Questões de EFAF Inglês

Directions: Answer question according to the text.

 

TEXT

 

    Many parents are concerned with their child’s
seemingly obsessive video game play. Fortnite, the
most recent gaming phenomenon, has taken the world
by storm and has parents asking if the shooter game is
[5] okay for kids. The short answer is yes, Fortnite is
generally fine. Furthermore, parents can breathe easier
knowing that research suggests gaming (on its own)
does not cause disorders like addiction.
    However, there’s more to the story. A
[10] comprehensive answer to the question of whether video
games are prejudicial must take into account other
factors, and parents need to understand why kids play,
as well as when to worry and when to relax.
    The word “addiction” gets tossed around quite
[15] a bit these days, but if it isn’t causing serious harm and
disorder to daily function, it isn’t an addiction. Parents
may worry that their kids are addicted, but if the children
can pull themselves away from a game to join the family
for a conversation over dinner and shows interest in
[20] other activities, like sports or socializing with friends,
then they are not addicted.
    Generally, parents panic when their kid’s video
game playing comes at the expense of doing other
things, like studying or helping around the house. But
[25] let’s be honest, kids have been avoiding these activities
for ages. Equally true is the fact that parents have been
complaining about their unhelpful children well before the
first video game was plugged into its socket.
    In fact, moderate video game play has been
[30] shown to be beneficial. A study conducted at Oxford by
Dr. Andrew Przybylski revealed that playing about one
hour per day improved psychological well-being, while
when taken to an extreme, playing over three hours per
day, was correlated with less well-being.
[35]    The real question should be what is it about
the special attraction of gaming that makes it the
preferred pastime of so many millions of kids? What
makes it so difficult for even non-addicted kids to step
away from video games sometimes? The answer has to
[40] do with the way games address basic psychological
needs.
    Fortnite, like any well-designed video game,
satisfies what we are all looking for. According to Drs.
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan, people need three
[45] things to flourish. We look for competence — the need
for mastery, progression, achievement, and growth. We
seek autonomy — the need for volition and freedom of
control over our choice. And finally, we look for
relatedness — the need to feel like we matter to others,
[50] and that others matter to us. Unfortunately, when
considering the state of modern childhood, many kids
aren’t getting enough of these three essential elements.
    School, where kids spend most of their waking
hours, is in many ways the antithesis of a place where
[55] kids feel competence, autonomy, and relatedness.
There, kids are told what to do, where to be, what to
think, what to wear, and what to eat. While some argue
that discipline and control provide structure, it’s clear
why teachers and students might struggle with
[60] motivation in the classroom.
    Gamers feel competence when they practice
strengths to reach their goals. In a game, players have
the autonomy to call the shots, do what they want, and
experiment with creative strategies to solve problems.
[65] Games are also social outlets where players can feel
relatedness. In Fortnite, for example, players often
meet in the virtual environment to chat and socialize,
because doing so in the real world is often inconvenient
or off limits.
[70]    Of course, none of this is to say video games
are a good substitution — quite the opposite. No game

can give a child the feeling of competence that comes
from accomplishing a difficult task or learning a new
skill on their own accord. Fortnite can’t compete with
[75] the exhilaration that comes from the autonomy of
exploring reality, where a child is free to ask questions
and unlock mysteries in the real world. No social media
site can give a kid the sense of relatedness, safety, and
warmth that comes from an adult who loves that child
[80] unconditionally just the way they are, no matter what,
and takes the time to tell them so.
    Some kids suffer from gaming disorders, but
such dependencies are often combined with preexisting
conditions, including problems with impulse control. For
[85] most children, however, parents understanding the
deeper truth behind what kids are getting out of games
empowers them to take steps to give their children
more of what they need. Video games are this
generation’s outlet, and some kids use them as a tool to
[90] escape the same way some of us use our own flavor of
dissociative devices to tune out reality for a while.

(Adapted from https://www.psychologytoday.com. Access on March 25^th, 2021)

 

Glossary:
1. to toss around – to discuss possibilities or new ideas
2. to step away – to not become involved with something
3. to flourish – to grow or develop successfully
4. volition – the power to make your own decision
5. exhilaration – excitement and happiness
6. to call the shots – to be in position to decide
7. outlet – a way in which emotions, energy or abilities can be expressed or made use of
8. to tune out – to stop paying attention to something or someone

Mark the alternative that shows the appropriate question tag for the sentence.

 

Many parents are concerned with their child’s seemingly obsessive video game play, ______?

Ever Given crew fear joining ranks of seafarers stranded on ships for years

 

“For two years Mohammad Aisha has been the lone resident of an abandoned container ship marooned off Egypt in Golf of Suez. If he needs to charge his phone, get drinking water or buy food, he has to row to shore, although he can only stay for two hours at most as the area is a restricted military zone. According to one doctor who examined him, the malnourished sailor has started to exhibit similar symptoms to prisioners held in poor conditions.”

(Adapted from https://www.the guardian.com>19)

 

Mark the correct option about the text.

"... and microplastics can also enter the food chain as they are indigestible when swallowed.” In the excerpt from the text, the word in bold can be substituted by:

Based on the text, answer question.

 

First ship tunnel to be constructed in Norway

 

    Norway plans for a pioncering construction project that will facilitate ship transportation. The plan includes the construction of a tunnel from which ships will pass by in order to avoid the Stad - peninsula. The endeavor has been underway since 2017 and was approved by Norway's Ministry of Transport and Communications im late February 2021.

    The waters in the Stad peninsula are dangerous since it is an exposed area where navigation is challenging. Except for the water currents, the underwater topography creates additional issues including unpredictable waves which may persist for a significant amount of time after a storm has passed.

    The Norwegian Coastal Administration stated that plans for alternatives such as the one currently underway have been suggested for years. Even the Vikings used to drag their ships over the land in order to avoid the dangerous conditions around the peninsula. During World War II, the Germans also made plans to construct a similar project, however, according to Terje Andreassen, head of the Norwegian Coastal Administration, “the war didn't last long enough to build it”.

    The tunnel will create an alternative, faster route for ships around the peninsula. It will stretch for 1700 meters and will be 37 and 36 meters im height and width, respectively. The construction will begin from the two sides of the tunnel (probably using the dnlling and blasting technique). The tunnel face will be excavated in multiple phases. The top of the tunnel will be supported by a layer of shotcrete. Routes from which the excavated material will be transported outside of the tunnel will also be established.

    The two entrances of the tunnel will feature walls made from the excavated rocks. The interior of the facility will have led lights that will function both as an aesthetic and a navigation tool. The design aims at making the tunnel fit with the surrounding nature and not interrupt the natural environment.

    The total cost of the project is expected to reach $325MM with officials mentioning that funding has been secured. The construction process is planned to begin in early 2022 after signing a contract in 2021. Officials suggest that the construction phase will last for 3-4 years, hence, the tunnel will be completed by 2026.

    Norway is a pioneermg country for tunnel engineering and has more than 1,100 facilities. The rough terrain and the rockmass conditions (which are generally good) have favored the establishment of such projects.

    Despite the excitement for the project, not everyone is in favor of it. According to Knut Samset, Professor of project management at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, the project is not going to be financially prosperous due to its high cost, the fact that it will not always be the faster route and that modem ships will not be obliged to use it. “It's a very expensive thing. Weather permitting, it's as fast to sail around the cape as it is to sail into the fjord and through the tunnel. Plus, today”s boats are big enough and safe enough to handle the choppy waters, which makes traveling through the tunnel a moot point.”, Prof. Samset stated.

(From https:// www .gecengineer.org>news)

Its true about the text that

Mark the option that best complete the blanks.

 

The Marines _____ more of the ships they've got and more ships yet to be designed, all in an effort to _____ in the maritime fight. Top Marine leaders, Commandant Gen. David Berger and Gen. David Odom, recently pushed the ship needs of the Corps. The America-class ship has been in service since 2014 and _____ Marines a vertical lift platform at range in various areas.  

Mark the sentence which is grammatically correct.