Questões de Inglês

 

[5] The scientists will examine the faeces of

cattle, pigs, deer and more unusual types of

animal like the capybara, the world's largest

rodent. The database has been designed to

[10] help farmers in Brazil manage their land in

a more sustainable and efficient way. The

project aims to lessen the impact of

intensive cattle grazing on the Pantanal

region in Brazil. The researchers said that

[15] by evaluating the botanical composition of

faeces from wild and domestic herbivores,

they are able to identify the preferred plant

grazing materials, foraging strategies and

nutritional requirements of the animals. This

[20] information is then used to recommend and

help landowners adopt land management

strategies that will benefit both cattle and

wildlife, as well as improve their profitability.

Speaking on a visit to Edinburgh to share

[25] the latest findings with his colleagues, Dr

Arnaud Desbiez, researcher for the Royal

Zoological Society's Pantanal Conservation

Initiative, based in Brazil, said: "The

Pantanal region is a unique ecosystem with

[30] areas of forest, wetland and savannah and

is recognised by several international

conservation protection designations.

"Ninety-five percent of the area is owned by

private landowners and we must work with

[35] them in order to safeguard this amazing

place. "Until recently, it was a pristine

environment benefiting from large scale

ranches, low human density and little active

management. "But now as intensive

[40] farming practices overtake traditional

methods, this ecosystem is increasingly

threatened. "The Pantanal Conservation

Initiative Project, a critical part of which is

analyzing and identifying plants deposited

[45] within faecal matter, has helped us to

provide practical tools to farmers to choose

better ways to manage and use the land".

As the world's largest wetland of any kind,

the Pantanal is regularly flooded and is

[50] characterized by an astonishing diversity of

wildlife, with thousands of fascinating

species present, many of which are

endangered. More than 200 plant species

have now been identified, photographed

[55] and characterised as part of the research.

Fonte:

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/edinburgh_and_east/8639 283.stm (acessado e adaptado em 22/04/10)

Considere as afirmações abaixo.
 
I. Cientistas irão examinar as fezes de animais domésticos e selvagens que vivem no Pantanal.
II. O banco de dados, com os resultados da investigação, poderá ajudar os fazendeiros no gerenciamento de suas terras para tornar o m² ainda mais caro.
III. A pesquisa pode contribuir para que haja diminuição dos impactos da agropecuária na região do Pantanal.
IV. Mais de duas centenas de espécies de plantas já foram identificadas, fotografadas e caracterizadas como parte da investigação.
V. 95% da área do Pantanal são de propriedade de fazendeiros, e segundo o Dr. Arnaud Desbiez, é importante trabalhar para preservar os 15% da área que restam desse lugar incrível.
 
Assinale a alternativa correta.

Texto I

RIO DE JANEIRO IS IN FIGHT OVER BRAZIL’S OIL RICHES

 

[5] The lower house of Congress voted last

week to share the portion of the country’s

royalties from oil revenues that go to

Brazil’s states equally among the states.

[10] The vote, part of a broad overhaul of the

nation’s oil laws being undertaken in the

wake of big offshore discoveries over the

last three years, was a shocking blow to the

state government of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil’s

[15] biggest oil-producing region. If the bill

becomes law, it would deny the state of Rio

and other oil-producing states billions of

dollars in expected royalties. Rio’s annual

oil revenue would fall to about $134 million

[20] from about $4.3 billion, state officials said.

But Rio’s governor, Sérgio Cabral, is

fighting back, calling the vote in Congress a

“lynching” and contending that it was

unconstitutional. He said promised public

[25] works projects for the 2014 soccer World

Cup and the 2016 Olympics in Rio could be

imperiled by a sudden drop in revenues,

although the federal government has

pledged to back Rio’s Olympic effort. Mr.

[30] Cabral, an ally of President Luiz Inácio Lula

da Silva, organized a large march through

Rio’s streets on Wednesday afternoon to

protest the move by Congress. Despite a

persistent rain, tens of thousands of people,

[35] many of them state employees who had

been given the day off, showed up, with

many arriving on buses from all over the

state. “No one has the right to take away

that which nature has put within the limits of

[40] Rio de Janeiro,” Carlos Lupi, Rio’s labor

minister, said in a speech at the march and

rally. Faced with the world’s most important

oil discovery in years, Brazil’s government

is seeking to alter the country’s oil laws to

[45] centralize control over future oil revenues in

the federal government’s hands. The new

region, lying under about 20,000 feet of

water, salt and sand, is estimated to hold

more than five billion barrels of crude oil. If

[50] recovered, it could transform Brazil into a

global oil power.

