Questões de Inglês

    Read the vintage advertisement carefully. It features an image of a yellow bag of potato chips with blue details and potato designs, promoting Nalley's Red Seal potato chips in a new, colorful package. The ad uses positive words to convince the reader that the product is fun, fresh, and delicious. Imagine you are analyzing this newspaper ad for an English class.

Disponível em: https://englishinamerica.wordpress.com/tag/ad/. Acesso em: 05 nov. de 2025.

 

According to the advertisement and logical inference, which sentence correctly describes the product?

O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

 

Climate crisis means super-strength Hurricane Melissa is 'dangerous new reality'

 

Winds of Melissa's strength are now five times more frequent due to the climate crisis, research says

 

Every aspect of Hurricane Melissa, the most powerful storm ever to hit Jamaica, was worsened by the climate crisis, a team of scientists has found.

Melissa caused widespread devastation when it crunched into Jamaica as a category five hurricane on October 28, with winds up up to 185mph.

Winds of Melissa's strength are now five times more frequent due to the climate crisis, the research said

The storm wiped out homes, businesses, crops and livelihoods, causing damage estimated to be equivalent to around a third of the island nation's GDP.

The hurricane displaced hundreds of thousands of people as it continued on to hit Cuba, with its ferocious winds causing damage as far as the Dominican Republic and Haiti. At least 61 people have died as a result. The savage strength of Melissa was exacerbated by the overheated air and ocean, caused by the heat-trapping emissions that come from the burning of fossil fuels, an international team of scientists has determined.

Climate change increased Melissa's maximum wind speeds by 7% and extreme rainfall by 16%, the team at World Weather Attribution, a consortium of 20 researchers from the US, UK, Sweden, Dominican Republic, Netherlands, Jamaica and Cuba, found.

Events such as the five days of pounding rainfall in Jamaica from Melissa are now about 30% more intense and twice as likely due to today's altered climate, which is about 1.3C hotter, globally, than the pre-industrial average, the analysis found. Global heating has made the atmospheric and marine conditions behind such extreme events six times more likely.

Melissa is just the latest example of a major storm suddenly picking up strength with unusual speed. This "rapid intensification" was particularly pronounced with this hurricane, with Melissa's wind speeds shooting up from 68mph to 139mph in just one day. This process is a hallmark of a warming climate, scientists have found, with storms able to feed upon heat in the ocean and atmosphere to become more fierce. Melissa crawled slowly over seas that were nearly 1.5C hotter than the long-term norm, gaining a brutal strength it then unleashed upon Jamacia.

The huge task of cleaning up and rebuilding from a storm that caused around $6bn in damages to Jamaica has again highlighted the vexed question of international climate finance. For years, developing, climate-vulnerable countries have urged richer nations to contribute funds to help them with the heatwaves, storms and droughts that these less wealthy places have done little to cause.

Adaptado de: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/nov/06/hurricane-melissa-stor m-strength-climate-crisis. Acessado em 06 nov. de 2025.

The text states that "Every aspect of Hurricane Melissa (...) was worsened by the climate crisis", emphasizes that such storms are now "five times more frequent", and presents data from international research teams to support this claim.

 

Taking these persuasive elements into account, which statement best reflects the author's main persuasive intention, especially in shaping public opinion about climate responsibility and the urgent need for global action?

Social networks have become part of everyday life and have been expanding recurrently, taking up more and more space in everyday life. As a result, it becomes worrying when the frequency starts to exceed and take more than the recommended time. Imperceptibly, the hours in front of digital devices are more recurrent, which causes a social life that is increasingly distant from reality and such exposure can lead to damage, whether physical or psychological. In addition to the above, there is a great influence on self-esteem and selfimage, which ends up creating space for triggers and questions about lifestyle and body image, imposed by the media and reinforced daily in the social environment. Due to the exacerbated use of technology, this issue is relevant and nowadays access has become even easier; all you need is to be logged in to the internet and have a cell phone in hand, with just a few clicks we have access to any and all information, from all over the world. Therefore, the concern with the mental health of users arises when there is the indiscriminate use of such technology, in view of the damage that disorderly exposure to the internet entails in their lives. Through a bibliographical review of works from the last 10 years, the article was constructed with the purpose of addressing the impacts of social networks on the self-esteem and self-image of users and demonstrating the contributions of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), with tools and techniques in coping with the excessive use and dependence on social networks, restoring autonomy and self-esteem to these people.

 

Keywords: Social networks. Mental health. Selfesteem. Self-image.

SANTOS; RODRIGUES. Impacts of social networks in relation to self-esteem and self-image. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação. São Paulo, v. 9, n. 3. mar. 2023. Disponível em: https://periodicorease.pro.br/ rease/article/view/8724/3482. Acesso em: 13 out. 2025)

Leia a frase: “Therefore, the concern with the mental health of users arises when there is the indiscriminate use of such technology, in view of the damage that disorderly exposure to the internet entails in their lives”.

