Questões de Inglês

Read the text and choose the CORRECT alternative.

 

Training Midwives to Save Expectant Mothers in Chiapas

 

Chiapas, the southernmost state in Mexico, is a mix of wonder and sadness. It is home to rain forests, Ma-yan ruins, waterfalls, rugged highlands — and some of the country’s highest death rates among women in childbirth. Pregnancy and birth are not illnesses, and yet they are a significant cause of death in young wom-en in developing countries. Globally, complications of pregnancy or delivery killed 289,000 women in 2013, almost entirely in poor countries. The toll was far worse in 1990, when more than 500,000 women died. But the improvement in recent years falls short of goals set by the United Nations, which called for a worldwide decrease of 75 percent in maternal mortality by 2015. The death rate remains “unacceptably high,” according to the World Health Organization. The figures are inexcusable, experts say. With proper, basic health care, nearly all deaths during pregnancy and childbirth can be prevented. The story in Chiapas is much like that in other impoverished regions around the world. Wherever maternal deaths are high, the main reason is the same: not enough doctors, nurses and medically trained and equipped midwives to help deliver babies.

Available in: <http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/01/health/midwife-mexico-chiapas.html?action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=Moth-Visible&module=inside-nyt-region&region=inside-nyt-region&WT.nav=inside-nyt-region&_r=0>. Access in: August, 2015.

 

The highlighted words in the text mean, respectively:

Scientific literacy

Scientific literacy is the knowledge and understanding of scientific concepts and

processes required for personal decision making, participation in civic and cultural

affairs, and economic productivity. It also includes specific types of abilities.

Scientific literacy means that a person can ask, find, or determine answers to

questions derived from curiosity about everyday experiences. It means that a person

has the ability to describe, explain, and predict natural phenomena. Scientific literacy

entails being able to read with understanding articles about science in the popular

press and to engage in social conversation about the validity of the conclusions.

Scientific literacy implies that a person can identify scientific issues underlying national

and local decisions and express positions that are scientifically and technologically

informed. A literate citizen should be able to evaluate the quality of scientific

information on the basis of its source and the methods used to generate it. Scientific

literacy also implies the capacity to pose and evaluate arguments based on evidence

 

and to apply conclusions from such arguments appropriately.

 

Fonte: Disponível em: . Acesso em: 16 set. 2016.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o objetivo central do texto: 

Scientific literacy

Scientific literacy is the knowledge and understanding of scientific concepts and

processes required for personal decision making, participation in civic and cultural

affairs, and economic productivity. It also includes specific types of abilities.

Scientific literacy means that a person can ask, find, or determine answers to

questions derived from curiosity about everyday experiences. It means that a person

has the ability to describe, explain, and predict natural phenomena. Scientific literacy

entails being able to read with understanding articles about science in the popular

press and to engage in social conversation about the validity of the conclusions.

Scientific literacy implies that a person can identify scientific issues underlying national

and local decisions and express positions that are scientifically and technologically

informed. A literate citizen should be able to evaluate the quality of scientific

information on the basis of its source and the methods used to generate it. Scientific

literacy also implies the capacity to pose and evaluate arguments based on evidence

 

and to apply conclusions from such arguments appropriately.

 

Fonte: Disponível em: <http://www.literacynet.org/science/scientificliteracy.html>. Acesso em: 16 set. 2016.

Com relação aos recursos linguísticos usados no texto, assinale a alternativa correta. 

Scientific literacy

Scientific literacy is the knowledge and understanding of scientific concepts and

processes required for personal decision making, participation in civic and cultural

affairs, and economic productivity. It also includes specific types of abilities.

Scientific literacy means that a person can ask, find, or determine answers to

questions derived from curiosity about everyday experiences. It means that a person

has the ability to describe, explain, and predict natural phenomena. Scientific literacy

entails being able to read with understanding articles about science in the popular

press and to engage in social conversation about the validity of the conclusions.

Scientific literacy implies that a person can identify scientific issues underlying national

and local decisions and express positions that are scientifically and technologically

informed. A literate citizen should be able to evaluate the quality of scientific

information on the basis of its source and the methods used to generate it. Scientific

literacy also implies the capacity to pose and evaluate arguments based on evidence

 

and to apply conclusions from such arguments appropriately.

 

Fonte: Disponível em: <http://www.literacynet.org/science/scientificliteracy.html>. Acesso em: 16 set. 2016.

A partir do texto, considere as inferências a seguir.

 

I→As conclusões derivadas de pesquisas científicas são indiscutíveis. 

II → A credibilidade das fontes que divulgam informações científicas pode ser questionada. 

III → A qualidade das informações científicas depende do método utilizado para obtê-las. 

 

Está(ão) correta(s)

Scientific literacy

Scientific literacy is the knowledge and understanding of scientific concepts and

processes required for personal decision making, participation in civic and cultural

affairs, and economic productivity. It also includes specific types of abilities.

Scientific literacy means that a person can ask, find, or determine answers to

questions derived from curiosity about everyday experiences. It means that a person

has the ability to describe, explain, and predict natural phenomena. Scientific literacy

entails being able to read with understanding articles about science in the popular

press and to engage in social conversation about the validity of the conclusions.

Scientific literacy implies that a person can identify scientific issues underlying national

and local decisions and express positions that are scientifically and technologically

informed. A literate citizen should be able to evaluate the quality of scientific

information on the basis of its source and the methods used to generate it. Scientific

literacy also implies the capacity to pose and evaluate arguments based on evidence

 

and to apply conclusions from such arguments appropriately.

 

Fonte: Disponível em: <http://www.literacynet.org/science/scientificliteracy.html>. Acesso em: 16 set. 2016.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a tradução mais adequada para o segmento "Scientific literacy is the knowledge and understanding of scientific concepts and processes required for personal decision making, participation in civic and cultural affairs, and economic productivity." (ℓ.1-3) 

 Shoes with high heels are the fashion choice for many women around the world. However, a new study by Stanford University in the USA proves that wearing high heels over a long period of time can permanently injure the body. The study by a biomotion team from the University scanned the knees of healthy women as they walked at a normal pace in flat shoes, 1.5 inch heels and 3.5 inch heels. The results send a warning to women who want to wear high heels that they risk permanent damage to their knees. The researchers found that when women wear high heels, their knees are held in an awkward, bent position causing the joints to perform as though aged or damaged joints would – increasing the risk the condition known as osteoarthritis, which could require surgery.

 

 Britain’s Daily Express newspaper reports a recent survey of 1,200 women that shows how popular high heels are. It said 93 per cent of women felt sexier and more feminine when they wore heels, 88 per cent said they considered themselves more stylish and 77 per cent said their heels made them feel slimmer. Most women prefer to ignore health warnings, and even the pain and discomfort of wearing heels, to look and feel good.

 

 A British doctor, Tim Allardyce, said he regularly treats women with problems caused by wearing heels. “Because of the odd angle at which the feet are held in high-heeled shoes, it increases the downward pressure on the knees by 25 per cent, placing significant stress on the kneecaps, even when you’re standing still,” he explains. He added: “Standing and walking on the balls of your feet throws the skeleton out of its usual, healthy alignment, which means muscles and joints throughout the body have to compensate to maintain its centre of gravity and keep the body upright.”

(www.breakingnewsenglish.com / www.express.co.uk. Adaptado.)

No trecho da última frase do texto “compensate to maintain its centre of gravity and keep the body upright”, a palavra “its” refere-se a