Questões de Inglês

  Girls’ rights

Can the movement achieve lasting change?

A movement to protect and expand girls' rights around the world is gaining support from governments, international donors and advocacy groups. Improving girls' lives is not only a moral issue — research shows it also speeds economic development. Activists are pushing to end child marriage, educate all girls, improve their reproductive health and reduce violence and discrimination against them. Although girls' mortality and school enrollment rates have been improving, obstacles remain. Nearly 120 million girls do not attend primary school, and 15 million girls under 18 marry each year, often under duress, ending their schooling and putting them at risk for domestic violence and health complications. In some countries girls' progress is threatened by religious extremists, such as the Taliban in Afghanistan and Pakistan, Islamic State in Iraq and Syria and Boko Haram in Nigeria. Activists say that to have lasting effects, girls' rights campaigns must establish effective onthe-ground programs that change societal attitudes as well as local policies.

Disponível em: http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/document.php?id=cqresrre2 015041700> Acessado em 20 de outubro de 2015.

  Emerging Infectious Diseases

Is an unstoppable global pandemic possible?

From the deadly Ebola outbreak in West Africa to a mysterious new illness that killed a Kansas farmer last summer, emerging infectious diseases — illnesses never seen before or that reappear in new places or with new severity — threaten people around the world. About five new infections emerge in humans each year, typically three crossing over from animals. Many new kinds of infections also strike wild and domestic animals. Fifty years ago many medical scientists believed widespread use of antibiotics and vaccines would all but eliminate infectious disease. But factors such as environmental change, population growth, poverty and globalization are spurring new, often deadly, infections. Disease scientists urge policymakers to pay much more attention to animal health and to boost funding for public-health agencies here and abroad, but many conservatives say more money is not the answer. Meanwhile, scientists are gaining new insights into the genetic makeup of disease-causing microbes, giving them hope of discovering more ways to prevent or fight infections.

Disponível em: http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/document.php?id=cqresrre 2015021300 Acessado em 20 de outubro de 2015.

  Prisoners and Mental Illness

Are too many with psychiatric problems behind bars?

Thousands of people with schizophrenia, severe depression, delusional disorders or other mental problems are locked up, often in solitary confinement. While some committed violent crimes and remain a threat to themselves or other inmates and prison staff, many are incarcerated for minor offenses, simply because there is no place to send them for treatment. The number of mentally ill inmates has mushroomed in recent years as states have closed their psychiatric hospitals in favor of outpatient community mental health centers that typically are underfunded and overcrowded. In an attempt to reduce the influx of mentally ill inmates, some 300 specialized mental health courts have diverted them into court-monitored treatment instead of jail. Yet, many participants re-offend, and some experts say psychiatric treatment alone won't prevent criminal behavior. Meanwhile, courts in more than a half-dozen states have declared solitary confinement unconstitutional for those with mental illness. However, some corrections officials say solitary is necessary to separate dangerous prisoners.

Disponível em: http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/document.php?id=cqresrre 2015031300 Acessado em 20 de outubro de 2015.

Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

World Blood Donor Day: Voluntary Blood Donations Save Lives
World Blood Donor Day highlights the critical need for voluntary donations of blood and blood products around the world.
Voluntary donations of blood donations are critical to the survival of hospital patients worldwide, especially in areas where there are few resources to provide payment for blood donors. On World Blood Donor Day, events are held around the world to raise awareness about the need for safe blood and blood products, as well as thank blood donors who volunteer their own life-saving gift of blood.
The observance was established in 2003, and has since been held annually on June 14 to honor the birth of Karl Landsteiner, who won the Nobel Prize for establishing the ABO blood group system.
The World Health Organization (WHO)'s goal is for all countries in the world to obtain all their blood supplies from 100% voluntary blood donations by 2020. So far, just 62 countries have met or come close to that goal, with 40 countries dependent upon family and/or paid blood donations. Of the 92 million blood donations collected every year, about half are collected in high-income countries, home to 15% of the world’s population.
Disponivel: http://www.goodspeaks.org/event/world-blood-donorday- voluntary-blood-donations-save-lives Acessado em 20 de outubro de 2015.

Read the text below and answer the following question based on it.

World Blood Donor Day: Voluntary Blood Donations Save Lives
World Blood Donor Day highlights the critical need for voluntary donations of blood and blood products around the world.
Voluntary donations of blood donations are critical to the survival of hospital patients worldwide, especially in areas where there are few resources to provide payment for blood donors. On World Blood Donor Day, events are held around the world to raise awareness about the need for safe blood and blood products, as well as thank blood donors who volunteer their own life-saving gift of blood.
The observance was established in 2003, and has since been held annually on June 14 to honor the birth of Karl Landsteiner, who won the Nobel Prize for establishing the ABO blood group system.
The World Health Organization (WHO)'s goal is for all countries in the world to obtain all their blood supplies from 100% voluntary blood donations by 2020. So far, just 62 countries have met or come close to that goal, with 40 countries dependent upon family and/or paid blood donations. Of the 92 million blood donations collected every year, about half are collected in high-income countries, home to 15% of the world’s population.
Disponivel: http://www.goodspeaks.org/event/world-blood-donorday- voluntary-blood-donations-save-lives Acessado em 20 de outubro de 2015.