While the bulk of the oil is not expected to

flow for at least four years, Mr. da Silva and

his allies in Congress are pushing to get a

[55] series of four oil-related laws passed before

Congress goes into recess in June or July.

The bills would seek to make the Brazilian

national oil company, Petrobras, the

operator of all future oil discoveries from the

[60] new region, known as the presalt region.

They would also include a mammoth

capitalization of Petrobras, a stock issuance

expected to be valued at more than $50

billion, said Christopher Garman, an analyst

[65] with the Eurasia Group, a risk consulting

firm in New York. With what could be

hundreds of billions of dollars at stake over

decades, the proposed bills have become

extremely contentious in Congress, where

[70] opposition politicians are seeking to stall a

full vote on the bills until after the

presidential election in October. “What Lula

wants to avoid is that this huge fight over

distribution of royalty taxes gets in the way

[75] of approving the proposal for oil reform,”

Mr. Garman said. “That is the risk for the

government.” The proposals on oil reform

and the issuance of stock in Petrobras

came under a cloud last week when two

[80] members of Congress from states that do

not produce oil, Ibsen Pinheiro and

Humberto Souto, proposed the idea of

equally distributing the portion of royalties

from oil revenues that go to states and

[85] municipalities. This would include both past

and future oil developments.

Fonte:http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/18/world/americas/18brazil (acessado e adaptado em 03/04/10)

O Pré-sal, como é conhecida a reserva de petróleo descoberta pela Petrobrás, é uma das mais importantes descobertas do mundo. Essa reserva encontra-se embaixo de:

Texto I

RIO DE JANEIRO IS IN FIGHT OVER BRAZIL’S OIL RICHES

 

[5] The lower house of Congress voted last

week to share the portion of the country’s

royalties from oil revenues that go to

Brazil’s states equally among the states.

[10] The vote, part of a broad overhaul of the

nation’s oil laws being undertaken in the

wake of big offshore discoveries over the

last three years, was a shocking blow to the

state government of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil’s

[15] biggest oil-producing region. If the bill

becomes law, it would deny the state of Rio

and other oil-producing states billions of

dollars in expected royalties. Rio’s annual

oil revenue would fall to about $134 million

[20] from about $4.3 billion, state officials said.

But Rio’s governor, Sérgio Cabral, is

fighting back, calling the vote in Congress a

“lynching” and contending that it was

unconstitutional. He said promised public

[25] works projects for the 2014 soccer World

Cup and the 2016 Olympics in Rio could be

imperiled by a sudden drop in revenues,

although the federal government has

pledged to back Rio’s Olympic effort. Mr.

[30] Cabral, an ally of President Luiz Inácio Lula

da Silva, organized a large march through

Rio’s streets on Wednesday afternoon to

protest the move by Congress. Despite a

persistent rain, tens of thousands of people,

[35] many of them state employees who had

been given the day off, showed up, with

many arriving on buses from all over the

state. “No one has the right to take away

that which nature has put within the limits of

[40] Rio de Janeiro,” Carlos Lupi, Rio’s labor

minister, said in a speech at the march and

rally. Faced with the world’s most important

oil discovery in years, Brazil’s government

is seeking to alter the country’s oil laws to

[45] centralize control over future oil revenues in

the federal government’s hands. The new

region, lying under about 20,000 feet of

water, salt and sand, is estimated to hold

more than five billion barrels of crude oil. If

[50] recovered, it could transform Brazil into a

global oil power.

While the bulk of the oil is not expected to

flow for at least four years, Mr. da Silva and

his allies in Congress are pushing to get a

[55] series of four oil-related laws passed before

Congress goes into recess in June or July.

The bills would seek to make the Brazilian

national oil company, Petrobras, the

operator of all future oil discoveries from the

[60] new region, known as the presalt region.