 

Quais são as classes gramaticais das palavras em destaque, respectivamente?

Social networks have become part of everyday life and have been expanding recurrently, taking up more and more space in everyday life. As a result, it becomes worrying when the frequency starts to exceed and take more than the recommended time. Imperceptibly, the hours in front of digital devices are more recurrent, which causes a social life that is increasingly distant from reality and such exposure can lead to damage, whether physical or psychological. In addition to the above, there is a great influence on self-esteem and selfimage, which ends up creating space for triggers and questions about lifestyle and body image, imposed by the media and reinforced daily in the social environment. Due to the exacerbated use of technology, this issue is relevant and nowadays access has become even easier; all you need is to be logged in to the internet and have a cell phone in hand, with just a few clicks we have access to any and all information, from all over the world. Therefore, the concern with the mental health of users arises when there is the indiscriminate use of such technology, in view of the damage that disorderly exposure to the internet entails in their lives. Through a bibliographical review of works from the last 10 years, the article was constructed with the purpose of addressing the impacts of social networks on the self-esteem and self-image of users and demonstrating the contributions of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), with tools and techniques in coping with the excessive use and dependence on social networks, restoring autonomy and self-esteem to these people.

 

Keywords: Social networks. Mental health. Selfesteem. Self-image.

SANTOS; RODRIGUES. Impacts of social networks in relation to self-esteem and self-image. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação. São Paulo, v. 9, n. 3. mar. 2023. Disponível em: https://periodicorease.pro.br/ rease/article/view/8724/3482. Acesso em: 13 out. 2025)

Assinale a alternativa que indica corretamente o tempo verbal utilizado na seguinte oração:

 

“Social networks have become part of everyday life”.

    What is fatal familial insomnia?

 

In the mid‑1980s, a family with a mysterious problem lived in a small town in Italy. For many years, members of this family had trouble sleeping, but no one knew why. One day, a family member named Silvano decided to find out what was causing this strange problem. Silvano traveled to the city of Bologna to meet with the best sleep doctors. He told them all about his family’s mystery.

The doctors were intrigued by Silvano’s story and immediately began to study his case. After much research, the doctors discovered something never seen before: a tiny change in a special gene passed down from generation to generation in Silvano’s family, which stopped them from sleeping. They called this disease fatal familial insomnia (FFI).

Fatal familial insomnia is an extremely rare disease. Like many other rare diseases, FFI is passed on through the DNA from parents to their children. The symptoms of FFI start slowly and get worse over time. People with FFI start to have difficulty falling and / or staying asleep, and then, as it gets worse, they may suddenly fall asleep without warning. People with FFI also tend to develop other problems like a fast heartbeat; high blood pressure; hormonal, mood and behavior swings; anxiety; excessive sweating; and trouble thinking clearly and moving their bodies. The symptoms usually start between the ages of 51 and 60, although rarely they can start as early as 18 – 20 years old. FFI affects both men and women equally. To date, more than 70 families around the world have been found to have FFI.

[...]

Although there is still no cure for FFI, research is happening all over the world. Researchers are working to find new pieces to help them solve the complex puzzle of FFI and to develop treatments that can improve the lives of those affected. Ongoing research aims to understand the underlying mechanisms of FFI, especially how genetic mutations change healthy prion proteins into abnormal ones and how the buildup of abnormal prions in the brain causes FFI symptoms. This understanding is essential for developing effective therapies.

Additionally, researchers are searching for biomarkers of FFI. Biomarkers are things that can be measured through blood tests or brain scans, for example, that indicate the presence of a disease or the risk of developing it. Biomarkers could help doctors to diagnose FFI earlier and to track how it changes over time.

In terms of developing therapies for FFI, gene therapy is a promising approach that aims to fix or replace defective genes. Gene therapy could eventually improve patients’ quality of life. Researchers are also studying drugs that might stop or slow down the buildup of PrPSc in the brain. New drugs are first tested on animals to see if they work and are safe, and drugs that pass these initial tests are then tested on people. With effective new medicines, it might be possible to slow down or even stop FFI.

Available at: https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ frym.2025.1523273. Accessed on: Aug 4th, 2025. [Adapted]

According to the text, what is the main goal of the current research on FFI?

