Questões de Inglês

INSTRUCTION: Answer question in relation to text.

TEXT

Everyday conversational narratives of personal
experience might be regarded as the country
cousins of more well-wrought narratives. The work
of archaeologist Nicholas Toth revolutionized the
[5] understanding of Stone Age tools. Prior to Toth’s
studies, the received perspective was that early
hominids chipped a cobble in such a way that it
could be used as a pick or a hand ax. Researchers
considered the splintered flakes as waste products
[10] and examined them for information about techniques
used to shape the stone core tool. While others were
analyzing the morphological shapes and cognitive
correlates of the chipped cores, Toth, in a radical
turnabout, discovered that the flakes were the primary
[15] tools and that the large stone was an incidental by-

product, possibly a secondary tool. The flakes turned
out to be “extremely effective cutting tools” for animals,
wood, hides, and other work. We posit that, like stone
flakes, mundane conversational narratives of personal
[20] experience constitute the prototype of narrative activity
rather than the flawed by-product of more artful and
planned narrative discourse

OCHS, E. & CAPPS, L. (2001) Living Narrative – creating lives in everyday storytelling. Harvard University Press, England, p.3.

Glossary:

Chip – small piece of something, like wood or glass, mainly when it has broken off something.

Cobble – small round-shaped stone; cobblestones.

Well-wrought – skillfully shaped or decorated

INSTRUCTION: Answer question in relation to text.

TEXT 

An effort to count the world’s sloths

A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide
with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of
physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedro
Hallal of the Federal University of Pelotas, in Brazil,
[5] is the most complete portrait yet of the world’s busy
bees and couch potatoes. It suggests that nearly a
third of adults, 31%, are not getting enough exercise.

That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a
new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial
[10] revolution, technology and economic growth have
conspired to create a world in which the flexing of
muscles is more and more an option rather than a
necessity. But only recently have enough good data
been collected from enough places to carry out the
[15] sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have
engaged in.

The high rates of inactivity he found in his paper are
worrying. Paradoxically, human beings seem to have
evolved to benefit from exercise while eschewing it
[20] whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be
impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of
it to be beneficial, while over-exercising would use up
scarce calories to little advantage. But that no longer
pertains. According to another paper in the Lancet,
[25] insufficient activity these days has nearly the same
effect on life expectancy as smoking.
The Economist Jul 21st 2012, from the print edition.

INSTRUCTION: Answer question in relation to text.

TEXT 

An effort to count the world’s sloths

A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide
with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of
physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedro
Hallal of the Federal University of Pelotas, in Brazil,
[5] is the most complete portrait yet of the world’s busy
bees and couch potatoes. It suggests that nearly a
third of adults, 31%, are not getting enough exercise.

That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a
new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial
[10] revolution, technology and economic growth have
conspired to create a world in which the flexing of
muscles is more and more an option rather than a
necessity. But only recently have enough good data
been collected from enough places to carry out the
[15] sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have
engaged in.

The high rates of inactivity he found in his paper are
worrying. Paradoxically, human beings seem to have
evolved to benefit from exercise while eschewing it
[20] whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be
impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of
it to be beneficial, while over-exercising would use up
scarce calories to little advantage. But that no longer
pertains. According to another paper in the Lancet,
[25] insufficient activity these days has nearly the same
effect on life expectancy as smoking.
The Economist Jul 21st 2012, from the print edition.

INSTRUCTION: Answer question in relation to text.

TEXT 

An effort to count the world’s sloths

A paper in the Lancet, shamelessly timed to coincide
with the Olympic games, compares countries’ rates of
physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedro
Hallal of the Federal University of Pelotas, in Brazil,
[5] is the most complete portrait yet of the world’s busy
bees and couch potatoes. It suggests that nearly a
third of adults, 31%, are not getting enough exercise.

That rates of exercise have declined is hardly a
new discovery. Since the beginning of the industrial
[10] revolution, technology and economic growth have
conspired to create a world in which the flexing of
muscles is more and more an option rather than a
necessity. But only recently have enough good data
been collected from enough places to carry out the
[15] sort of analysis Dr Hallal and his colleagues have
engaged in.

The high rates of inactivity he found in his paper are
worrying. Paradoxically, human beings seem to have
evolved to benefit from exercise while eschewing it
[20] whenever they can. In a state of nature it would be
impossible to live a life that did not provide enough of
it to be beneficial, while over-exercising would use up
scarce calories to little advantage. But that no longer
pertains. According to another paper in the Lancet,
[25] insufficient activity these days has nearly the same
effect on life expectancy as smoking.
The Economist Jul 21st 2012, from the print edition.

INSTRUCTION: Answer question in relation to text.

TEXT 

Chinese thirst for formula spurs rationing

By Amie Tsang, Louise Lucas and Neil Hume,

  Supermarkets as far afield _______ the UK and
Australia have been forced to ration infant formula
due to rampant Chinese demand for foreign-made
baby milk. Mainland Chinese buyers have been
[5] snapping up cans of formula across the globe following
safety scandals in the domestic market, starting with
the melamine-spiked milk of 2008 that killed six babies
and left 300,000 sick.
  Voracious demand for overseas-manufactured
[10] formula – Chinese babies are expected to slurp
their way through $14.5bn worth of milk powder this
year – has prompted a wave of smuggling rings and
entrepreneurial escapades: cans are available online
for Rmb150-Rmb200 ($24-$32).
[15]   Production of formula is _______ under pressure,
as a severe drought in New Zealand – the biggest
provider in the global dairy trade – forces up the cost
of raw milk powder. The New Zealand price, a proxy
for Asia-Pacific, was 30 per cent higher month-on-

[20] month in March. The frenzy for formula has forced
governments to step in. Hong Kong, ________
shelves of formula are regularly cleared by mainland
visitors, introduced curbs at customs in February

Adapted from Financial Times June 22nd 2013, from the Internet edition

Glossary:
bn = billion
Rmb = Ren Min Bi (The official currency of China)

INSTRUCTION: Answer question in relation to text.

TEXT 

Chinese thirst for formula spurs rationing

By Amie Tsang, Louise Lucas and Neil Hume,

  Supermarkets as far afield _______ the UK and
Australia have been forced to ration infant formula
due to rampant Chinese demand for foreign-made
baby milk. Mainland Chinese buyers have been
[5] snapping up cans of formula across the globe following
safety scandals in the domestic market, starting with
the melamine-spiked milk of 2008 that killed six babies
and left 300,000 sick.
  Voracious demand for overseas-manufactured
[10] formula – Chinese babies are expected to slurp
their way through $14.5bn worth of milk powder this
year – has prompted a wave of smuggling rings and
entrepreneurial escapades: cans are available online
for Rmb150-Rmb200 ($24-$32).
[15]   Production of formula is _______ under pressure,
as a severe drought in New Zealand – the biggest
provider in the global dairy trade – forces up the cost
of raw milk powder. The New Zealand price, a proxy
for Asia-Pacific, was 30 per cent higher month-on-

[20] month in March. The frenzy for formula has forced
governments to step in. Hong Kong, ________
shelves of formula are regularly cleared by mainland
visitors, introduced curbs at customs in February

Adapted from Financial Times June 22nd 2013, from the Internet edition

Glossary:
bn = billion
Rmb = Ren Min Bi (The official currency of China)