Questões de Inglês

TEXTO:

 

China’s one-child policy

 

  China’s top legislature approved resolutions to
officially amend its controversial one-child policy. The
changes to the one-child policy will mean couples will
be allowed to have two children if one of the parents was
[5] an only child, according to the state-run Xinhua news
agency. Currently, both parents must be sole children to
be eligible for a second child.
  The one-child policy, which started in the 1970s, is
believed to have prevented some 400 million births,
[10] according to Xinhua. Although the policy has been
applauded by many for slowing down China’s rapid
population growth, it has also been widely criticized for
resulting in forced abortions and hefty fines for families.
  Some critics say the law hurts China’s elderly, who
[15] typically rely on their children for support in old age, and
even constrains economic growth as the working-age
population begins to decline. Since the 1990s, the birth
rate has declined, with Chinese women giving birth to an
average of 1.4 to 1.6 children.
[20]   The world’s most populous nation will soon have
too few people – or, rather, too few of the right kind of
people. More than three decades of government-

mandated family planning have succeeded beyond the
architects’ most grandiose dreams. Add to that the natural
[25] inclination of richer, more educated people to limit their
family size, and China’s population growth is projected
to gradually diminish within fifteen years. That would leave
the People’s Republic with a distorted population: too
few youths, too few women and too many elderly.
[30]   Off icials say the easing of the one-child policy does
not mean China is ending its family planning. “China still
has a large population. This has not changed. Many of
our economic and social problems are rooted in this
reality,” said Jiang Fan, a National People’s Congress
[35] deputy, in Chinese media. “We cannot risk the population
growing out of control.”

PARK, Madison. China’s one-child policy. Disponível em: http:// www.cnn.com/2013/12/28/world/asia/china-one-child-policy-official. Acesso em: 13 jun. 2014. Adaptado.

The birth rate in China has __________ since the end of the last century.

 

According to the text, the alternative that completes the blank correctly is

Read the text below to answer QUESTION.

 

ScienceShot: French Fries on Jupiter

Lizzie Wade 30 December 2013

 

  Today in questions no one has ever asked: What would french fries taste like if you made them on Jupiter? Luckily, the European Space Agency is on the case.

  Hoping that studying deep frying in different gravitational conditions will help them improve space food for future astronauts, scientists chopped potatoes into thin sticks and deep fried them in extra-virgin olive oil, one side at a time, in a spinning centrifuge that created conditions of up to nine times Earth’s gravity.

  Higher gravity levels significantly increased the heat transfer between the hot oil and the potato, shortening frying time and resulting in thick, crispy crusts, the team reports next month in Food Research International. In fact, the scientists may have discovered the ideal gravitational condition for creating crunchy fries: The crust reached its maximum thickness when the potato was fried at three times Earth’s gravity; any further increase in gravity levels did not improve the fry’s crispiness.

  But before you patent your idea for a hyper gravity deep fryer, here’s the bad news: The bottoms of the fries were insulated from the oil by a layer of water vapor rushing out of the potato’s pores, resulting in a soggy-bottomed fry no matter what the gravity level.

  Perhaps the team’s upcoming experiments with deep frying in microgravity will finally create the perfect space fry.

Source: http://news.sciencemag.org/physics/2013/12/scienceshot-french-fries-jupiter

In accordance with the text, mark the option which indicates what the scientists discovered that was not pleasant or enjoyable.

Read the text below to answer QUESTION.

 

ScienceShot: French Fries on Jupiter

Lizzie Wade 30 December 2013

 

  Today in questions no one has ever asked: What would french fries taste like if you made them on Jupiter? Luckily, the European Space Agency is on the case.

  Hoping that studying deep frying in different gravitational conditions will help them improve space food for future astronauts, scientists chopped potatoes into thin sticks and deep fried them in extra-virgin olive oil, one side at a time, in a spinning centrifuge that created conditions of up to nine times Earth’s gravity.

  Higher gravity levels significantly increased the heat transfer between the hot oil and the potato, shortening frying time and resulting in thick, crispy crusts, the team reports next month in Food Research International. In fact, the scientists may have discovered the ideal gravitational condition for creating crunchy fries: The crust reached its maximum thickness when the potato was fried at three times Earth’s gravity; any further increase in gravity levels did not improve the fry’s crispiness.

  But before you patent your idea for a hyper gravity deep fryer, here’s the bad news: The bottoms of the fries were insulated from the oil by a layer of water vapor rushing out of the potato’s pores, resulting in a soggy-bottomed fry no matter what the gravity level.

  Perhaps the team’s upcoming experiments with deep frying in microgravity will finally create the perfect space fry.

Source: http://news.sciencemag.org/physics/2013/12/scienceshot-french-fries-jupiter

According to the text, the aim of the scientists is:

Pay attention to the next comics to answer QUESTION.

According to the comics above, it is CORRECT to affirm.

Read the text below to answer QUESTION.

 

Sports-mad South Africa salutes Mandela 'The Captain'

By Ed Cropley and Ed Stoddard Johannesburg Sat Dec 7, 2013

 

  Sports-mad South Africa saluted Nelson Mandela on Saturday with smiles and moments of silence in honor of the late antiapartheid leader, who inspired people to pursue the impossible from politics to the playing field.

  The tributes stretched across the sporting spectrum, from club cricket and fun runs to top fixtures such as a League Cup final between Platinum Stars and Orlando Pirates, the Soweto giants believed to have been Mandela's favorite soccer side.

  In their first comments since his death on Thursday evening, Mandela's family thanked South Africa and the wider world for their support.

  "It has not been easy for the last two days and it won't be pleasant for the days to come. But with the support we are receiving from here and beyond, in due time all will be well for the family," they said in a statement.

  Saturday's Cup final before a 40,000 crowd in the northeast city of Nelspruit was preceded by a moment of silence in honor of South Africa's first black president, whose early sporting prowess, particularly in boxing and soccer, was cut short when he was jailed for 27 years by the apartheid government.

Available at: http://www.reuters.com/article/ (Adapted)

All of the following statements are related to the text, EXCEPT.

Read the text below to answer QUESTION.

 

Sports-mad South Africa salutes Mandela 'The Captain'

By Ed Cropley and Ed Stoddard Johannesburg Sat Dec 7, 2013

 

  Sports-mad South Africa saluted Nelson Mandela on Saturday with smiles and moments of silence in honor of the late antiapartheid leader, who inspired people to pursue the impossible from politics to the playing field.

  The tributes stretched across the sporting spectrum, from club cricket and fun runs to top fixtures such as a League Cup final between Platinum Stars and Orlando Pirates, the Soweto giants believed to have been Mandela's favorite soccer side.

  In their first comments since his death on Thursday evening, Mandela's family thanked South Africa and the wider world for their support.

  "It has not been easy for the last two days and it won't be pleasant for the days to come. But with the support we are receiving from here and beyond, in due time all will be well for the family," they said in a statement.

  Saturday's Cup final before a 40,000 crowd in the northeast city of Nelspruit was preceded by a moment of silence in honor of South Africa's first black president, whose early sporting prowess, particularly in boxing and soccer, was cut short when he was jailed for 27 years by the apartheid government.

Available at: http://www.reuters.com/article/ (Adapted)

When reading about Nelson Mandela in the text, it is CORRECT to affirm.

 

I. He encouraged people in many aspects, especially in the sporting and political ones.

II. His death has been accompanied by an outpouring of tributes from sportsmen.

III. He had his sporting abilities interrupted for being arrested.

IV. He spent 27 years imprisoned by a government that enacted laws that defined and enforced segregation.

V. His family was deeply saddened by his death but believed the support they were receiving would help to comfort them.