Questões de Inglês

UK scientific advisor says coronavirus unlikely to be eradicated

 

    The coronavirus will be around for “evermore” as it is unlikely it will be eradicated, a British scientist on the
government’s advisory committee for the pandemic said on Wednesday, although a vaccine would help
improve the situation.
    Britain, like other countries in Europe, is currently in the grip of a resurgence in COVID-19 infections, with
[5] much of the country under local restrictions and more than 21,000 daily cases reported on Tuesday.
    “We are going to have to live with this virus for evermore. There is very little chance that it’s going to
become eradicated,” John Edmunds, a member of Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), told
lawmakers.
    Although the coronavirus will be around indefinitely, Edmunds said that the prospect of a vaccine towards
[10] the end of the winter should impact the government’s strategy now.
    “If vaccines are just around the corner then, in my view, we should try and keep the incidence as low as
we can now, because we will be able to use vaccines in the not too distant future,” he said.
    He said the UK had played a “clever game” in investing in different coronavirus vaccines. Britain has signed
supply deals for six different COVID-19 vaccines, with 340 million doses secured across different types of
[15] technologies.
    “I think we will be in a reasonable position in months,” he said. “I don’t think we’re going to be vaccinating
everybody, but to start, maybe the highest risk people, healthcare workers and so on."

(Adaptado de: SMOUT, Alistair. UK scientific advisor says coronavirus unlikely to be eradicated. In: Reuters. Data de publicação: 21 out. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-britain-sage/uk-scientific-advisor-says-coronavirus-unlikely-to-be-eradicatedidUSKBN276174. Acesso em: 21 out. 2020).

Consider the sentence adapted from the text: “The prospect of vaccines towards the end of the winter should impact the government’s strategy, _____________________?” (lines 9-10)

 

Check the correct option, which presents the appropriate question tag.

Masterpieces rejected by art critics

Shoe, by Andy Warhol

    Despite severe criticism, famous artists continued
to move forward and pursue their art with the same
passion.
    Art is a struggle – for everyone. Not just because
5 - the creative process involves rigorous mental and
physical effort but also because it is a very difficult
career path to take. With thousands of struggling
creative professionals across the globe trying to
“make it”, pursuing art-making can become very
10 - discouraging. However, the trick is to keep moving
forward despite all the obstacles you face. And when
that becomes hard, it can help to go back and look to the masters for inspiration, artistic and
otherwise.
    Most masters, as we know them now, did not have it as easy as we think. They struggled too,
15 - and more likely than not, a lot more than any of us ever will need to. However, they managed to
look past the rejections and the criticism and focused on their art alone because they believed in
themselves. Here are some of the obstacles that a greatest artist faced in his lifetime to inspire you
to keep moving forward and make you realize that rejection is just a part of the struggle that evolves
you as an artist, not the end of it.
20 -     Andy Warhol was undoubtedly the most unapologetically controversial artist of his time. Critics
thrashed his works as “aesthetic frauds” and criticized him for reducing art to a “hands-off business”.
In 1956, Andy Warhol donated a work of his (Shoe) to the Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Soon after, Alfred H. Barr Jr., the Director of the Museum Collections at the time, wrote Warhol
a letter rejecting his (free gift!) work due to “limited gallery and storage space”. “We must turn
25 - down gifts offered since we feel it is not fair to accept as a gift a work which may be shown only
infrequently”, he explained.
    Today, the Museum of Modern Art has 168 of Warhol’s works in their private collection, including
the Shoe.
    We’ve all been there. The very moment you create something, you open yourself up to critique.
30 - Whether or not you ask for it, art criticism can be a hard pill to swallow. Training yourself to accept
and learn from your harshest critics is one of the most difficult – but most rewarding – skills to
develop as an artist. But if the masters could do it, so can you!

TANYA SINGH Adaptado de agora-gallery.com.

because they believed in themselves. (l. 16-17)

The underlined word introduces the reason for something to happen.

 

Another linker used for the same purpose is the one underlined in:

TEXT FOR QUESTION

 

Healthy Vision: Take care of your eyes!

 

    It’s important to take care of your eyes. Poor vision makes it harder to read, drive, and cook. The good news: Many eye problems and diseases can be treated if caught early. To make sure you keep seeing clearly, get a comprehensive dilated eye exam. An eye care professional will examine your eyes for signs of vision problems or eye diseases. It’s the best way to find out if you need glasses or contacts, or are in the early stages of a serious but treatable eye disease.

    You ___________ have a dilated eye exam regularly to check for common eye problems. If you haven’t had an exam for some time, schedule one this month. CDC’s Vision Health Initiative and the National Eye Institute are encouraging Americans to take care of their eyes to make sure they can see well throughout their lives.

    ______________ older adults tend to have more vision problems, preschoolers may not see as well as they should. Just 1 out of every 7 preschoolers receives an eye exam, and fewer than 1 out of every 4 receives some type of vision screening. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends vision screening for all children ages 3 to 5 years to find conditions such as amblyopia, or lazy eye that can be treated effectively if caught early.

(Disponível em https://www.cdc.gov/media/matte/2012/08- heathy-vision.pdf?cid=2012_08_ healthy_vision#:~:text=Taking%20care%20of%20your%20eyes, for%20falls%2C%20injury%20and%20depression. Acesso em 19 fev. 2021.)

De acordo com o texto:

Instrução: A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo.

 

The Terrible Old Man

by H. P. Lovecraft

 

[1]    It was the design of Angelo Ricci, Joe Czanek and Manuel Silva to call on the Terrible Old Man. This
old man dwells all alone in a very ancient house on Water Street near the sea, and is reputed to be both
exceedingly rich and exceedingly feeble; which forms a situation very attractive to men of the profession
of Ricci, Czanek, and Silva, for that profession was nothing less dignified than robbery

