Questões de Inglês

INSTRUCTION: Answer questions according to the text below.

Fake News, Loss of Privacy Are Hurting the Internet, Mozilla Says

    Major challenges facing the Internet include a collapse of privacy protections, the unabated

spread of fake news, and the consolidation of power at giant tech companies, according to a new

Internet Health Report ffom Mozilla, the nonprofit creator of the Firefox browser and other open-source

software.

[05]    Many people “have started to argue that technology companies are becoming too dominant;

social media has been weaponized as a tool of harassment; our personal information has been stolen:

and democratic processes have been undermined by the manipulation of online media and ads”, the

report says.

    Mozilla called on Internet users to take action by learning how to better protect their privacy and

[10] to identify misinformation. [...] Mark Surman, executive director of the Mozilla Foundation, said [...]

“Consumers, governments and technologists need to push for fair competition, open innovation,

interoperability and standards so the Internet can evolve in more healthy and humane ways”.

    The report says indicators related to access, affordability, and the use of encryption are “getting

a bit better”, while censorship, online harassment, and energy use are getting worse.

[15]    The lengthy report [...] addresses several issues, but focuses on privacy risks, fake news, and

tech consolidation as three major issues to address.

    A loss of privacy: The report looks at insecure Internet-of-things devices as a serious problem

for privacy, with fitness tracks, kitchen appliances, and light bulbs all starting to connect to the larger

Internet. The “attack surface” of the Internet is growing [...] “Do cars share our driving habits with

[20] insurance companies? Do vacuum cleaners trade in information about the layout of our homes?”.

    Fake news on the rise: Recent political campaigns in the United States and other countries

have been marred by the spread of misinformation, [...] As more people get their news from social

media, they depend on websites that display the content that attracts the most attention. “This ends up

favoring headlines that scream for reactions”, the report says. Online misinformation is a major threat

[25] to the health of the Internet and all of the societies it touches because of the potential for political

disorder, undermining of the truth, hatred and rumors that spread in conflict or disasters”, the report

says.

    Big tech consolidation: A handful of huge tech companies have become “intertwined not only

with our daily lives, but with all aspects of the global economy, civic discourse, and democracy itself”,

[30] [...]. These large companies have brought several benefits by helping communication, creativity, and

commerce flourish, the report says. But some of the major online companies have become “too big”.

The problem isn't that these companies have billion-dollar valuations, hundreds of millions of users, or

large acquisition portfolios,” the report adds. “Through monopolistic business practices [...] they

undermine privacy, openness, and competition on the Web”.

[35] The report calls on Internet users to take action to improve its health. Mozilla [...] asks users to model

good practices, such as learning about online data collection practices, learning how to identify online

abuse, and improve their “crap detection” skills.

Adapted from: https://www .internetsociety.org/blog/2018/04/fake-news-loss-privacy-hurting internet-mozilla-says/  Acessed on: August 22nd, 2018.

INSTRUCTION: Answer questions according to the text below.

Fake News, Loss of Privacy Are Hurting the Internet, Mozilla Says

    Major challenges facing the Internet include a collapse of privacy protections, the unabated

spread of fake news, and the consolidation of power at giant tech companies, according to a new

Internet Health Report ffom Mozilla, the nonprofit creator of the Firefox browser and other open-source

software.

[05]    Many people “have started to argue that technology companies are becoming too dominant;

social media has been weaponized as a tool of harassment; our personal information has been stolen:

and democratic processes have been undermined by the manipulation of online media and ads”, the

report says.

    Mozilla called on Internet users to take action by learning how to better protect their privacy and

[10] to identify misinformation. [...] Mark Surman, executive director of the Mozilla Foundation, said [...]

“Consumers, governments and technologists need to push for fair competition, open innovation,

interoperability and standards so the Internet can evolve in more healthy and humane ways”.

    The report says indicators related to access, affordability, and the use of encryption are “getting

a bit better”, while censorship, online harassment, and energy use are getting worse.

[15]    The lengthy report [...] addresses several issues, but focuses on privacy risks, fake news, and

tech consolidation as three major issues to address.

    A loss of privacy: The report looks at insecure Internet-of-things devices as a serious problem

for privacy, with fitness tracks, kitchen appliances, and light bulbs all starting to connect to the larger

Internet. The “attack surface” of the Internet is growing [...] “Do cars share our driving habits with

[20] insurance companies? Do vacuum cleaners trade in information about the layout of our homes?”.

    Fake news on the rise: Recent political campaigns in the United States and other countries

have been marred by the spread of misinformation, [...] As more people get their news from social

media, they depend on websites that display the content that attracts the most attention. “This ends up

favoring headlines that scream for reactions”, the report says. Online misinformation is a major threat

[25] to the health of the Internet and all of the societies it touches because of the potential for political

disorder, undermining of the truth, hatred and rumors that spread in conflict or disasters”, the report

says.

    Big tech consolidation: A handful of huge tech companies have become “intertwined not only

with our daily lives, but with all aspects of the global economy, civic discourse, and democracy itself”,

[30] [...]. These large companies have brought several benefits by helping communication, creativity, and

commerce flourish, the report says. But some of the major online companies have become “too big”.

The problem isn't that these companies have billion-dollar valuations, hundreds of millions of users, or

large acquisition portfolios,” the report adds. “Through monopolistic business practices [...] they

undermine privacy, openness, and competition on the Web”.

[35] The report calls on Internet users to take action to improve its health. Mozilla [...] asks users to model

good practices, such as learning about online data collection practices, learning how to identify online

abuse, and improve their “crap detection” skills.

Adapted from: https://www .internetsociety.org/blog/2018/04/fake-news-loss-privacy-hurting internet-mozilla-says/  Acessed on: August 22nd, 2018.

INSTRUCTION: Answer questions according to the text below.

Fake News, Loss of Privacy Are Hurting the Internet, Mozilla Says

    Major challenges facing the Internet include a collapse of privacy protections, the unabated

spread of fake news, and the consolidation of power at giant tech companies, according to a new

Internet Health Report ffom Mozilla, the nonprofit creator of the Firefox browser and other open-source

software.

[05]    Many people “have started to argue that technology companies are becoming too dominant;

social media has been weaponized as a tool of harassment; our personal information has been stolen:

and democratic processes have been undermined by the manipulation of online media and ads”, the

report says.

    Mozilla called on Internet users to take action by learning how to better protect their privacy and

[10] to identify misinformation. [...] Mark Surman, executive director of the Mozilla Foundation, said [...]

“Consumers, governments and technologists need to push for fair competition, open innovation,

interoperability and standards so the Internet can evolve in more healthy and humane ways”.

    The report says indicators related to access, affordability, and the use of encryption are “getting

a bit better”, while censorship, online harassment, and energy use are getting worse.

[15]    The lengthy report [...] addresses several issues, but focuses on privacy risks, fake news, and

tech consolidation as three major issues to address.

    A loss of privacy: The report looks at insecure Internet-of-things devices as a serious problem

for privacy, with fitness tracks, kitchen appliances, and light bulbs all starting to connect to the larger

Internet. The “attack surface” of the Internet is growing [...] “Do cars share our driving habits with

[20] insurance companies? Do vacuum cleaners trade in information about the layout of our homes?”.

    Fake news on the rise: Recent political campaigns in the United States and other countries

have been marred by the spread of misinformation, [...] As more people get their news from social

media, they depend on websites that display the content that attracts the most attention. “This ends up

favoring headlines that scream for reactions”, the report says. Online misinformation is a major threat

[25] to the health of the Internet and all of the societies it touches because of the potential for political

disorder, undermining of the truth, hatred and rumors that spread in conflict or disasters”, the report

says.

    Big tech consolidation: A handful of huge tech companies have become “intertwined not only

with our daily lives, but with all aspects of the global economy, civic discourse, and democracy itself”,

[30] [...]. These large companies have brought several benefits by helping communication, creativity, and

commerce flourish, the report says. But some of the major online companies have become “too big”.

The problem isn't that these companies have billion-dollar valuations, hundreds of millions of users, or

large acquisition portfolios,” the report adds. “Through monopolistic business practices [...] they

undermine privacy, openness, and competition on the Web”.

[35] The report calls on Internet users to take action to improve its health. Mozilla [...] asks users to model

good practices, such as learning about online data collection practices, learning how to identify online

abuse, and improve their “crap detection” skills.

Adapted from: https://www .internetsociety.org/blog/2018/04/fake-news-loss-privacy-hurting internet-mozilla-says/  Acessed on: August 22nd, 2018.

O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Is Brazil safe to visit?

Offering pristine nature and access to the Amazon rainforest, historic cities and colonial architecture, and lots of affordable food and activities, Brazil will have some something for every traveler. A popular destination for revelers looking to party hard at Carnival as well as a hot spot for adventure junkies and beachgoers, Brazil is a country known for its amazing weather and pristine landscapes. But is it safe? Brazil has a reputation for being a rough and tumble destination, one where travelers need to be extra cautious and on their guard at all times. Here is everything you need to know to stay safe and make the most out of your next trip to Brazil.

To help you stay safe in Brazil, here are 11 tips that will keep both you and your possessions out of harm’s way:

1. Walk with purpose – When out exploring, always walk with purpose. Look like you’re heading somewhere in specific, even if you’re not. Pickpockets and muggers look for travelers who are unsure of themselves. Don’t look like a target.
2. Don’t carry cash – Carry only the minimum cash needed for the day. Keep the rest locked up back in your accommodation.
3. Separate your cards – If you have more than one credit or debit card, keep them separate. Bring one with you for the day (if you think you’ll need it) and leave the other one locked up in your room. That way, should something happen, you always have at least one card.
4. Don’t bring valuables to the beach – When you go to the beach, don’t take anything unnecessary. Towel, bathing suit, and a small amount of cash. That’s it! Anything else you bring is likely to disappear!
5. Dress to fit in – When out and about, dress down and try to fit in. Leave any valuables or jewelry at home. Don’t walk around flashing your camera or phone. If you need to use them, be discreet.
6. Carry a spare wallet – Bring a spare wallet with a small amount of cash in it. That way, if you get robbed or pickpocketed they won’t get your real wallet (where you’ll keep the rest of your cash and cards).
7. Avoid outdoor ATMs – If you need to withdraw cash, only use ATMs inside buildings. Always be aware of your surroundings before you take out your wallet.
8. Double check your accommodation – No matter where you are staying, be sure to check the doors and windows before leaving for the day and before settling in at night. Don’t leave anything valuable lying around your room; lock everything up.
9. Don’t accept free food/drinks – Never accept drinks or food from strangers. Drugging victims before they are robbed is common, so decline free food or drinks from strangers.
10. Watch out for distractions – Thieves will often try to distract you before they rob you. Be mindful of this common scam to help you stay vigilant.
11. Take precautions when driving – If traveling by car, always keep your doors locked. By on guard at stop signs or red lights, especially at night. Many Brazilians won’t even stop for them to avoid the risk of a carjacking. Buy travel insurance before you go just in case you run into trouble. It’s always better to be safe than sorry!

(Disponível em: https://www.nomadicmatt.com/travel-blogs/is-brazil-safe-to-visit/. Acessado em 11 de setembro de 2019. Adaptado.)

O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Is Brazil safe to visit?

Offering pristine nature and access to the Amazon rainforest, historic cities and colonial architecture, and lots of affordable food and activities, Brazil will have some something for every traveler. A popular destination for revelers looking to party hard at Carnival as well as a hot spot for adventure junkies and beachgoers, Brazil is a country known for its amazing weather and pristine landscapes. But is it safe? Brazil has a reputation for being a rough and tumble destination, one where travelers need to be extra cautious and on their guard at all times. Here is everything you need to know to stay safe and make the most out of your next trip to Brazil.

To help you stay safe in Brazil, here are 11 tips that will keep both you and your possessions out of harm’s way:

1. Walk with purpose – When out exploring, always walk with purpose. Look like you’re heading somewhere in specific, even if you’re not. Pickpockets and muggers look for travelers who are unsure of themselves. Don’t look like a target.
2. Don’t carry cash – Carry only the minimum cash needed for the day. Keep the rest locked up back in your accommodation.
3. Separate your cards – If you have more than one credit or debit card, keep them separate. Bring one with you for the day (if you think you’ll need it) and leave the other one locked up in your room. That way, should something happen, you always have at least one card.
4. Don’t bring valuables to the beach – When you go to the beach, don’t take anything unnecessary. Towel, bathing suit, and a small amount of cash. That’s it! Anything else you bring is likely to disappear!
5. Dress to fit in – When out and about, dress down and try to fit in. Leave any valuables or jewelry at home. Don’t walk around flashing your camera or phone. If you need to use them, be discreet.
6. Carry a spare wallet – Bring a spare wallet with a small amount of cash in it. That way, if you get robbed or pickpocketed they won’t get your real wallet (where you’ll keep the rest of your cash and cards).
7. Avoid outdoor ATMs – If you need to withdraw cash, only use ATMs inside buildings. Always be aware of your surroundings before you take out your wallet.
8. Double check your accommodation – No matter where you are staying, be sure to check the doors and windows before leaving for the day and before settling in at night. Don’t leave anything valuable lying around your room; lock everything up.
9. Don’t accept free food/drinks – Never accept drinks or food from strangers. Drugging victims before they are robbed is common, so decline free food or drinks from strangers.
10. Watch out for distractions – Thieves will often try to distract you before they rob you. Be mindful of this common scam to help you stay vigilant.
11. Take precautions when driving – If traveling by car, always keep your doors locked. By on guard at stop signs or red lights, especially at night. Many Brazilians won’t even stop for them to avoid the risk of a carjacking. Buy travel insurance before you go just in case you run into trouble. It’s always better to be safe than sorry!

(Disponível em: https://www.nomadicmatt.com/travel-blogs/is-brazil-safe-to-visit/. Acessado em 11 de setembro de 2019. Adaptado.)

O texto a seguir é referência para a questão.

Is Brazil safe to visit?

Offering pristine nature and access to the Amazon rainforest, historic cities and colonial architecture, and lots of affordable food and activities, Brazil will have some something for every traveler. A popular destination for revelers looking to party hard at Carnival as well as a hot spot for adventure junkies and beachgoers, Brazil is a country known for its amazing weather and pristine landscapes. But is it safe? Brazil has a reputation for being a rough and tumble destination, one where travelers need to be extra cautious and on their guard at all times. Here is everything you need to know to stay safe and make the most out of your next trip to Brazil.

To help you stay safe in Brazil, here are 11 tips that will keep both you and your possessions out of harm’s way:

1. Walk with purpose – When out exploring, always walk with purpose. Look like you’re heading somewhere in specific, even if you’re not. Pickpockets and muggers look for travelers who are unsure of themselves. Don’t look like a target.
2. Don’t carry cash – Carry only the minimum cash needed for the day. Keep the rest locked up back in your accommodation.
3. Separate your cards – If you have more than one credit or debit card, keep them separate. Bring one with you for the day (if you think you’ll need it) and leave the other one locked up in your room. That way, should something happen, you always have at least one card.
4. Don’t bring valuables to the beach – When you go to the beach, don’t take anything unnecessary. Towel, bathing suit, and a small amount of cash. That’s it! Anything else you bring is likely to disappear!
5. Dress to fit in – When out and about, dress down and try to fit in. Leave any valuables or jewelry at home. Don’t walk around flashing your camera or phone. If you need to use them, be discreet.
6. Carry a spare wallet – Bring a spare wallet with a small amount of cash in it. That way, if you get robbed or pickpocketed they won’t get your real wallet (where you’ll keep the rest of your cash and cards).
7. Avoid outdoor ATMs – If you need to withdraw cash, only use ATMs inside buildings. Always be aware of your surroundings before you take out your wallet.
8. Double check your accommodation – No matter where you are staying, be sure to check the doors and windows before leaving for the day and before settling in at night. Don’t leave anything valuable lying around your room; lock everything up.
9. Don’t accept free food/drinks – Never accept drinks or food from strangers. Drugging victims before they are robbed is common, so decline free food or drinks from strangers.
10. Watch out for distractions – Thieves will often try to distract you before they rob you. Be mindful of this common scam to help you stay vigilant.
11. Take precautions when driving – If traveling by car, always keep your doors locked. By on guard at stop signs or red lights, especially at night. Many Brazilians won’t even stop for them to avoid the risk of a carjacking. Buy travel insurance before you go just in case you run into trouble. It’s always better to be safe than sorry!

(Disponível em: https://www.nomadicmatt.com/travel-blogs/is-brazil-safe-to-visit/. Acessado em 11 de setembro de 2019. Adaptado.)