Questões de Inglês

TEXTO:

Denmark’s fat tax

    Denmark has become the first country in the world

to introduce a tax on foods seen as being harmful to

health. There will be an extra charge on items that contain

more than 2.3% of a particular type of fat.

5    When you think of Denmark, you think of pastries,

butter and bacon. So perhaps a fat tax isn’t a bad idea,

a levy that will be added to any foods that are high in

saturated fat; milk, cheese and meat, for instance.

    Make it more expensive, reduce consumption,

10 improve health. Well, that is the theory. Some shops

have reported increased sales, people hoarding food to

beat the price rise. The Danish Food and Drink Federation

says some might just cross the border to do their

shopping.

15    There is certainly some skepticism. Scientists insist

that saturated fat is not the right target. Salt and sugar

cause more health problems. But one study claims close

to 4% of premature deaths in Denmark are caused by

people consuming too much saturated fat. So hit

20 shoppers in the pocket, not the waistband.

ALLMAN, Tim. Denmark’s fat tax. BBC News. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 8 dez. 2011. 

TEXTO:

Brazil’s time bomb

    President Dilma Rousseff is raising eyebrows with

her plans for Brazil. She is winning agreement even from

the political opposition for an agenda that includes

eradicating absolute poverty, trimming the national

5 budget, and safeguarding freedom of the press. But she

is also shocking everyone with what she plans to ignore:

the social-security time bomb.

    Brazil’s social-welfare system is an unrivaled mess.

Though Brazil has one of the world’s youngest

10 populations, it shells out the same share of its GDP (11

percent) as the grayest nations of Europe. Worse, it’s

aging faster than the rich countries ever did — twice as

fast as Europe in the last century. And the problem is

getting worse: federal, state, and local governments write

15 checks to private-sector pensioners worth more than 7

percent of GDP, up from 2.5 percent 30 years ago. With

the economy surging again, even the ballooning

social-security debt seems almost manageable. But to

unleash its full potential, Brazil has little choice but to

20 disarm the pension bomb. While Rousseff says she’s

got no such appetite, she well knows that the average

retirement age in Brazil is a tender 53 … and that France

was in flames because Parliament voted to raise the

retirement age from 60 to 62.

MARGOLIS, Mac. Brazil’s time bomb. Newsweek, Nov 29, 2010, p. 8. GDP: Gross Domestic Product 

TEXTO:

Brazil’s time bomb

    President Dilma Rousseff is raising eyebrows with

her plans for Brazil. She is winning agreement even from

the political opposition for an agenda that includes

eradicating absolute poverty, trimming the national

5 budget, and safeguarding freedom of the press. But she

is also shocking everyone with what she plans to ignore:

the social-security time bomb.

    Brazil’s social-welfare system is an unrivaled mess.

Though Brazil has one of the world’s youngest

10 populations, it shells out the same share of its GDP (11

percent) as the grayest nations of Europe. Worse, it’s

aging faster than the rich countries ever did — twice as

fast as Europe in the last century. And the problem is

getting worse: federal, state, and local governments write

15 checks to private-sector pensioners worth more than 7

percent of GDP, up from 2.5 percent 30 years ago. With

the economy surging again, even the ballooning

social-security debt seems almost manageable. But to

unleash its full potential, Brazil has little choice but to

20 disarm the pension bomb. While Rousseff says she’s

got no such appetite, she well knows that the average

retirement age in Brazil is a tender 53 … and that France

was in flames because Parliament voted to raise the

retirement age from 60 to 62.

MARGOLIS, Mac. Brazil’s time bomb. Newsweek, Nov 29, 2010, p. 8. GDP: Gross Domestic Product 

TEXTO:

Steve Jobs — early life and education

    Steven Paul “Steve” Jobs was

an American businessman and

visionary widely recognized (along

with his Apple business partner

5 Steve Wozniak) as a charismatic

pioneer of the personal computer

revolution. He was co-founder,

chairman, and chief executive officer

of Apple Inc.

10    Steve Jobs was born in San

Francisco in 1955, and adopted

at birth by Paul Reinhold Jobs

(1922–1993) and Clara Jobs (1924–1986). When asked

about his “adoptive parents,” Jobs replied emphatically

15 that Paul and Clara Jobs “were my parents 1,000%.”

Asked in a 1995 interview what he wanted to pass on to

his children, Jobs replied, “Just to try to be as good a

father to them as my father was to me. I think about that

every day of my life.”

20    Jobs told an interviewer, “I was very lucky. My father,

Paul, was a pretty remarkable man, a genius with his

hands.” When his son was five or six, Paul Jobs

sectioned a piece of his workbench and gave it to Jobs,

25 saying ‘Steve, this is your workbench now.’ And he gave

me some of his smaller tools and showed me how to

use a hammer and saw and how to build things. It really

was very good for me. He spent a lot of time with me...

teaching me how to build things, how to take things apart,

30 put things back together.” Jobs also noted that while his

father “did not have a deep understanding of electronics

[...] he’d encountered electronics a lot in automobiles

and other things he would fix. He showed me the

rudiments of electronics and I got very interested in that.”

