Questões de Inglês

Our (Im)perfect bodies

 

Since I write a lot about positive body image, you’d think that I am well over the idea that weight

should be something that I allow to define my life. Yet, the vestiges of my past life as a woman

obsessed with weight still linger. A good example is vacation pictures. If I show you pictures of all

the places I have been in my Iife, I can give you minute details about the place itself, the food, the

[5]  sights and the weather. I can also tell you something else simply by looking at those pictures: the

exact number on the scale I was at that particular time in my life.

Sometimes my past catches up with me. I like to think of myself as a recovering weight-a-holic.

The fear of being overweight is a constant one of despair at not being personally successful in

controlling your own body. What good is being in control of finances, major companies and

[10]  businesses if you’re not in control of your body?! Silly idea, right? And yet that is exactly the

unconscious thought many intelligent women have.

Feeling satisfied with your appearance makes a tremendous amount of difference in how you

present yourself to the world. Some women live their entire lives on their perception of their

physical selves. But I’ve been there, done that. The hell with that idea! Personally, I became tired

[15]  of living my Iife this way.

My friend is an art historian who specializes in the Renaissance period. Talking with him recently gave

me a perspective on body image. As we walked through the permanent exhibit of Renaissance

Art in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, he pointed out the paintings done of women.

The women came in all sizes, all shapes. Some were curvier than others, but all were beautiful.

[20]  Some had what we refer to as love handles; some had soft, fuller stomachs that had never suffered

through crunches in a gym. Though I had seen them many times, it was actually refreshing to view

them in a new light.

We are led to believe our self-worth must be a reflection of our looks. So, in essence, if we don’t

believe we look good, we assume we have no worth! Yet, self-worth should have nothing to do

[25]  with looks and everything to do with an innate feeling that you really are worth it. You are worth

going after your dreams, you are worth being in a good relationship, you are worth living a life that

fulfills and nourishes you, and you are certainly worthy of being a successful woman.

There is a quote attributed to Michelangelo that I’ve always admired. When a friend complimented

him on the glorious Sistine Chapel, the great artist, referring to his art in the feminine form, was

[30]  said to have replied: “She is worthy of admiration simply because she exists; perfection and

imperfection together”.

BRISTEN HOUGHTON

Adaptado de twitter.com.

Though I had seen them many times, (l. 21)

The typical use of the underlined verb form signals the following aspect of this action:

Our (Im)perfect bodies

 

Since I write a lot about positive body image, you’d think that I am well over the idea that weight

should be something that I allow to define my life. Yet, the vestiges of my past life as a woman

obsessed with weight still linger. A good example is vacation pictures. If I show you pictures of all

the places I have been in my Iife, I can give you minute details about the place itself, the food, the

[5]  sights and the weather. I can also tell you something else simply by looking at those pictures: the

exact number on the scale I was at that particular time in my life.

Sometimes my past catches up with me. I like to think of myself as a recovering weight-a-holic.

The fear of being overweight is a constant one of despair at not being personally successful in

controlling your own body. What good is being in control of finances, major companies and

[10]  businesses if you’re not in control of your body?! Silly idea, right? And yet that is exactly the

unconscious thought many intelligent women have.

Feeling satisfied with your appearance makes a tremendous amount of difference in how you

present yourself to the world. Some women live their entire lives on their perception of their

physical selves. But I’ve been there, done that. The hell with that idea! Personally, I became tired

[15]  of living my Iife this way.

My friend is an art historian who specializes in the Renaissance period. Talking with him recently gave

me a perspective on body image. As we walked through the permanent exhibit of Renaissance

Art in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, he pointed out the paintings done of women.

The women came in all sizes, all shapes. Some were curvier than others, but all were beautiful.

[20]  Some had what we refer to as love handles; some had soft, fuller stomachs that had never suffered

through crunches in a gym. Though I had seen them many times, it was actually refreshing to view

them in a new light.

We are led to believe our self-worth must be a reflection of our looks. So, in essence, if we don’t

believe we look good, we assume we have no worth! Yet, self-worth should have nothing to do

[25]  with looks and everything to do with an innate feeling that you really are worth it. You are worth

going after your dreams, you are worth being in a good relationship, you are worth living a life that

fulfills and nourishes you, and you are certainly worthy of being a successful woman.

There is a quote attributed to Michelangelo that I’ve always admired. When a friend complimented

him on the glorious Sistine Chapel, the great artist, referring to his art in the feminine form, was

[30]  said to have replied: “She is worthy of admiration simply because she exists; perfection and

imperfection together”.

BRISTEN HOUGHTON

Adaptado de twitter.com.

But I’ve been there, done that. (l. 14)

The underlined expression refers to the author’s experiencing the situation described below:

Our (Im)perfect bodies

 

Since I write a lot about positive body image, you’d think that I am well over the idea that weight

should be something that I allow to define my life. Yet, the vestiges of my past life as a woman

obsessed with weight still linger. A good example is vacation pictures. If I show you pictures of all

the places I have been in my Iife, I can give you minute details about the place itself, the food, the

[5]  sights and the weather. I can also tell you something else simply by looking at those pictures: the

exact number on the scale I was at that particular time in my life.

Sometimes my past catches up with me. I like to think of myself as a recovering weight-a-holic.

The fear of being overweight is a constant one of despair at not being personally successful in

controlling your own body. What good is being in control of finances, major companies and

[10]  businesses if you’re not in control of your body?! Silly idea, right? And yet that is exactly the

unconscious thought many intelligent women have.

Feeling satisfied with your appearance makes a tremendous amount of difference in how you

present yourself to the world. Some women live their entire lives on their perception of their

physical selves. But I’ve been there, done that. The hell with that idea! Personally, I became tired

[15]  of living my Iife this way.

My friend is an art historian who specializes in the Renaissance period. Talking with him recently gave

me a perspective on body image. As we walked through the permanent exhibit of Renaissance

Art in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, he pointed out the paintings done of women.

The women came in all sizes, all shapes. Some were curvier than others, but all were beautiful.

[20]  Some had what we refer to as love handles; some had soft, fuller stomachs that had never suffered

through crunches in a gym. Though I had seen them many times, it was actually refreshing to view

them in a new light.

We are led to believe our self-worth must be a reflection of our looks. So, in essence, if we don’t

believe we look good, we assume we have no worth! Yet, self-worth should have nothing to do

[25]  with looks and everything to do with an innate feeling that you really are worth it. You are worth

going after your dreams, you are worth being in a good relationship, you are worth living a life that

fulfills and nourishes you, and you are certainly worthy of being a successful woman.

There is a quote attributed to Michelangelo that I’ve always admired. When a friend complimented

him on the glorious Sistine Chapel, the great artist, referring to his art in the feminine form, was

[30]  said to have replied: “She is worthy of admiration simply because she exists; perfection and

imperfection together”.

BRISTEN HOUGHTON

Adaptado de twitter.com.

the exact number on the scale I was at that particular time in my life. (l. 5-6)

Concerning the author’s feelings, the statement above illustrates the following fact:

Our (Im)perfect bodies

 

Since I write a lot about positive body image, you’d think that I am well over the idea that weight

should be something that I allow to define my life. Yet, the vestiges of my past life as a woman

obsessed with weight still linger. A good example is vacation pictures. If I show you pictures of all

the places I have been in my Iife, I can give you minute details about the place itself, the food, the

[5]  sights and the weather. I can also tell you something else simply by looking at those pictures: the

exact number on the scale I was at that particular time in my life.

Sometimes my past catches up with me. I like to think of myself as a recovering weight-a-holic.

The fear of being overweight is a constant one of despair at not being personally successful in

controlling your own body. What good is being in control of finances, major companies and

[10]  businesses if you’re not in control of your body?! Silly idea, right? And yet that is exactly the

unconscious thought many intelligent women have.

Feeling satisfied with your appearance makes a tremendous amount of difference in how you

present yourself to the world. Some women live their entire lives on their perception of their

physical selves. But I’ve been there, done that. The hell with that idea! Personally, I became tired

[15]  of living my Iife this way.

My friend is an art historian who specializes in the Renaissance period. Talking with him recently gave

me a perspective on body image. As we walked through the permanent exhibit of Renaissance

Art in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, he pointed out the paintings done of women.

The women came in all sizes, all shapes. Some were curvier than others, but all were beautiful.

[20]  Some had what we refer to as love handles; some had soft, fuller stomachs that had never suffered

through crunches in a gym. Though I had seen them many times, it was actually refreshing to view

them in a new light.

We are led to believe our self-worth must be a reflection of our looks. So, in essence, if we don’t

believe we look good, we assume we have no worth! Yet, self-worth should have nothing to do

[25]  with looks and everything to do with an innate feeling that you really are worth it. You are worth

going after your dreams, you are worth being in a good relationship, you are worth living a life that

fulfills and nourishes you, and you are certainly worthy of being a successful woman.

There is a quote attributed to Michelangelo that I’ve always admired. When a friend complimented

him on the glorious Sistine Chapel, the great artist, referring to his art in the feminine form, was

[30]  said to have replied: “She is worthy of admiration simply because she exists; perfection and

imperfection together”.

BRISTEN HOUGHTON

Adaptado de twitter.com.

The texts “O poder criativo da imperfeição” and “Our (im)perfect bodies” discuss the concept of perfection, using examples from their respective areas.

The sentence that best represents the idea discussed in both texts is:

In the sentences “Zika wfas finally confirmed as the culprit in April 2015” (lines 19-20) and “The current studies provide a higher-resolution look at the timing of the epidemic’s spread” (lines 103-105), the verb forms are respectively in the

T E X T

    Researchers used genetic
information from Zika virus to follow its
spread among affected regions in South
and Central America and the Caribbean.
[5]    The Zika virus probably arrived in
the Western Hemisphere from
somewhere in the Pacific more than a
year before it was detected, a new
genetic analysis of the epidemic shows.
[10] Researchers also found that as Zika
fanned outward from Brazil, it entered
neighboring countries and South Florida
multiple times without being noticed.
    Although Zika quietly took root in
[15] northeastern Brazil in late 2013 or early
2014, many months passed before
Brazilian health authorities received
reports of unexplained fever and skin
rashes. Zika was finally confirmed as the
[20] culprit in April 2015.
    The World Health Organization did
not declare the epidemic a public health
emergency until February 2016, after
babies of Zika-infected mothers began to
[25] be born with severe neurological
problems. Zika, which is carried by
mosquitoes, infected an estimated 1
million people in Brazil alone in 2015, and
is now thought to be transmitted in 84
[30] countries worldwide.
    Although Zika’s path was
documented starting in 2015 through
records of human cases, less was known
about how the virus spread so silently
[35] before detection, or how outbreaks in
different parts of Central and South
America were connected. Now two groups
working independently, reporting online
May 24 in Nature, have compared
[40] samples from different times and
locations to read the history recorded in
random mutations of the virus’s 10
genes.
    One team, led by scientists in the
[45] United Kingdom and Brazil, drove more
than 1,200 miles across Brazil — “a Top
Gear–style road trip,” one scientist
quipped — with a portable device that
could produce a complete catalog of the
[50] virus’s genes in less than a day. A second
team, led by researchers at the Broad
Institute of MIT and Harvard, analyzed
more than 100 Zika genomes from
infected patients and mosquitoes in nine
[55] countries and Puerto Rico. Based on
where the cases originated, and the
estimated rate at which genetic changes
appear, the scientists re-created Zika’s
evolutionary timeline. Together, the
[60] studies revealed an epidemic that was

silently churning long before anyone
knew. “We found that in each of the
regions we could analyze, Zika virus
circulated undetected for many months,
[65] up to a year or longer, before the first
locally transmitted cases were reported,”
says Bronwyn MacInnis, an infectious
disease geneticist at the Broad Institute,
in Cambridge, Mass. “This means the
[70] outbreak in these regions was under way
much earlier than previously thought.”
    Although the epidemic exploded out
of Brazil, the scientists also found a
remote possibility of early settlement in
[75] the Caribbean. “It’s not immediately clear
whether Zika stopped off somewhere else
in the Americas before it got to northeast
Brazil,” said Oliver Pybus, who studies
evolution and infectious disease at the
[80] University of Oxford in England.
    In a third study reported in Nature,
researchers from 30 different institutions
followed a trail of genetic clues to
determine when and how Zika made its
[85] way to Florida. Those researchers
concluded that Zika was introduced
multiple times into the Miami area, most
likely from the Caribbean, before local
mosquitoes picked it up. The number of
[90] human cases increased in step with the
rise in mosquito populations, said Kristian
Andersen, an infectious disease
researcher at the Scripps Research
Institute in La Jolla, Calif. “Focusing on
[95] getting rid of mosquitoes is an effective
way of preventing human cases,” he
says.
    Previous studies have found traces
of the virus’s footprints across the
[100] Americas, but none included so many
different samples, says Young-Min Lee of
Utah State University, who has also
studied Zika’s genes. The current studies
provide a higher-resolution look at the
[105] timing of the epidemic’s spread, he says,
but in terms of Zika’s origins and
progression from country to country,
“overall the big picture is consistent with
what we suspected.”
[110]    In addition to revealing Zika’s
history, genetic studies are also valuable
in fighting current and future disease
outbreaks. Since diagnostic tests and
even vaccine development are based on
[115] Zika’s genetics, it’s important to monitor
mutations during an outbreak.
Researchers developed quick-turnaround
genomic analyses for Ebola in recent
years, for example, that could aid a
[120] faster response during the next
outbreak.
    In the future, faster analysis of viral
threats in the field might improve the
odds of stopping the next epidemic, Lee
[125] says. It’s possible for a single infected 

traveler stepping off a plane to spark an
epidemic long before doctors notice. “If
one introduction [of a virus] can cause an
outbreak, you have a very narrow
window to try to contain it.”

Science News, Magazine of the Society for Science & the Public. The Zica epidemic began long before anyone noticed. Vol.191, No.12, May 24, 2017, p. 12.

The nouns “virus” (line 2), “genetics” (line 115), “epidemic” (line 09), and “analyses” (line 118) are respectively