold in the tears like I always used to do. Since I quit my self-help crutch, I’ve realized that focusing all your energy on improving yourself can really suck the joy out of life. It makes happiness conditional: only when I have got to a certain stage can I feel contentment; only when I look that way can I be loved. It can also stop you from unconditionally accepting your imperfectly perfect self. After a long time, I am finally coming round to the idea that perhaps I never needed fixing at all.

Adaptado de: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/jul/01/selfhelp-toxic-books-courses-apps Acessado em: 14.07.2024.

O assunto principal do texto se refere:

        Impact of Climate Change on Firefighting Extends Beyond Wildfires

 

    Global warming is often mentioned as a factor in the accelerating frequency and intensity of wildfires. However, there are other consequences of global warming that impact the fire service, including new hazards and medical emergencies, emerging training challenges, population migration, and technology developments.

    Climate change is often discussed as a future event. However, the impact of wildfires is just the most obvious example of how climate change is already impacting the world, and fire and emergency personnel will be called on to mitigate the effects.

    The most obvious and extreme impact of global warming can be seen in the increase of frequency and intensity of wildfires. Hotter and drier weather is extending the wildfire season (maybe to become year-round?). Higher temperatures, low humidity, less rainfall, and high wind increase the likelihood of wildfires.

Adapted from: https://www.thebigredguide.com/insights/impact-climate-changefirefighting-extends-wildfires-editor-s-dispatch.1645685564.html

Based on Text I, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).

 

I. The effects of climate change exclude wildfires.
II. Global warming is not a current problem.
III. The number of wildfires has been on the rise.
 

The statements are, respectively,

Text

Based on the text below, answer the question.

 

Ships and seamanship

By Jan Bill

 

    Although shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age Scandinavia were not fundamentally different from those in other parts of northern Europe, archaeological evidence shows that Viking ships were lighter, slimmer, faster, and thus probably better sailers than the heavier vessels used by the English and, presumably, the Franks at that time.

    There are two main reasons for these differences. The first is geographical. In Scandinavia waterways and access to the sea were more important factors in determining the location of settlements than they were in other parts of northern Europe. In Norway and Sweden most people lived near the coast or around large lakes, while the forests and mountains were very sparsely settled. Inland waterways were not only sheltered; they were also routes to the sea. No part of Viking-Age Denmark was far from the sea; it was virtually an archipelago, joined to the Continent by a narrow strip of land, and separated from the interior of the great Scandinavian peninsula by a deep barrier of forest. These natural features also meant that the authority of many rulers in Viking-Age Scandinavia, unlike that of their contemporaries in Europe, to a large extent depended on ships and control of the sea. The extensive empire that Danish kings ruled at the end of the eighth century was to a significant degree based on naval power.

    The second reason is historical. Scandinavia was sufficiently remote from the Romans and, later, the Franks for its political and religious life to flourish relatively unaffected by the transformations that occurred in other parts of Europe in the first millennium AD. One feature that survived was the central role of the ship as both a religious and secular symbol, a role that is illustrated by the fact that Bronze-Age stone ship-settings and metal representations of ships were already well developed over a thousand years before Christ. The symbolic significance of ships naturally led to refinements in their construction: a fine ship conferred prestige on its owner. In the clash between Christian and Nordic culture that occurred in the Viking Age, ship burials were more frequent than they had previously been, implying that ships had acquired even greater significance as a religious symbol, at least among the pagans who resisted the advance of the new religion.

    The symbolic and practical importance of ships in early Scandinavian society resulted in such improvements in ship design that Scandinavians were well equipped in comparison with other north Europeans. The contrast was all the greater because in many parts of Europe one of the main functions of ships had long been to carry cargoes, a purpose for which speed and elegance were not highly prized qualities. On the Atlantic and the North Sea Viking ships met the same challenges as the ships of the English, Frisians, and Franks, but they did so for different reasons.

(From: The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings.)

Choose the correct option according to the text:

Choose the grammatically correct option.