35    Jobs went to elementary school and high school in

Cupertino, California. He attended after-school lectures

at the Hewlett-Packard Company in Palo Alto, California,

and was later hired there, working with Steve Wozniak

as a summer employee. Following high school graduation

40 in 1972, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland,

Oregon. Although he dropped out after only one

semester, he continued auditing classes at Reed, while

sleeping on the floor in friends’ rooms, returning Coke

bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at

45 the local Hare Krishna temple. Jobs later said, “If I had

never dropped in on that single calligraphy course in

college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces

or proportionally spaced fonts.”

STEVE Jobs — early life and education. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 8 dez. 2011. 

TEXTO:

Steve Jobs — early life and education

    Steven Paul “Steve” Jobs was

an American businessman and

visionary widely recognized (along

with his Apple business partner

5 Steve Wozniak) as a charismatic

pioneer of the personal computer

revolution. He was co-founder,

chairman, and chief executive officer

of Apple Inc.

10    Steve Jobs was born in San

Francisco in 1955, and adopted

at birth by Paul Reinhold Jobs

(1922–1993) and Clara Jobs (1924–1986). When asked

about his “adoptive parents,” Jobs replied emphatically

15 that Paul and Clara Jobs “were my parents 1,000%.”

Asked in a 1995 interview what he wanted to pass on to

his children, Jobs replied, “Just to try to be as good a

father to them as my father was to me. I think about that

every day of my life.”

20    Jobs told an interviewer, “I was very lucky. My father,

Paul, was a pretty remarkable man, a genius with his

hands.” When his son was five or six, Paul Jobs

sectioned a piece of his workbench and gave it to Jobs,

25 saying ‘Steve, this is your workbench now.’ And he gave

me some of his smaller tools and showed me how to

use a hammer and saw and how to build things. It really

was very good for me. He spent a lot of time with me...

teaching me how to build things, how to take things apart,

30 put things back together.” Jobs also noted that while his

father “did not have a deep understanding of electronics

[...] he’d encountered electronics a lot in automobiles

and other things he would fix. He showed me the

rudiments of electronics and I got very interested in that.”

35    Jobs went to elementary school and high school in

Cupertino, California. He attended after-school lectures

at the Hewlett-Packard Company in Palo Alto, California,

and was later hired there, working with Steve Wozniak

as a summer employee. Following high school graduation

40 in 1972, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland,

Oregon. Although he dropped out after only one

semester, he continued auditing classes at Reed, while

sleeping on the floor in friends’ rooms, returning Coke

bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at

45 the local Hare Krishna temple. Jobs later said, “If I had

never dropped in on that single calligraphy course in

college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces

or proportionally spaced fonts.”

STEVE Jobs — early life and education. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 8 dez. 2011. 

TEXTO:

Steve Jobs — early life and education

    Steven Paul “Steve” Jobs was

an American businessman and

visionary widely recognized (along

with his Apple business partner

5 Steve Wozniak) as a charismatic

pioneer of the personal computer

revolution. He was co-founder,

chairman, and chief executive officer

of Apple Inc.

10    Steve Jobs was born in San

Francisco in 1955, and adopted

at birth by Paul Reinhold Jobs

(1922–1993) and Clara Jobs (1924–1986). When asked

about his “adoptive parents,” Jobs replied emphatically

15 that Paul and Clara Jobs “were my parents 1,000%.”

Asked in a 1995 interview what he wanted to pass on to

his children, Jobs replied, “Just to try to be as good a

father to them as my father was to me. I think about that

every day of my life.”

20    Jobs told an interviewer, “I was very lucky. My father,

Paul, was a pretty remarkable man, a genius with his

hands.” When his son was five or six, Paul Jobs

sectioned a piece of his workbench and gave it to Jobs,

25 saying ‘Steve, this is your workbench now.’ And he gave

me some of his smaller tools and showed me how to

use a hammer and saw and how to build things. It really

was very good for me. He spent a lot of time with me...

teaching me how to build things, how to take things apart,

30 put things back together.” Jobs also noted that while his

father “did not have a deep understanding of electronics

[...] he’d encountered electronics a lot in automobiles

and other things he would fix. He showed me the

rudiments of electronics and I got very interested in that.”

35    Jobs went to elementary school and high school in

Cupertino, California. He attended after-school lectures

at the Hewlett-Packard Company in Palo Alto, California,

and was later hired there, working with Steve Wozniak

as a summer employee. Following high school graduation

40 in 1972, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland,

Oregon. Although he dropped out after only one

semester, he continued auditing classes at Reed, while

sleeping on the floor in friends’ rooms, returning Coke

bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at

45 the local Hare Krishna temple. Jobs later said, “If I had

never dropped in on that single calligraphy course in

college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces

or proportionally spaced fonts.”

STEVE Jobs — early life and education. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 8 dez. 2011.