Responda à questão com base no texto de Caroline Hopkins Legaspi, a Times reporter focusing on nutrition and sleep:

 

This App Is Trying to Change How Americans Eat

    Yuka, which Kennedy has called “invaluable,” assigns health scores to food. But can it actually help people make better choices? Cheez-Its used to be one of Marissa Gradei’s go-to snacks, in part because she thought of them as “healthier” alternatives to other savory nibbles like potato chips. That changed three months ago, when Ms. Gradei, 27, a social media manager in Fairfax, Va., started using a smartphone app called Yuka. The app prompts users to scan the bar codes of food and personal care items – in grocery stores and at home – and then offers a score out of 100 to indicate how “healthy” it thinks the item is for you or the environment. Ms. Gradei’s trusty snacks scored a two out of 100 – “bad” for health, according to the app. She hasn’t purchased any since. After the Yuka app launched in the United States in 2022, more than 20 million people have downloaded it – a figure that has more than doubled since January 2024. In a recent interview with CNN, Robert F. Kennedy Jr., the U.S. health secretary, said that he and his wife “consider it invaluable. You can go into any grocery store, flash it at any product, and you can get a ‘go’ or a ‘no,’” he said. But can the Yuka app accurately portray how good a given food is for your health? And should you rely on an app to guide your food choices in the first place? We asked four nutrition experts The Yuka app originally launched in France in 2017 as a tool to help people quickly understand the healthfulness of certain food and personal care products. It expanded to the United States in 2022. After scanning a product’s bar code, the app assigns the product a health value out of 100 – with 100 being the best – and a corresponding color score of excellent (dark green), good (light green), poor (orange) or bad (red).To generate these scores for certain foods, the app uses an algorithm based on three criteria: the food’s nutritional quality (60 percent of the score), the presence of additives and whether the app deems the additives risky (30 percent), and whether the food is organic (10 percent). Yuka uses a European labeling system called Nutri-Score to assess a food’s nutritional quality. High protein and high fiber is good, for example, high amounts of sugar, sodium, saturated fats and calories are bad. The company has two full-time employees — one with a toxicology background and one with a food engineering and human nutrition background — who sort through the scientific research on about 600 food dyes, preservatives, thickening agents, artificial sweeteners and other food additives. They classify them as “high risk,” “moderate risk,” “limited risk” or “risk-free” based on their potential links to health conditions like cancer, heart disease, A.D.H.D. and infertility. The app is free, though it offers a premium version for between $10 and $50 per year, said Julie Chapon, one of Yuka’s co-founders. The premium version includes extra features like the ability to use the app when your phone is offline. The company does not promote the app through paid advertisements, or take money from food and cosmetics industries, said Ms. Chapon, who has a marketing and consulting background. Mr. Kennedy’s endorsement has most likely helped with awareness, she said, but the app isn’t affiliated with the Make America Healthy Again, or MAHA, movemenThe app has hit on a real hunger for more clear-cut nutrition information, said Dr. Dariush Mozaffarian, director of the Food Is Medicine Institute at Tufts University. “The public is really confused about what defines a healthy food,” he said. And it can be valuable for people to use their smartphones to help them make better food choices,” said Lisa Harnack, a professor of public health nutrition at the University of Minnesota. Anyone can flip over a product and read its nutrition label, she said, but for the average person, it can be burdensome to try to parse the healthfulness of dozens of foods at a time. Scanning a product and glancing at its ranking and color score is much simpler. That said, some experts worry that labeling food as either “good” or “bad” can lead to disordered eating. “I don’t like that,” Elaine Siu, a dietitian at the City of Hope cancer center in Duarte, Calif., said of the labeling system. Instead, she said, people should focus on following a balanced diet overall. This typically involves eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean sources of protein and healthy fats. And keep in mind that your nutritional needs will vary depending on your health and activity levels, she said, which the Yuka app can’t account for Ms. Siu, for instance, advises cancer patients on how to eat. Many are undernourished and could benefit from consuming more calories. But the Yuka app deducts points for high-calorie foods. Several of Ms. Siu’s patients have refused to drink the nutrition shakes or eat the protein bars she has recommended, she said, because the Yuka app has scored them poorly. The Nutri-Score system Yuka uses to assess a food’s nutritional quality is an “OK” system, Dr. Mozaffarian said. He said he doesn’t agree with the idea of penalizing foods for calories, since many high-calorie foods can be nutritious. The app labels many nuts and nut butters, for instance, as “too caloric.” And, Dr. Mozaffarian said, it’s problematic that Yuka doesn’t distinguish between natural sugars and added sugars. Because there’s still a lot we don’t know about how food additives affect us, Dr. Mozaffarian said, it’s “a little excessive” to devote 30 percent of the score to their presence. Much of the research Yuka uses to assess the risk level of additives are either observational studies – which can’t demonstrate cause and effect – or are animal studies that use much higher doses of those additives than what you’d find in food. Animal study results also don’t always translate to humans. But you don’t necessarily need an RRapp to help you do that. And whole foods typically don’t have bar codes you can scan anyway.

“Ideally, the app would include foods that don’t come in packages,” Dr. Harnack said. “If these types of foods are missing, it might be easy to overlook some of the best choices in the supermarket.”

Fonte: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/03/well/eat/yuka-nutrition-appmaha-benefits.html Acessado em: 08.08.2025.

No texto, a dietista Elaine Siu emite várias opiniões sobre o aplicativo YUKA.

 

Assinale a alternativa que NÃO corresponde ao que foi dito por ela no texto: