Questões de Inglês

Text

 

Typhoon, Hurricane, Cyclone: What's the Difference?

By Ker Than, for National Geographic
Published September 25, 2013.

 

    A powerful typhoon that struck Hong Kong on Sunday killed at least 30 people and forced the evacuation of thousands of people on the China mainland, and hundreds of flights were canceled. Typhoon Usagi— Japanese for rabbit—is the third and strongest Pacific typhoon to form this year. It was classified as a severe, or "super," typhoon after meteorologists recorded gusts of up to 160 miles per hour (260 kilometers per hour).

    If you've never lived in Asia, you might be wondering what it feels like to experience a typhoon. But if you've ever survived a hurricane or cyclone, you already know the answer. That's because hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons are all the same weather phenomenon. Scientists just call these storms different things depending on where they occur.

    In the Atlantic and northern Pacific, the storms are called "hurricanes," after the Caribbean god of evil, named Hurrican. In the northwestern Pacific, the same powerful storms are called "typhoons." In the southeastern Indian    Ocean and southwestern Pacific, they are called "severe tropical cyclones. In the northern Indian Ocean, they're called "severe cyclonic storms." In the southwestern Indian Ocean, they're just "tropical cyclones."

    To be classified as a hurricane, typhoon, or cyclone, a storm must reach wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour (119 kilometers per hour). If a hurricane's winds reach speeds of 111 miles per hour (179 kilometers per hour), it is upgraded to an "intense hurricane." If a typhoon hits 150 miles per hour (241 kilometers per hour)—as Usagi did—then it becomes a "supertyphoon."

(Excerpt from the site:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/09/130923-

typhoon-hurricane-
cycloneprimernaturaldisaster/?source=hp_dl2_news_typhoon_e

xplainer_20130924. Researched on: October 2015).

In the excerpt “A powerful typhoon that struck Hong Kong on Sunday” the CORRECT synonym for the underlined word is:

Text

 

Typhoon, Hurricane, Cyclone: What's the Difference?

By Ker Than, for National Geographic
Published September 25, 2013.

 

    A powerful typhoon that struck Hong Kong on Sunday killed at least 30 people and forced the evacuation of thousands of people on the China mainland, and hundreds of flights were canceled. Typhoon Usagi— Japanese for rabbit—is the third and strongest Pacific typhoon to form this year. It was classified as a severe, or "super," typhoon after meteorologists recorded gusts of up to 160 miles per hour (260 kilometers per hour).

    If you've never lived in Asia, you might be wondering what it feels like to experience a typhoon. But if you've ever survived a hurricane or cyclone, you already know the answer. That's because hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons are all the same weather phenomenon. Scientists just call these storms different things depending on where they occur.

    In the Atlantic and northern Pacific, the storms are called "hurricanes," after the Caribbean god of evil, named Hurrican. In the northwestern Pacific, the same powerful storms are called "typhoons." In the southeastern Indian    Ocean and southwestern Pacific, they are called "severe tropical cyclones. In the northern Indian Ocean, they're called "severe cyclonic storms." In the southwestern Indian Ocean, they're just "tropical cyclones."

    To be classified as a hurricane, typhoon, or cyclone, a storm must reach wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour (119 kilometers per hour). If a hurricane's winds reach speeds of 111 miles per hour (179 kilometers per hour), it is upgraded to an "intense hurricane." If a typhoon hits 150 miles per hour (241 kilometers per hour)—as Usagi did—then it becomes a "supertyphoon."

(Excerpt from the site:
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/09/130923-

typhoon-hurricane-
cycloneprimernaturaldisaster/?source=hp_dl2_news_typhoon_e

xplainer_20130924. Researched on: October 2015).

Mark the FALSE idea from the text.

Texto

 

O tombamento é o instrumento de reconhecimento e proteção do patrimônio cultural mais conhecido, e pode ser feito pela administração federal, estadual e municipal. Em âmbito federal, o tombamento foi instituído pelo Decreto-Lei nº 25, de 30 de novembro de 1937, o primeiro instrumento legal de proteção do Patrimônio Cultural Brasileiro e o primeiro das Américas, e cujos preceitos fundamentais se mantêm atuais e em uso até os nossos dias. 

Fonte: http://portal.iphan.gov.br/pagina/detalhes/126, acesso em 11 de julho de 2016.

 

O IPHAN – Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional – é a autarquia brasileira responsável pela salvaguarda dos bens tombados e registrados cujas características são relevantes para formação do legado cultural Brasileiro. Considerando a função do IPHAN e a data em negrito, considere as afirmações:

 

I. A lei citada (Decreto-Lei nº 25) corresponde ao governo conhecido como Estado Novo, dentro da Era Vargas. A preocupação com a criação de uma ‘cultura nacional’ fazia parte do projeto de integração nacional do regime capitaneado por Getúlio Vargas

II. A criação de um instrumento legal de proteção do Patrimônio Cultural mostra o caráter nacionalista da Era Vargas.

III. A postura nacionalista da Era Vargas e, especificamente, do Estado Novo não tem qualquer relação com a ascensão de regimes totalitários – como o Nazismo e o Fascismo - na Europa

 

Está (ão) correto (s):

Texto

 

Healthy Eating on the Weekend

 

All week long you work hard and bust your butt to lose a pound, drop an inch of your waistline or lower your body fat by the smallest of percentages. Well, it is no wonder that many people gain it all back over the weekend while hitting up their favorite restaurants. The best Chinese food dishes, Italian meals and your favorite local sports pubs are all too easy choices, they offer all the same thing. High fatty foods.

A quick burger here, a plate of Chinese food there will add up and put the pounds back on once again. There are certain items and definitely better choices that one can make to avoid such pitfalls. While out on the town this or some other weekend follow these tips below to help maintain the body you are working so hard to get.

 

The Keys to Success

 

• Always stick with lean cuts of meats.

• Be careful with dressings, sauces and gravies as they can have hidden fats and high sodium contents easily overlooked.

• Try to avoid starches like pasta, rice, breads or keep these portions under control.

• Always eat plenty of salad, fruits, and vegetables.

• Remember to wash everything down with as much water as you can stomach.

 

So, the next time your out at you favorite eatery, keep your choices simple and smart.

 

Stay Active, Stay Fit!

(http://www.bostonherald.com/lifestyle/health/mr_fit/2016/07/healthy_eating_on_the _weekend-acesso: 12.07.2016 )

The text mentions some helpful hints to help keep the body you are longing to have. Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?

Texto

 

Could using your phone at night cause blindness? Chinese man needed emergency op after spending hours texting his girlfriend in the dark

 

Could using your phone at night cause blindness? Chinese man needed emergency op after spending hours texting his girlfriend in the dark

 

A Chinese man who texted his girlfriend for hours in the dark risked going blind after his retina detached from the back of his eye.

 

The 26-year-old suffered the condition retinal detachment after using the messaging app, WeChat, almost constantly over several days and nights.

 

Doctors who diagnosed the condition, which can lead to blindness, took the man into surgery for an emergency operation to fix the problem.

 

Without prompt treatment, the condition can lead to blindness in the affected eye.

 

The retina is light-sensitive and sends messages to the brain through the optic nerve.

 

The man had reported experiencing sudden flashes in his line of sight, a common sign that a retina has become detached.

 

The condition occurs when the thin lining at the back of a person's eye - the retina - begins to pull away from the blood vessels that supply it with oxygen and nutrients.

 

The condition usually strikes between the ages of 50 and 70 - but scientists say an increasing number of young people are suffering from it - and smartphones could be to blame.

 

Medical Daily reported the Chinese man had been texting his girlfriend constantly throughout the day and for several hours in bed at night.

 

Yu Bin, an eye expert, told Want China Times this was an extreme case, but added it was possible for people to experience a retinal detachment as a result of excessive phone use.

 

Experts say starring at devices, such as phones and tablet computers, can put unnecessary strain on a person's eyes.

 

'Our eyes have evolved for three-dimensional viewing,' Andrea Thau, a New York City-based optometrist, told NBC News.

 

'So we wind up overfocusing as we strain to find a 3-D image on a close-up 2-D screen.'

 

Last year an eye surgeon warned that rates of short sightedness among young people have soared because of smartphones.

 

David Allamby, Founder of Focus Clinics, said there had been a 35 per cent increase in the number of people with advancing myopia (short sightedness) since the launch of smartphones in 1997. He added that the problem could increase by 50 per cent in the next ten years.

(fonte:http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2646136/Could-using-phonenight-cause-blindness.html- acesso 11.07.16)

The word but underlined in the text expresses contrast. Which of the following highlighted word is similar in meaning to but?

I Like the Bus (Julie Beck, JULY 24, 2015)

 

     As a traveler, my competitive advantage is laziness. I truly do not mind sitting still in one spot for hours with nothing to do but read or listen to music. In fact, those are three of my favorite things—music, reading, sitting. And I cherish when circumstances give me an excuse to spend my time that way, rather than worrying that I could be being more active, or productive. Because I am doing something productive—I’m going somewhere.

    This sort of me-time can be achieved on many forms of transportation—planes, trains, and automobiles (ones I’m not driving anyway) but the one I most enjoy is the bus. I like the city bus—especially as opposed to the subway, how it takes you through the streets instead of below them—and I like the long-distance bus. The bus to me is a meditative space, a safe place, a bubble out of time and away from life that moves me gently from one place to another.

    I have to fly to visit my family. The bus is better. It’s cheaper. You can bring liquids. There’s no security. You just get on, and get off. The cost is more one of time (though depending where you’re going, if you factor in the time you spend getting to the airport and going through security, you may end up breaking even). And it’s time, I think, worth spending. The more efficiently we use our time, the more demands are placed on our time. There’s something to be said for a forced slowdown.

    Going somewhere is an act. And there’s a pace at which I can fully take in the act of going somewhere and it’s not 500 miles per hour. A driving pace seems a good compromise. The scenery might blur around you, but you're still touching the ground.

(From: http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/07/i-like-the-bus/399518/. Adapted.)

What does the word though in “though depending where you’re going” (paragraph 3) indicate?