Questões de EFAF Ciências

MIT STUDENTS INVENTED A ROBOTIC KITCHEN THAT COULD REVOLUTIONIZE FAST FOOD

((From: http://www.techinsider.io/mit-students-invented-a-robotic-kitchen-2016-4)

“MIT engineering students invented a fully automated mini-restaurant called Spyce Kitchen. It features a refrigerator, dishwasher, stovetop, and robot chef that can cook and serve meals with fresh ingredients in under five minutes. The team won an award for the nation’s top two collegiate inventors in food technology, for the invention, which currently serves students in an MIT dining hall. They plan to pilot the mini-restaurant in dining halls at a handful of other Boston universities once it receives USDA and FDA approval. First, you order a meal using a smartphone app or the touch screen next to the machine. The bot currently features five meals. [...]Two meals can be made at once. You can customize the ingredients, sauce, and quantity. Then, you grab a bowl from the side and place it under one of the cooking pots. Ingredients, which are stocked by the Spyce staff daily, are automatically measured and dispensed on a conveyor belt. They’re then transported to one of four automated pots that mix and cook the ingredients all-in-one. Once that’s done, the system dispenses the meal on a plate, and the pot rotates to the sink and cleans itself. The kitchen uses an array of sensors that track the food’s temperature and quality.”

After reading the text, mark the correct sentence below:

AUSTRALIA’S FIRST ROBOTIC HELP IN A HIP REPLACEMENT OPERATION

(From: http://theconversation.com/)

“The MAKO robotic system is a carefully controlled robotic arm that aids surgeons in placement
of the components of a total hip replacement. It makes the operation more accurate and safer for
surgeons, regardless of their experience. The main difference from a patient’s point of view is that
a pre-operative CT scan is needed to plan the procedure. Traditionally, surgeon relied purely on
an X-ray to plan a total hip replacement. When performed by a robot, planning for the procedure
is done by specialist engineers in collaboration with the surgeon. The engineer and surgeon work
together to determine the optimal position for the components and they create a plan.”

Considering the text above, fill in the gaps in the next sentence:

A ROBOTIC _________ NAMED MAKO IS ABLE TO ___________

ASSIST A __________ ON A ________ ________ REPLACEMENT SURGERY.

Robôs manipuladores utilizam uma ferramenta na extremidade do braço para executar determinadas tarefas.

Observe as figuras a seguir e indique a afirmação correta.

PINÇA

VENTOSA

SOLDADOR

GARRA

Robocup - Soccer Humanoid League

(Text from http://www.robocup.org/robocup-soccer/humanoid/)

“In the Humanoid League, autonomous robots with a human-like body plan and human-like senses play soccer against each other. Dynamic walking, running, and kicking the ball while maintaining balance, visual perception of the ball, other players, and the field, self-localization, and team play are among the many research issues investigated in the league. The league is divided in 3 subleagues, according to robot sizes: Teen Size, Kid Size and Adult Size.”

De acordo com o texto, é correto afirmar que:

“Máquinas dotadas de inteligência artificial aprendem segundo regras muito próximas das que uma pessoa é submetida, conforme explica Alexandre Simões, professor de robótica e inteligência artificial da Unesp (Universidade Estadual Paulista). “Um ser humano aprende por reforço. Então se uma criança coloca a mão no fogo e sente dor, provavelmente não fará isso de novo. Mas se ela fez uma coisa boa e ganha um pirulito, repetirá a ação”, afirma. Da mesma forma, uma máquina vai descobrindo o que é bom e ruim e, com o tempo, se aperfeiçoando. ”

(Fonte: Texto adaptado de http://tabl.uol.com.br/robos/)

De acordo com o texto, é correto afirmar que:

Sua escola vai participar de uma competição de robôs móveis com rodas. Os robôs devem percorrer uma linha reta durante 10 segundos. O robô que chegar mais longe ganha a corrida.

Considerando que todas as rodas giram na mesma velocidade, se você puder escolher o tamanho da roda do seu robô, qual roda fará o robô chegar mais longe?