Questões de Inglês

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China’s myopia epidemic: why a simple solution is being ignored

 

“Myopia rates have shot up in the last two decades,” Shanghai ophthalmologist Xu Xun says, as we speak in a conference room at the treatment centre. “According to our statistics, between 10 per cent and 20 per cent of primary school pupils start classes with myopia. Then the percentage rises to up to 50 per cent for secondary school students. In university, 90 per cent are short-sighted.”

 

The growing prevalence of myopia is not only a Chinese problem, but it is an especially East Asian one. According to a study published in The Lancet medical journal in 2012, by Ian Morgan, of the Australian National University, South Korea leads the pack, with 96 per cent of young adults (below the age 20) having myopia; and the rate for Seoul is even higher. In Taiwan, 85 per cent of young adults are myopic, according to the study, and in Singapore, the figure is 82 per cent.

 

But why are Asian children particularly prone to myopia? Although the question tends to create a heated discussion among doctors, Xu doesn’t hesitate when answering.

 

“First of all, it’s not genetic. We’ve done many studies and that is something we are sure of.

 

“It’s a quite recent phenomenon. In the 1960s, only 20 per cent of the Chinese population was short-sighted. We can argue checks were not so common at that time, but the gap is still large. And genetic changes take much longer to shape. Plus, myopia is mostly prevalent in urban areas, while the rates in the countryside are noticeably lower.”

http://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/2085125/chinas-myopia-epidemic-why-simple-solution-being

 

De acordo com o texto, é CORRETO afirmar que

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'I Was Hooked': Bodybuilder Rich Piana Defended His 27 Years of Steroid Use Before His Shocking Death at 46

 

Before his death, bodybuilder Rich Piana was outspoken about his near 30 years of steroid usage despite admitting time and time again that the drug “can kill you.”The former Mr. California’s death was confirmed Friday morning in a Facebook post by his estranged wife Sara Piana — just two weeks after TMZ Sports reported he was placed in a medically induced coma after passing out in his Florida home, where 20 bottles of testosterone were reportedly found by police. With an Instagram following of 1.2 million users and hundreds and thousands of viewers following his YouTube channel, Piana had a large audience of fans — many of which were young men, who would flock to bodybuilding and fitness conventions to meet the 46-year-old star.

But though Piana was open about his drug use, he maintained that he was “not bragging” or encouraging steroid use in others. Instead, Piana claimed he used his platform to educate those who were going to use them on how to use the drugs “properly.”

http://people.com/bodies/rich-piana-death-steroid-use-quotes/

 

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o propósito comunicativo do texto

TEXTO:

 

    During a total solar eclipse, the sky darkens to twilight
levels and air temperatures drop. Over the centuries,
people who have witnessed these effects have also
noted that a variety of animals seem to change their
[5] behaviors in response.
    Reports of unusual animal reactions to solar eclipses
date back centuries. One of the earliest stories comes
from Italian monk Ristoro d'Arezzo, who described what
happened during a total eclipse on June 3, 1239. As
[10] the sun disappeared and the sky turned dark, “all the
animals and birds were terrified; and the wild beasts
could easily be caught,” he wrote.
    During an eclipse seen in Portugal on August 21,
1560, astronomer Christoph Clavius wrote that during
[15] totality, “stars appeared in the sky and the birds fell
down from the sky to the ground in terror of such horrid
darkness.”
    While it’s hard to confirm such colorful anecdotes
from history, modern astronomers and eclipse chasers
[20] have also reported wild and domestic animals noticeably
reacting to eclipses: Dairy cows return to the barn,
crickets begin chirping, birds either go to roost or
become more active, and whales breach in the seas.
    Eclipse-chaser and author Dave Balch was in Kona,
[25] Hawaii, for the 1991 total eclipse and noticed excited
activity among the birds along the pier during the partial
phases before and after totality. “We could hardly hear
each other talk! Then came totality – not a sound. It was
deathly quiet. The difference between the noise levels
[30] before and during totality was stunning.”

DURING a total... Disponível em: https://news.nationalgeog raphic.com/2017/08/animals-react-total-solar-eclipse-augustspace-science/. Acesso em: 11 jan. 2018. Adaptado.

The conjunction “While” (l. 18) is synonymous with

TEXTO:

 

    During a total solar eclipse, the sky darkens to twilight
levels and air temperatures drop. Over the centuries,
people who have witnessed these effects have also
noted that a variety of animals seem to change their
[5] behaviors in response.
    Reports of unusual animal reactions to solar eclipses
date back centuries. One of the earliest stories comes
from Italian monk Ristoro d'Arezzo, who described what
happened during a total eclipse on June 3, 1239. As
[10] the sun disappeared and the sky turned dark, “all the
animals and birds were terrified; and the wild beasts
could easily be caught,” he wrote.
    During an eclipse seen in Portugal on August 21,
1560, astronomer Christoph Clavius wrote that during
[15] totality, “stars appeared in the sky and the birds fell
down from the sky to the ground in terror of such horrid
darkness.”
    While it’s hard to confirm such colorful anecdotes
from history, modern astronomers and eclipse chasers
[20] have also reported wild and domestic animals noticeably
reacting to eclipses: Dairy cows return to the barn,
crickets begin chirping, birds either go to roost or
become more active, and whales breach in the seas.
    Eclipse-chaser and author Dave Balch was in Kona,
[25] Hawaii, for the 1991 total eclipse and noticed excited
activity among the birds along the pier during the partial
phases before and after totality. “We could hardly hear
each other talk! Then came totality – not a sound. It was
deathly quiet. The difference between the noise levels
[30] before and during totality was stunning.”

DURING a total... Disponível em: https://news.nationalgeog raphic.com/2017/08/animals-react-total-solar-eclipse-augustspace-science/. Acesso em: 11 jan. 2018. Adaptado.

David Balch says that, during totality in the 1991 eclipse in Hawaii, the birds

TEXTO:

 

    During a total solar eclipse, the sky darkens to twilight
levels and air temperatures drop. Over the centuries,
people who have witnessed these effects have also
noted that a variety of animals seem to change their
[5] behaviors in response.
    Reports of unusual animal reactions to solar eclipses
date back centuries. One of the earliest stories comes
from Italian monk Ristoro d'Arezzo, who described what
happened during a total eclipse on June 3, 1239. As
[10] the sun disappeared and the sky turned dark, “all the
animals and birds were terrified; and the wild beasts
could easily be caught,” he wrote.
    During an eclipse seen in Portugal on August 21,
1560, astronomer Christoph Clavius wrote that during
[15] totality, “stars appeared in the sky and the birds fell
down from the sky to the ground in terror of such horrid
darkness.”
    While it’s hard to confirm such colorful anecdotes
from history, modern astronomers and eclipse chasers
[20] have also reported wild and domestic animals noticeably
reacting to eclipses: Dairy cows return to the barn,
crickets begin chirping, birds either go to roost or
become more active, and whales breach in the seas.
    Eclipse-chaser and author Dave Balch was in Kona,
[25] Hawaii, for the 1991 total eclipse and noticed excited
activity among the birds along the pier during the partial
phases before and after totality. “We could hardly hear
each other talk! Then came totality – not a sound. It was
deathly quiet. The difference between the noise levels
[30] before and during totality was stunning.”

DURING a total... Disponível em: https://news.nationalgeog raphic.com/2017/08/animals-react-total-solar-eclipse-augustspace-science/. Acesso em: 11 jan. 2018. Adaptado.

Considering some old reports of animal reactions to solar eclipses by Ristoro d’Arezzo and Christoph Clavius, the text says that

TEXTO:

 

    During a total solar eclipse, the sky darkens to twilight
levels and air temperatures drop. Over the centuries,
people who have witnessed these effects have also
noted that a variety of animals seem to change their
[5] behaviors in response.
    Reports of unusual animal reactions to solar eclipses
date back centuries. One of the earliest stories comes
from Italian monk Ristoro d'Arezzo, who described what
happened during a total eclipse on June 3, 1239. As
[10] the sun disappeared and the sky turned dark, “all the
animals and birds were terrified; and the wild beasts
could easily be caught,” he wrote.
    During an eclipse seen in Portugal on August 21,
1560, astronomer Christoph Clavius wrote that during
[15] totality, “stars appeared in the sky and the birds fell
down from the sky to the ground in terror of such horrid
darkness.”
    While it’s hard to confirm such colorful anecdotes
from history, modern astronomers and eclipse chasers
[20] have also reported wild and domestic animals noticeably
reacting to eclipses: Dairy cows return to the barn,
crickets begin chirping, birds either go to roost or
become more active, and whales breach in the seas.
    Eclipse-chaser and author Dave Balch was in Kona,
[25] Hawaii, for the 1991 total eclipse and noticed excited
activity among the birds along the pier during the partial
phases before and after totality. “We could hardly hear
each other talk! Then came totality – not a sound. It was
deathly quiet. The difference between the noise levels
[30] before and during totality was stunning.”

DURING a total... Disponível em: https://news.nationalgeog raphic.com/2017/08/animals-react-total-solar-eclipse-augustspace-science/. Acesso em: 11 jan. 2018. Adaptado.

When a total solar eclipse takes place,