[5]    The inhabitants of Kingsport say and think many things about the Terrible Old Man which generally
keep him safe from the attention of gentlemen like Mr. Ricci and his colleagues, despite the almost certain
fact that he hides a fortune of indefinite magnitude somewhere about his musty and venerable abode. He
is, in truth, a very strange person, believed to have been a captain of East India clipper ships in his day; so
old that no one can remember when he was young, and so taciturn that few know his real name.
[10]    Among the gnarled trees in the front yard of his aged and neglected place he maintains a strange
collection of large stones, oddly grouped and painted so that they resemble the idols in some obscure
Eastern temple. This collection frightens away most of the small boys who love to taunt the Terrible Old
Man about his long white hair and beard, and to break the small-paned windows of his dwelling with
wicked missiles; but there are other things which frighten the older and more curious folks who sometimes
[15] steal up to the house to peer in through the dusty panes. These folks say that on a table in a bare room on
the ground floor are many peculiar bottles, in each a small piece of lead suspended pendulum-wise from
a string. And they say that the Terrible Old Man talks to these bottles, addressing them by such names as
Jack, Scar-Face, Long Tom, Spanish Joe, Peters, and Mate Ellis, and that whenever he speaks to a bottle
the little lead pendulum within makes certain definite vibrations as if in answer. Those who have watched
[20] the tall, lean, Terrible Old Man in these peculiar conversations, do not watch him again.
    However, Angelo Ricci, Joe Czanek and Manuel Silva were not afraid and saw in the Terrible Old
Man merely a tottering, almost helpless greybeard, who could not walk without the aid of his knotted
cane, and whose thin, weak hands shook pitifully. They were really quite sorry in their way for the lonely,
unpopular old fellow, whom everybody shunned, and at whom all the dogs barked singularly. But business
[25] is business, and to a robber whose soul is in his profession, there is a lure and a challenge about a very old
and very feeble man who has no account at the bank, and who pays for his few necessities at the village
store with Spanish gold and silver minted two centuries ago.
     Ricci, Czanek, and Silva selected the night of April 11th for their call. Mr. Ricci and Mr. Silva were to
interview the poor old gentleman, whilst Mr. Czanek waited for them and their presumable metallic burden
[30] with a car in Ship Street, by the gate in the tall rear wall of their host’s grounds. As prearranged, the three
adventurers started out separately in order to prevent any evil-minded suspicions afterward. Ricci and
Silva met in Water Street by the old man’s front gate, and although they did not like the way the moon
shone down upon the painted stones through the budding branches of the gnarled trees, they had more
important things to think about than mere superstition. They feared it might be unpleasant work making
[35] the Terrible Old Man loquacious concerning his hoarded gold and silver, for aged sea-captains are notably
stubborn and perverse. But Ricci and Silva were experienced in the art of making unwilling people voluble,
and the screams of a weak man can be easily muffled. So they moved up to the one lighted window and
heard the Terrible Old Man talking childishly to his bottles with pendulums. Then they put masks and
knocked politely at the weather-stained oaken door.
[40]    Waiting seemed very long to Mr. Czanek as he fidgeted restlessly in the covered car. He was more
than ordinarily tender-hearted, and he did not like the hideous screams he had heard in the ancient house
just after the hour appointed for the deed. He had told his colleagues to be as gentle as possible with
the pathetic old sea-captain. Very nervously he watched that narrow oaken gate in the high and ivy-clad
stone wall. Frequently he consulted his watch, and wondered at the delay. Had the old man died before
[45] revealing where his treasure was hidden, and had a thorough search become necessary? Mr. Czanek
did not like to wait so long in the dark in such a place. Then he sensed a soft tread or tapping on the walk
inside the gate, heard a gentle fumbling at the rusty latch, and saw the narrow, heavy door swing inward.
And in the pallid glow of the single dim street-lamp he strained his eyes to see what his colleagues had
brought out of that sinister house which loomed so close behind. But when he looked, he did not see what
[50] he had expected; for his colleagues were not there at all, but only the Terrible Old Man leaning quietly on
his knotted cane and smiling hideously. Mr. Czanek had never before noticed the color of that man’s eyes;
now he saw that they were yellow.
    Little things make considerable excitement in little towns, which is the reason that Kingsport people
talked all that spring and summer about the three unidentifiable bodies, horribly slashed and mangled as
[55] by the tread of many cruel boot-heels, which the tide washed in. And some people even spoke of things
as trivial as the deserted car found in Ship Street, or certain especially inhuman cries, probably of a stray
animal or migratory bird, heard in the night by wakeful citizens. But in this idle-village gossip the Terrible
Old Man took no interest at all. He was by nature reserved, and when one is aged and feeble one’s reserve
is doubly strong. Besides, so ancient a sea-captain must have witnessed scores of things much more
[60] stirring in the far-off days of his unremembered youth.

Disponível em: https://www.hplovecraft.com/writings/texts/fiction/tom.aspx. Acesso em: 22 fev. 2021. (Parcial e adaptado.)

Assinale a alternativa que melhor substitui o termo sublinhado no segmento However, Angelo Ricci, Joe Czanek and Manuel Silva were not afraid (linha 21).

Instrução: A questão refere-se ao texto abaixo.

 

Tasmania’s beautiful quarantine site

by Dr Tiana Templeman

 

