Questões de Inglês

TEXTO:

 

All for one and one for all is what we all should be.
But instead we go and fight each other.
Now, that wasn’t meant to be.
You know, the sun is there to light the day.
[5] The night is lit by the moon.
If we don’t come together, my brother, it all can end

                                                             [very soon.

 

It’s your world now.
The future is plain to see.
(Sing it, yeah. Sing it, yeah, yeah, yeah.).
[10] Give love right now.
We need the harmony.
Disponível em: jackson-five>. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2017.

In this excerpt from the song “We can change the world” by Michael Jackson and the Jackson 5, the song writer stresses the importance of

TEXTO:

 

Serious injury could occur if the following safety precautions are not observed:

 

    Do not use any equipment in any way other than designed or intended by the manufacturer.
    Keep all extremities clear from moving parts to avoid injury. Use appropriate positioning, speed and controlled
movements.
    Do not use any equipment that is damaged and/or has worn or broken parts.
[5] Obtain a medical exam prior to beginning an exercise program.
    If at any time during exercise you feel faint, dizzy or experience pain, stop and consult your physician.
   Children must not be allowed to operate these machines. All minors and those with known physical limitations
must be supervised.
SERIOUS injury could occur if the following safetyprecautions are not observed. Disponível em: <http://www.marpokinetics.com/pdf/vmx_manual.pdf>. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2017. Adaptado.

The text says that

The role of consumerism in climate change

[1]        Money doesn’t buy happiness. Neither does materialism: research shows that people who place
[2]  a high value on wealth, status, and stuff are more depressed and anxious and less sociable than those
[3]  who do not. Now new research shows that materialism is not just a personal problem. It’s also
[4]  environmental.
[5]        A study published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology shows that the stuff we consume — from
[6]  food to knick-knacks — is responsible for up to 60 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions and
[7]  between 50 and 80 percent of total land, material, and water use. “We all like to put the blame on
[8]  someone else, the government, or businesses, but between 60-80 percent of the impacts on the planet
[9]  come from household consumption. If we change our consumption habits, this would have a drastic
[10]  effect on our environmental footprint as well,” Diana Ivanova, a PhD candidate at the Norwegian
[11]  University of Science and Technology and lead author on the study, said in a press release. According

[12]  to the study, about four-fifths of the environmental impact of consumerism comes not from direct
[13]  behaviors like driving cars or taking long showers, but rather from sources further down our products’
[14]  supply chains. The amount of water that goes into a hamburger or frozen pizza, for example, proved
[15]  much more significant than showering and dish washing habits.
[16]        To figure this all out, Ivanova and her colleagues used economic data from most of the world
[17]  and looked at different product sectors, including supply chain information.They found
[18]  that consumerism was much higher in rich countries than in poor countries (surprise!) and that those
[19]  with the highest rates of consumerism had up to 5.5 times the environmental impact as the world
[20]  average. The U.S., they reported, had the highest per capita emissions with 18.6 tonnes CO2
[21]  equivalent (“CO2 equivalent” is a metric that rolls multiple types greenhouse gas emissions into one).
[22]  Luxembourg had 18.5 tonnes, and Australia came in third with 17.7 tonnes. The world average, for
[23]  comparison, was 3.4 tonnes, and China had just 1.8 tonnes.
[24]        So if you’re like me and occasionally use the individual-action-doesn’t-matter rationale, it’s time
[25]  to face the music: Consumerism is killing the planet (and our souls).
Adapted from:< http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/news/releases/consumerism-and-its-antisocial-effects-can-beturned-
onor-off.html> and < http://grist.org/living/consumerism-plays-a-huge-role-in-climate-change/>
Acessed on September 1st, 2016.

Considerando as informações dadas no texto e as regras gramaticais para a formação dos graus comparativo e superlativo dos adjetivos em inglês, escolha a alternativa correta.

The role of consumerism in climate change

[1]        Money doesn’t buy happiness. Neither does materialism: research shows that people who place
[2]  a high value on wealth, status, and stuff are more depressed and anxious and less sociable than those
[3]  who do not. Now new research shows that materialism is not just a personal problem. It’s also
[4]  environmental.
[5]        A study published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology shows that the stuff we consume — from
[6]  food to knick-knacks — is responsible for up to 60 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions and
[7]  between 50 and 80 percent of total land, material, and water use. “We all like to put the blame on
[8]  someone else, the government, or businesses, but between 60-80 percent of the impacts on the planet
[9]  come from household consumption. If we change our consumption habits, this would have a drastic
[10]  effect on our environmental footprint as well,” Diana Ivanova, a PhD candidate at the Norwegian
[11]  University of Science and Technology and lead author on the study, said in a press release. According

[12]  to the study, about four-fifths of the environmental impact of consumerism comes not from direct
[13]  behaviors like driving cars or taking long showers, but rather from sources further down our products’
[14]  supply chains. The amount of water that goes into a hamburger or frozen pizza, for example, proved
[15]  much more significant than showering and dish washing habits.
[16]        To figure this all out, Ivanova and her colleagues used economic data from most of the world
[17]  and looked at different product sectors, including supply chain information.They found
[18]  that consumerism was much higher in rich countries than in poor countries (surprise!) and that those
[19]  with the highest rates of consumerism had up to 5.5 times the environmental impact as the world
[20]  average. The U.S., they reported, had the highest per capita emissions with 18.6 tonnes CO2
[21]  equivalent (“CO2 equivalent” is a metric that rolls multiple types greenhouse gas emissions into one).
[22]  Luxembourg had 18.5 tonnes, and Australia came in third with 17.7 tonnes. The world average, for
[23]  comparison, was 3.4 tonnes, and China had just 1.8 tonnes.
[24]        So if you’re like me and occasionally use the individual-action-doesn’t-matter rationale, it’s time
[25]  to face the music: Consumerism is killing the planet (and our souls).
Adapted from:< http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/news/releases/consumerism-and-its-antisocial-effects-can-beturned-
onor-off.html> and < http://grist.org/living/consumerism-plays-a-huge-role-in-climate-change/>
Acessed on September 1st, 2016.

A transposição correta da frase “Ivanova and her colleagues used economic data” (linha 16) para a voz passiva está apresentada na alternativa:

[1]        The ideas began with what seemed to be a minor difference of opinion between John and me on
[2]  a matter of small importance: how much one should maintain one's own motorcycle. It seems natural
[3]  and normal to me to make use of the small tool kits and instruction booklets supplied with each
[4]  machine, and keep it tuned and adjusted myself. John demurs. He prefers to let a competent mechanic
[5]  take care of these things so that they are done right. Neither viewpoint is unusual, and this minor
[6]  difference would never have become magnified if we didn't spend so much time riding together and
[7]  sitting in country roadhouses drinking beer and talking about whatever comes to mind. What comes to
[8]  mind, usually, is whatever we've been thinking about in the half hour or forty-five minutes since we last
[9]  talked to each other. When it's roads or weather or people or old memories or what's in the newpapers,
[10]  the conversation just naturally builds pleasantly. But whenever the performance of the machines has been
[11]  on my mind and gets into the conversation, the building stops. The conversation no longer moves
[12]  forward. There is a silence and a break in the continuity. It is as though two old friends, a Catholic and
[13]  Protestant, were sitting drinking beer, enjoying life, and the subject of birth control somehow came up.
[14]  Big freeze-out.
[15]        (…)
[16]        When you're talking birth control, what blocks it and freezes it out is that it's not a matter of more
[17]  or fewer babies being argued. That's just on the surface. What's underneath is a conflict of faith, of faith
[18]  in empirical social planning versus faith in the authority of God as revealed by the teachings of the
[19]  Catholic Church. You can prove the practicality of planned parenthood till you get tired of listening to
[20]  yourself and it's going to go nowhere because your antagonist isn't buying the assumption that
[21]  anything socially practical is good per se. Goodness for him has other sources which he values as
[22]  much as or more than social practicality.

(Excerpt from Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, By Robert M. Pirsig. New York: Harpertorch, 1974)

A expressão “birth control” (l. 16) tem como expressão sinônima

The word “actually” is closest in meaning to