They would also include a mammoth

capitalization of Petrobras, a stock issuance

expected to be valued at more than $50

billion, said Christopher Garman, an analyst

[65] with the Eurasia Group, a risk consulting

firm in New York. With what could be

hundreds of billions of dollars at stake over

decades, the proposed bills have become

extremely contentious in Congress, where

[70] opposition politicians are seeking to stall a

full vote on the bills until after the

presidential election in October. “What Lula

wants to avoid is that this huge fight over

distribution of royalty taxes gets in the way

[75] of approving the proposal for oil reform,”

Mr. Garman said. “That is the risk for the

government.” The proposals on oil reform

and the issuance of stock in Petrobras

came under a cloud last week when two

[80] members of Congress from states that do

not produce oil, Ibsen Pinheiro and

Humberto Souto, proposed the idea of

equally distributing the portion of royalties

from oil revenues that go to states and

[85] municipalities. This would include both past

and future oil developments.

Fonte:http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/18/world/americas/18brazil (acessado e adaptado em 03/04/10)

Considere as afirmações abaixo.
 
I. Para Sérgio Cabral, a divisão dos royalties do petróleo entre os Estados brasileiros poderia comprometer a realização das obras necessárias para que o Rio de Janeiro realize a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e as Olimpíadas em 2016.
II. O presidente do Brasil, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, é um aliado político do governador do Rio de Janeiro.
III. A passeata para protestar contra a Lei foi realizada nas ruas da cidade do Rio, em uma terça-feira chuvosa.
IV. As milhares de pessoas presentes na passeata provocaram um grande congestionamento na cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
V. A Lei proposta por Ibsen Pinheiro e Humberto Souto tem efeito retroativo, ou seja, incidirá sobre os contratos firmados no passado.

Assinale a alternativa correta.

Texto I

RIO DE JANEIRO IS IN FIGHT OVER BRAZIL’S OIL RICHES

 

[5] The lower house of Congress voted last

week to share the portion of the country’s

royalties from oil revenues that go to

Brazil’s states equally among the states.

[10] The vote, part of a broad overhaul of the

nation’s oil laws being undertaken in the

wake of big offshore discoveries over the

last three years, was a shocking blow to the

state government of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil’s

[15] biggest oil-producing region. If the bill

becomes law, it would deny the state of Rio

and other oil-producing states billions of

dollars in expected royalties. Rio’s annual

oil revenue would fall to about $134 million

[20] from about $4.3 billion, state officials said.

But Rio’s governor, Sérgio Cabral, is

fighting back, calling the vote in Congress a

“lynching” and contending that it was

unconstitutional. He said promised public

[25] works projects for the 2014 soccer World

Cup and the 2016 Olympics in Rio could be

imperiled by a sudden drop in revenues,

although the federal government has

pledged to back Rio’s Olympic effort. Mr.

[30] Cabral, an ally of President Luiz Inácio Lula

da Silva, organized a large march through

Rio’s streets on Wednesday afternoon to

protest the move by Congress. Despite a

persistent rain, tens of thousands of people,

[35] many of them state employees who had

been given the day off, showed up, with

many arriving on buses from all over the

state. “No one has the right to take away

that which nature has put within the limits of

[40] Rio de Janeiro,” Carlos Lupi, Rio’s labor

minister, said in a speech at the march and

rally. Faced with the world’s most important

oil discovery in years, Brazil’s government

is seeking to alter the country’s oil laws to

[45] centralize control over future oil revenues in

the federal government’s hands. The new

region, lying under about 20,000 feet of

water, salt and sand, is estimated to hold

more than five billion barrels of crude oil. If

[50] recovered, it could transform Brazil into a

global oil power.

While the bulk of the oil is not expected to

flow for at least four years, Mr. da Silva and

his allies in Congress are pushing to get a

[55] series of four oil-related laws passed before

Congress goes into recess in June or July.

The bills would seek to make the Brazilian

national oil company, Petrobras, the

operator of all future oil discoveries from the

[60] new region, known as the presalt region.