[1]  When World War One broke out in 1914, the German crew of the SS Oberhausen were declared
“enemy aliens” and were caught by a band of 11 Australian naval reservists. Captain Johann Meir and his
sailors, who were getting timber in Port Huon in Tasmania at the time, could have topped up with fuel and
got out of port. Instead, they stayed, as it was safer than returning to Germany to fight. After piercing their
[5]   ship’s liquor casks and sharing the booze with their captors, all of them arrived in the capital, Hobart, rolling
drunk. The reservists had some explaining to do, while the Germans were eventually sent to an internment
camp at Bruny Island Quarantine Station. Conditions at the camp were reasonably good and Captain Meir
was reported as saying, “What better place to spend the war?”. He wasn’t the first, nor would he be the
last, to experience the freedom and isolation of Bruny Island.
[10]   The tiny island located off Tasmania’s south-east coast has played a significant role in Australia’s
history as its isolation made it the perfect location for quarantine. From 1884, passengers arriving in
Tasmania had to be disease-free before they were allowed into the general community. Instead of being
confined to a ship, they served out their isolation period and underwent health checks ashore at Bruny
Island Quarantine Station.
[15]   Prior to this, Europeans passing by as early as 1777, as vessels travelling around the Cape of Good
Hope in South Africa often used Adventure Bay on Bruny Island as a safe anchorage for replenishing
supplies such as water and wood. However, European occupation of the Quarantine Station site didn’t
occur until 1856, with the arrival of the Cox family.
Anthony Cox was transported from England to Hobart as a convict in 1833 for housebreaking. He was
[20]   granted a conditional pardon in May 1849 and married convict Jane Daly soon after. As an ex-convict “of
good conduct and disposition to industry”, he received a 19-acre parcel of land from the government on
the site that would become the Bruny Island Quarantine Station. Cox and his family cut firewood for a living
on land that was widely regarded as “very poor”, yet their home, Shellwood Cottage, was neatly fenced
and surrounded by flowers. Compared to the hardships of convict life, the freedom and serenity of Bruny
[25]   Island was akin to paradise.
The land was eventually sold, and the Bruny Island Quarantine Station was built in the mid-1800s to
avoid the spread of contagious diseases such as typhoid and smallpox that were prevalent at the time. The
opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 saw an increase in international travel, and thousands of immigrants
travelling to Australia on passenger ships to start a new life in the colonies were quarantined on Bruny
[30]   Island.
Three of the original buildings from this time remain and can be seen today. The cleansing room
provided pedestrian access to the isolation block and was enclosed by a 3m fence, which also surrounded
the Health Officer’s quarters and the hospital, observation wards, laundry and mortuary. The mortuary was
divided into two sections, with one half used for disinfection and fumigation of passengers; and the other
[35]   used as a morgue that fortunately saw little use over the years.
When Captain Johann Meir and his sailors arrived at the Quarantine Station in January 1915, it had
been set up as a German internment camp. The crew were put to work with other Germans cutting wood
and clearing land. There were around 70 internees in total and just 15 guards to patrol almost 2km of
shoreline and a long fence. The task of stopping them from escaping would have been impossible – had
[40]   the prisoners actually wanted to leave.
Perhaps it was because they proved to have such little interest in escaping that the prisoners were
given so much freedom. They often worked outside the Quarantine Station boundaries and constructed
their own buildings, including several camps well away from the main base. According to Kathy Duncombe,
researcher and committee member of the Friends of Bruny Island Quarantine Station, one of their biggest
[45]   challenges was boredom. “They spent their time chopping down trees, which were sold, but also because
it gave them something to do. Some of them made ships in bottles to pass the time.”
After the Germans were moved to Holsworthy Internment Camp in Sydney in 1915, things were quiet
at the Quarantine Station – but not for long. The end of World War One coincided with the beginning of
the Spanish influenza pandemic. Instead of coming home to victory parades and being reunited with
[50]   their families, Tasmanian soldiers returning from war spent seven days in quarantine at Bruny Island with
hundreds of other men. While they were initially disappointed with the delay in their return home, many later
realized it was the best thing that could have happened. They could get their land legs after many days at
sea and talk to others who had experienced the horrors of war. This was good for the men psychologically
as many didn’t want to burden their families. There was swimming, fishing, football, a movie tent, and a
[55]   boxing ring, which helped the soldiers release anger and frustration. Spirits were lifted by care packages

from the Red Cross Society containing luxuries such as cigarettes, books and fruit.
More about the Quarantine Station’s history continues to be discovered, like the German internee’s
diary a 90-year-old man who speaks the same German dialect is translating. There are 578 pages filled
with beautiful handwriting and photographs of things we had never seen before. History never stands still,
[60]   there is always more to be told.

Disponível em: http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200505-tasmanias-ruggedly-beautiful-quarantine-site. Acesso em: 6 maio 2019

Segundo o texto, é correto afirmar que a

Os sinônimos das palavras deeply, disturbing e prejudice expressas na imagem acima são, respectivamente: