Questões de Inglês

No trecho do primeiro quadrinho – This should be the last load –, a palavra should indica uma ideia de

Segundo as informações presentes na tira, os dois homens

Texto base 

 

[1] Second Life is a virtual world in three

dimensions that you can enter through the

Internet. Users can travel around, talk or

communicate with others, buy land and

[5] houses, build cars, parks or any other object

you can think of. You can go

shopping, attend colleges and universities or

go to concerts and other events. You can do

almost anything you can do in

[10] the real world. Second Life was created in

2003 by a San Francisco company called

Linden Lab. When you sign up for a free

account you become a resident. It gives you

the right to create an avatar and travel around

[15] in Second Life. In order to view

this virtual world you must download a

special viewer and install it on your computer.

The Second Life world is made up of different

regions. The mainland is the biggest region. It

[20] is owned by Linden Lab itself. There are also

other areas, owned by private people or other

companies. A membership fee of ten dollars a

month lets you buy your own land. By

becoming a paying member you also get

[25] some virtual money that you can spend. You

also get help if you have problems or run into

trouble.

Disponível em: <http://www.english-online.at>. Acesso em: 06.nov.2013.

A palavra mainland (l. 19) significa:

[5] Twitter is a social network that allows users to

send and receive shortmessages , called

tweets. Tweets can be up to one hundred

forty characters long. You can send tweets

[10] from your computer or even from your mobile

phone. While some social networking services

are like Facebook or MySpace are

more complicated Twitter is fairly simple to

use. To send or receive messages you just

[15] have to create an account on Twitter. You can

only send text to twitter, images are not

allowed. Twitter users can follow what other

people post. It makes you feel a part of

someone else’s life. People all over the world

[20] talk about all kinds of topics. In most cases

Twitter is made up of

many small groups of people. Sometimes only they can follow each

other’s movements.

You could post “Hey, I’m going to the pub”,

[25] and all of your friends could read it at once.

Your messages on Twitter can be private,

meaning only your friends can read them or

you could make them public, meaning they

can be seen by everyone. Twitter is used for

[30] many things. You can post an upcoming

event, organize group conversations or just

tell the world what you’re doing at the

moment. You can also use twitter instead of

sending many SMS’s to different people. Just

[35] post your messages on Twitter and everyone

else can see them. Many people update their

Twitter status very often, sometimes even

a couple of times an hour. Recently, Twitter

has also been used in business. Companies

[40] use twitter to inform people about new

products or just to post something that is on

sale. Twitter has become very popular. Since

its birth in 2006 over one hundred million

people around the world have been using

it regularly

Fonte:. Acesso em: 13.mar.2014.

A palavra them (l. 23) refere-se:

[5] Twitter is a social network that allows users to

send and receive shortmessages , called

tweets. Tweets can be up to one hundred

forty characters long. You can send tweets

[10] from your computer or even from your mobile

phone. While some social networking services

are like Facebook or MySpace are

more complicated Twitter is fairly simple to

use. To send or receive messages you just

[15] have to create an account on Twitter. You can

only send text to twitter, images are not

allowed. Twitter users can follow what other

people post. It makes you feel a part of

someone else’s life. People all over the world

[20] talk about all kinds of topics. In most cases

Twitter is made up of

many small groups of people. Sometimes only they can follow each

other’s movements.

You could post “Hey, I’m going to the pub”,

[25] and all of your friends could read it at once.

Your messages on Twitter can be private,

meaning only your friends can read them or

you could make them public, meaning they

can be seen by everyone. Twitter is used for

[30] many things. You can post an upcoming

event, organize group conversations or just

tell the world what you’re doing at the

moment. You can also use twitter instead of

sending many SMS’s to different people. Just

[35] post your messages on Twitter and everyone

else can see them. Many people update their

Twitter status very often, sometimes even

a couple of times an hour. Recently, Twitter

has also been used in business. Companies

[40] use twitter to inform people about new

products or just to post something that is on

sale. Twitter has become very popular. Since

its birth in 2006 over one hundred million

people around the world have been using

it regularly

Fonte:. Acesso em: 13.mar.2014.

Com relação ao Twitter, assinale a alternativa correta:

1 A CALORIE is a calorie. Eat too many and spend too

few, and you will become obese and sickly. This is the

conventional wisdom. But increasingly, it looks too

simplistic. All calories do not seem to be created equal,

and the way the body processes the same calories may

vary dramatically from one person to the next.

2 This is the intriguing suggestion from the latest

research into metabolic syndrome, the nasty clique that

includes high blood pressure, high blood sugar,

unbalanced cholesterol and, of course, obesity. This

uniquely modern scourge has swept across America,

where obesity rates are notoriously high. But it is also

doing damage from Mexico to South Africa and India,

raising levels of disease and pushing up health costs.

3 Metabolic syndrome can still be blamed on eating too

much and exercising too little. But it is crucial to

understand why some foods are particularly harmful

and why some people gain more weight than others.

Thankfully, researchers are beginning to offer

explanations in a series of recent papers.

4 One debate concerns the villainy of glucose, which is

found in starches, and fructose, found in fruits, table

sugar and, not surprisingly, high-fructose corn syrup.

Diets with a high “glycaemic index”, raising glucose

levels in the blood, seem to promote metabolic

problems. David Ludwig of Boston Children's Hospital

has shown that those on a diet with a low glycaemic

index experience metabolic changes that help them

keep weight off compared with those fed a low-fat diet.

This challenges the notion that a calorie is a calorie.

Others, however, blame fructose, which seems to

promote obesity and insulin resistance. Now a study

published in Nature Communications by Richard

Johnson, of the University of Colorado, explains that

glucose may do its harm, in part, through its conversion

to fructose.

5 Dr Johnson and his colleagues administered a diet of

water and glucose to three types of mice. One group

acted as a control and two others lacked enzymes that

help the body process fructose. The normal mice

developed a fatty liver and became resistant to insulin.

The others were protected. The body's conversion of

glucose to fructose, therefore, seems to help spur

metabolic woes.

6 Jeffrey Gordon, of Washington University in St Louis,

says that many studies point to the importance of what

he calls “job vacancies” in the microbiota of the obese.

Fed the proper diet, a person with more vacancies may

see the jobs filled by helpful bacteria. In a paper,

recently published in Science, Dr Gordon explores this

in mice. To control for the effects of genetics, Dr Gordon

found four pairs of human twins, with one twin obese

and the other lean. He collected their stool, then

transferred the twins' bacteria to sets of mice. Fed an

identical diet, the mice with bacteria from an obese twin

became obese, whereas mice with bacteria from a thin

twin remained lean.

7 Dr Gordon then tested what would happen when mice

with different bacteria were housed together—mouse

droppings help to transfer bacteria. Bacteria from the

lean mice made their way to the mice with the obese

twin's bacteria, preventing those mice from gaining

weight and developing other metabolic abnormalities.

But the phenomenon did not work in reverse, probably

due to Dr Gordon's theory on the microbiota's job

vacancies. Interestingly, the invasion did not occur, and

obesity was not prevented, when the mice ate a diet

high in fat and low in fruits and vegetables. The transfer

of helpful bacteria therefore seems to depend on diet.

8 Dr Gordon hopes to be able to identify specific bacteria

that might, eventually, be isolated and used as a

treatment for obesity. For now, however, he and other

researchers are exposing a complex interplay of

factors.

9 One type of calorie may be metabolised differently than

another. But the effect of a particular diet depends on a

person's genes and bacteria. And that person's bacteria

are determined in part by his diet. Metabolic syndrome,

it seems, hinges on an intricate relationship between

food, bacteria and genetics. Understand it, and

researchers will illuminate one of modernity's most

common ailments.

 

No parágrafo 4, notamos que o controle da obesidade