They would also include a mammoth

capitalization of Petrobras, a stock issuance

expected to be valued at more than $50

billion, said Christopher Garman, an analyst

[65] with the Eurasia Group, a risk consulting

firm in New York. With what could be

hundreds of billions of dollars at stake over

decades, the proposed bills have become

extremely contentious in Congress, where

[70] opposition politicians are seeking to stall a

full vote on the bills until after the

presidential election in October. “What Lula

wants to avoid is that this huge fight over

distribution of royalty taxes gets in the way

[75] of approving the proposal for oil reform,”

Mr. Garman said. “That is the risk for the

government.” The proposals on oil reform

and the issuance of stock in Petrobras

came under a cloud last week when two

[80] members of Congress from states that do

not produce oil, Ibsen Pinheiro and

Humberto Souto, proposed the idea of

equally distributing the portion of royalties

from oil revenues that go to states and

[85] municipalities. This would include both past

and future oil developments.

Fonte:http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/18/world/americas/18brazil (acessado e adaptado em 03/04/10)

Sergio Cabral, governador do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, emprega a palavra lynching (ℓ 18), para dizer que a Lei:

Texto I

RIO DE JANEIRO IS IN FIGHT OVER BRAZIL’S OIL RICHES

 

[5] The lower house of Congress voted last

week to share the portion of the country’s

royalties from oil revenues that go to

Brazil’s states equally among the states.

[10] The vote, part of a broad overhaul of the

nation’s oil laws being undertaken in the

wake of big offshore discoveries over the

last three years, was a shocking blow to the

state government of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil’s

[15] biggest oil-producing region. If the bill

becomes law, it would deny the state of Rio

and other oil-producing states billions of

dollars in expected royalties. Rio’s annual

oil revenue would fall to about $134 million

[20] from about $4.3 billion, state officials said.

But Rio’s governor, Sérgio Cabral, is

fighting back, calling the vote in Congress a

“lynching” and contending that it was

unconstitutional. He said promised public

[25] works projects for the 2014 soccer World

Cup and the 2016 Olympics in Rio could be

imperiled by a sudden drop in revenues,

although the federal government has

pledged to back Rio’s Olympic effort. Mr.

[30] Cabral, an ally of President Luiz Inácio Lula

da Silva, organized a large march through

Rio’s streets on Wednesday afternoon to

protest the move by Congress. Despite a

persistent rain, tens of thousands of people,

[35] many of them state employees who had

been given the day off, showed up, with

many arriving on buses from all over the

state. “No one has the right to take away

that which nature has put within the limits of

[40] Rio de Janeiro,” Carlos Lupi, Rio’s labor

minister, said in a speech at the march and

rally. Faced with the world’s most important

oil discovery in years, Brazil’s government

is seeking to alter the country’s oil laws to

[45] centralize control over future oil revenues in

the federal government’s hands. The new

region, lying under about 20,000 feet of

water, salt and sand, is estimated to hold

more than five billion barrels of crude oil. If

[50] recovered, it could transform Brazil into a

global oil power.

While the bulk of the oil is not expected to

flow for at least four years, Mr. da Silva and

his allies in Congress are pushing to get a

[55] series of four oil-related laws passed before

Congress goes into recess in June or July.

The bills would seek to make the Brazilian

national oil company, Petrobras, the

operator of all future oil discoveries from the

[60] new region, known as the presalt region.

They would also include a mammoth

capitalization of Petrobras, a stock issuance

expected to be valued at more than $50

billion, said Christopher Garman, an analyst

[65] with the Eurasia Group, a risk consulting

firm in New York. With what could be

hundreds of billions of dollars at stake over

decades, the proposed bills have become

extremely contentious in Congress, where

[70] opposition politicians are seeking to stall a

full vote on the bills until after the

presidential election in October. “What Lula

wants to avoid is that this huge fight over

distribution of royalty taxes gets in the way

[75] of approving the proposal for oil reform,”

Mr. Garman said. “That is the risk for the

government.” The proposals on oil reform

and the issuance of stock in Petrobras

came under a cloud last week when two

[80] members of Congress from states that do

not produce oil, Ibsen Pinheiro and

Humberto Souto, proposed the idea of

equally distributing the portion of royalties

from oil revenues that go to states and

[85] municipalities. This would include both past

and future oil developments.

Fonte:http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/18/world/americas/18brazil (acessado e adaptado em 03/04/10)

O valor de 4,3 bilhões de dólares refere-se aos royalties do petróleo que:

Na charge acima, os porquinhos estão: